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Introduction: Atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF) is common among patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. AF has been shown to occur more commonly among patients with postcapillary PH, although AF also occurs among patients with precapillary PH. The goal of this study was to evaluate the independent impact of PH hemodynamic phenotype on incident AF among patients with PH. Methods: We retrospectively identified 262 consecutive patients, without a prior diagnosis of atrial arrhythmias, seen at the PH clinic at Mayo Clinic, Florida, between 1997 and 2017, who had right heart catheterization and echocardiography performed, with follow-up for outcomes through 2021. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox-proportional hazards regression modeling were used to evaluate the independent effect of PH hemodynamic phenotype on incident AF. Results: Our study population was classified into two broad PH hemodynamic groups: precapillary (64.9%) and postcapillary (35.1%). The median age was 59.5 years (Q1: 48.4, Q3: 68.4), and 72% were female. In crude models, postcapillary PH was significantly associated with incident AF (HR 2.17, 95% CI: 1.26–3.74, p = 0.005). This association was lost following multivariable adjustment, whereas left atrial volume index remained independently associated with incident AF (aHR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.09–1.54, p = 0.003). Conclusion: We found PH hemodynamic phenotype was not significantly associated with incident AF in our patient sample; however, echocardiographic evidence of left atrial remodeling appeared to have a greater impact on AF development. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings and identify potential modifiable risk factors for AF in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) has become a treatment option for younger patients with drug refractory AF. It is not known whether pulmonary veins (PV) have an important mechanistic role in elderly patients with AF or whether CA is an effective treatment for the elderly., Methods: We evaluated 240 consecutive patients that were referred to the electrophysiology laboratory for CA for AF using a PV antral isolation approach. Linear ablations were not routinely performed. Clinical outcomes and healthcare resource utilization was evaluated during the 12 months after CA in patients <65 years old (Group 1; 91 patients), 65-75 years old (Group II; 88 patients), and >75 years old (Group III; 61 patients)., Results: Older patients were more likely to have persistent atrial fibrillation (I: 24%, II: 34%, III: 66%). Major complication rates (I: 1%; II: 1%; III: 0%; p=ns) and minor complication rates (I: 4%; II: 5%; III: 5%; p=ns) were similar for all three groups. At 12 month follow-up younger patients were more likely to be in sinus rhythm without prolonged episodes of atrial fibrillation without antiarrhythmic drug therapy (AARx) (I: 94%, II: 84%, III: 61%). However in Group III, effective treatment (AF <1 h/mo +/- AARx) was achieved in 82% of patients. After radiofrequency catheter ablation, hospitalizations, emergency room and nonroutine clinic visits decreased significantly for all three groups during the 12 months after RFA (I: pre 22; post: 3; Group II: pre 26; post 4; III: pre 20; post 2)., Conclusions: CA can be effective for treating AF in selected older patients as stand-alone therapy or as hybrid therapy with AARx. PVs appear to be an important arrhythmogenic structure regardless of age. CA is associated with decreased healthcare resource utilization in all age groups.