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This research investigates the growth performance of Clarias batrachus when supplemented with Pleurotus florida freeze-dried extract (PFME) over 60 days. Triplicate groups of fish were fed experimental diets containing varying concentrations of PFME (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%), each adjusted to 5% of their wet body weight biweekly. Results demonstrate that PFME-enriched diets significantly enhanced the growth metrics of Clarias batrachus compared to a control group fed a standard diet. Fish fed with Diet III, containing 1.5% PFME, exhibited the highest weight gain of 31.98 ± 0.45 grams, followed by Diet IV (26.59 ± 0.33 grams), Diet II (25.26 ± 0.49 grams), Diet I (23.90 ± 0.30 grams), and the control group (17.78 ± 0.61 grams). This trend in weight gain correlates with biweekly measurements showing accelerated growth, particularly evident after the first month of feeding. Length measurements also reflected enhanced growth rates, with Diet III yielding the longest fish at 21.24 ± 0.38 cm. Furthermore, specific growth rates were notably higher in fish-fed Diet III (2.11 ± 0.05%), indicating superior growth potential compared to other diets and the control. Feed conversion ratios (FCR) were comparable across experimental diets, suggesting efficient feed utilization, particularly evident in Diet III (FCR 1.55 ± 0.45), which required less feed to produce more fish biomass. Moreover, PFME supplementation positively influenced the feeding rates and survival rates of Clarias batrachus. Fish on Diet III exhibited a consistent feeding rate (3.01 ± 0.06%) similar to other experimental diets, while achieving a high survival rate of 100 ± 0.02%, signifying improved health and immunity. Pleurotus florida extract, particularly at 1.5% concentration (Diet III), proves effective in enhancing the growth performance of Clarias batrachus. This study underscores PFME's potential as a beneficial dietary supplement in the aquaculture, promoting efficient growth and potentially reducing production costs. Further research into the physiological mechanisms underlying these effects could provide deeper insights into optimizing fish nutrition and health in aquaculture settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida), known as 'dhingri' in India, grows spontaneously on decaying and dead wooden logs or on dying trunks of deciduous or coniferous trees in temperate and tropical woodlands. In addition to supplementing nutritional requirements, the cultivation of Pleurotus also provides an opportunity for selfemployment and mycoremediation. In accordance with conventional cultivation practices Pleurotus florida is grown in paddy straw treated with amalaki. After cultivation, when exposed to sunlight or a UV lamp, oyster mushrooms produce nutritionally significant levels of vitamin D. The vitamin D content of UV-exposed oyster mushrooms is likely to remain at 10ug/100g fresh weight, which is greater than the vitamin D content of the majority of vitamin D-containing foods and comparable to the recommended daily intake of vitamin D at the global level. Vitamin D deficiency leads to reduced calcium absorption, which in turn leads to generalized body pains, hair fall and fatigue which are the most common complaints. Eligible candidates (n=50) were screened by computerized randomization method to receive Pleurotus florida soup during the 03-month study. The efficacy parameters were evaluated through the Vit D 25 (OH) blood investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pleurotus florida(Oyster mushroom) and Calocybe indica(Milky Mushroom) are edible mushrooms commercially cultivated in India next to button mushroom has significant nutritional values and functional protein concentrates (PCs)and this can be obtained from nutrient dense powdered mushroom. Proximate composition and functional properties of flours and PCs derived from P.florida and C.indica were evaluated in this study. Fruiting bodies of mushroom were dried at 60-65°C in a cabinet drier and ground to produce flour.PCs were recovered from mushroom flours through isoelectric precipitation. Oyster mushroom (OM) and Milky Mushroom (MM) flour had protein content as 27.81% and 22.2% respectively. The protein content in the mushrooms increased to two-fold in PCs ie.from 27.81 to 50.47% in OM and 22.2 to 48.23% in MM.Flours were brighter contributing higher L* value than their corresponding concentrates, mainly due to pale yellow colour of mushroom flours and brownish colour of PCs.PCs presented significantly (p<0.05) higher Water Absorption Capacity, foaming capacity and emulsion capacity with lower bulk density and oil absorption capacity than their corresponding flours. Flours and protein concentrate had minimum gelation concentration of 6 and 8% for OM and MM respectively. The above results indicate that the flour and protein concentrates from P.florida and C.indica have remarkable functional properties, valuable in food industry with improved textural properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study investigated the effects of oyster mushroom Pleurotus florida, powder on mucus bactericidal activity of Catfish, Clarias batrachus fingerlings. The fingerlings were fed with diets containing 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, and 20 g of oyster mushroom powder in basal diets abis floating magur fish feed for 7 weeks. Mucus samples were collected after the 7 th week and checked for their effect on different strains of disease-causing bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus inane and Aeromonas hydrophila. The results of this study showed that feeding catfish with an oyster mushroom powder diet significantly stimulated bactericidal activity against different strains of bacteria in a dose and time-dependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural waste can be harnessed to improve food safety and security. This study was carried out with the aim of investigating the efficacy of substrate on the growth and bioactive component of two oyster mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius and Pleurotus florida). Three different substrates namely, i.e. sawdust (SD), rice husk (RH) and sawdust + rice husk (SD+RH) were used. The substrates were pasteurized before inoculation of the spawns and later kept in a controlled environment to allow for the development of fruiting bodies. The substrate media were found to influence pin head formation, number of fruiting bodies and maturity period in days. The number of fruiting bodies for P. florida was higher in sawdust (17.50) than in rice husk (16.17). The increase in the number of fruiting bodies for sawdust substrate could be suggestive of production of various enzymes during the vegetative and reproductive phases which helped to solubilize the lignin and degrade the cellulose which were later absorbed by the mushroom mycelium for the production of fruiting bodies. The pin heads appeared fastest on rice husk (53.67 days) for P. pulmonarius followed by sawdust (74.50 days) and sawdust + rice husk (77.83 days). The variation in the number of days taken for a spawn to complete colonization of a given substrate is a function of the fungal strain, growth condition and substrate type. The development of oyster mushroom is therefore predicted on these important factors; nutrition, genetics, environment, and the species of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Out of the five diets, four contained methanolic extract of Pleurotus florida (MEPF) supplementation at various levels (Diet I, II, III & IV having 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% MEPF, respectively) and a control diet without MEPF. Optimum results are observed in 3% MEPF, which have soaring significant (p<0.05) body weight of an individual. In present investigation, SGR is 18.62% and FCR is only 0.19. MEPF has significant fall in feeding rate (11.4%) and contrarily rise in survival rate of 96.66%. The chemical component of Labeo rohita fed with diet III having dry matter 24.7%, protein, 72.45%, fat 1.86% and ashes 20.21%, respectively. The result of this experiment indicated that the 3% MEPF supplementation level enhance the growth of Labeo rohita. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pleurotus florida in diet of Clarias batrachus elevate glycogen in liver 10.86%, kidney 8.43%, muscles 7.66%, gills 6.12% with the rise of protein in liver 10.88%, kidney 5.11%, gills 21% & muscles 81% in 21 days, respectively. In present investigation, antifatigue effects of Pleurotus florida, stabilize the blood glucose of Clarias batrachus. P. florida activates enzyme such as glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), glucokinase and hexokinase and raise concentration of insulin that stabilized blood glucose level to avoid fatigue i.e. in Clarias batrachus (Male 75±0.31mg/dl., Female 85± 0.41 mg/dl) and Heteropneustes fossilis (Male 100±0.51 mg/dl Female 112.5±0.35 mg/dl). The cholesterol of Clarias batrachus male 406.19 ± 2.17 falls to 111.69 ± 4.06 & Female 424.15 ± 0.96 decreases to 186.96 ± 1.64 mg/100 ml in 21 days on Pleurotus florida. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the cultivated mushroom, the genus Pleurotus is the second largest produced worldwide and the most produced in Brazil. The application of agricultural by-products (wastes) as substrate supplement is an effective approach to generate quality food while promoting a circular economy in agriculture. The manuscript evaluates the three key aspects of this practice: (1) the response of different mushroom strains to supplementation, (2) the use of agricultural by-products with different N content, and (3) the efficacy of certain preliminary treatments applied to the supplements. To this end, production and nutritional quality of the mushroom were tested along the crop cycle. Compared to the control substrate, the yield increased by 11, 26, 30 and 42% in the first flush and by 86 and 31% in the second flush. Supplementation resulted in an increment of the fiber and protein content of mushroom and a decline of carbohydrate and lipid content of mushroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Extracts of Pleurotus sp. were dereplicated for predicting fatty acids and steroids. • With the aid of GNPS, eight essential fatty acids and seven steroids were annotated. • P. ostreatus and P. citrinopileatus presented the greatest nutritional potential. • Dereplication was a tool for determination of nutraceutical value of food compounds. Pleurotus is an edible mushroom from the well-known genus of Basidiomycetes; it is the second-most commonly consumed mushroom worldwide. This genus is characterized by the presence of steroids, fatty acids, and polysaccharides. Recently, Pleurotus has become popular as a functional food owing to its health benefits, primarily because they are a source of vitamins, fibers, minerals, and lipids. In natural products chemistry, dereplication techniques identify bioactive molecules from natural sources such as plants and fungi without isolating or characterizing molecules. We used dereplication techniques aided by the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Network to analyze the chemical composition of the methanolic extracts of six Pleurotus species (P. sapidus, P. ostreaus, P. ostreaus var. Florida , P. djamor, P. citrinopileatus, and P. pulmonarius), to identify bioactive molecules with nutraceutical properties. Using this technique, we identified several molecular families, including eight fatty acids and seven steroids. Our findings suggest that dereplication is a relatively rapid tool for characterizing fungal species and determining their nutraceutical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Pleurotus florida on the voluntary feed intake and digestibility of wheat stubble and date palm leaf. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized design with eight Shall male sheep (four replicate for each treatment), 41.5±1.5 kg initial live weight and 2 yr old. The treatments were: 1)Untreated wheat stubble (UTWS); 2) Mycelial treated wheat stubble (MTWS), 3)Fungal treated wheat stubble after the first harvesting of mushroom (FTWS), 4) Untreated date palm leaf (UDPL), 5) Mycelial treated date palm leaf (MTDPL), and 6) Fungal treated date palm leaf after the first harvesting of mushroom (FTDPL).Total tract digestibility of DM and OM of the MTDPL (34.7 & 37.2% respectively) were significantly (P<0.05) increased in comparison with the UTDPL (27.8 & 31.8% respectively). The OM digestibility of the MTWS (38.8 %) was also significantly (P<0.05) higher when compared to UTWS (32.7%).The digestibility of DM and OM of the FTDPL (26.5 and 30.0% respectively) were lower (P<0.05) than those of MTDPL, But were not significantly (P>0.05) different from those found in the UTDPL. However no significant difference(p>0.05) in digestibility of OM and DM was observed when FTWS was compared with MTWS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]