1. Effect of region on the Outcome of Patients Receiving PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors for Advanced Cancer.
- Author
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Wang Z, Zhang B, Zhang C, Ren S, Wang W, Wang Y, Jiang T, Wei H, Li Y, Wu Q, and Chen J
- Subjects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, B7-H1 Antigen antagonists & inhibitors, Europe epidemiology, Humans, Neoplasms drug therapy, Neoplasms mortality, North America epidemiology, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor antagonists & inhibitors, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Survival Analysis, Treatment Outcome, Antibodies, Monoclonal therapeutic use, Immunotherapy methods, Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Regional differences were associated with cancer incidence and mortality. However, the correlation between regional differences and cancer immunotherapy efficacy was still not evaluated. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate whether regional differences play a role in efficacy of PD-1/L1 inhibitors in cancer patients., Methods: A meticulous review of relevant randomized controlled trials that were sourced from the PubMed, Embase and MEDLINE databases. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were the primary outcome and secondary outcome in our study, respectively. We also assessed difference on the hazard ratio (HR) between European and North American groups., Results: A total of 14 randomized clinical trials including 9387 patients were finally eligible for meta-analysis in our study. With respect to the pooled HR in treatment with PD-1/L1 inhibitors, North American patients presented OS as 0.60 (95% CI 0.53 to 0.67), and PFS as 0.49 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.59), whereas European patients presented OS as 0.76 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.90), and PFS as 0.58 (95% CI 0.44 to 0.72), relative to their corresponding control groups. OS efficacy thus varied significantly (P
heterogeneity = 0.028) between North American and European patients when treated with PD-1/L1 inhibitors., Conclusions: Our findings were very surprising especially considering the higher prevalence of cancer in Europe. Although PD-1/L1 inhibitors improved OS and PFS in both North American and European patients compared with controls, the magnitude of benefit was region-dependent. North American patients can benefit more from PD-1/L1 inhibitors than European patients. More researches were urgently demanded to explore its potential molecular mechanisms., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2019
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