Search

A series of studies in cost effectiveness at Francophonic universities were conducted. The objectives of these studies are identified and the methodology is examined and compared with work done in Britain, U.S.A., and Canada. Cost comparisions are offered between French universities and Bradford University. (Author/MLW)

Themes of identity, difference, ethnicity and culture are central to practices of exclusion and inclusion. Yet a concentration on political rhetoric around these important themes often accompanies a neglect of the ongoing experience of negotiating difference. This paper explores both levels of analysis in comparison of French and Australian material, in an attempt to interrelate national/local, public/private and political/cultural discourses and practices, connecting concepts of ethnicity, culture, globalisation, racism and social citizenship, especially in relation to the activities of le Front National in France and One Nation in Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Utility-Core 10 Dimensions (EORTC QLU-C10D) is a cancer-specific preference-based measure, providing health utilities for use in economic evaluations derived from the widely used health-related quality of life measure, EORTC QLQ-C30. Several EORTC QLU-C10D country-specific value sets are available. This article aimed to provide EORTC QLU-C10D general population utility norms for Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, and the United Kingdom, to aid interpretability of obtained utilities in these countries., Methods: Data were collected in aforementioned countries via a quota-sampled, cross-sectional online survey (n = 100/age-sex group; N = approximately 1000/country). Participants were asked to complete the EORTC QLQ-C30 and provide sociodemographic data. Country-specific utility norms were calculated using the respective country tariff on the country's EORTC QLQ-C30 data after weighting to achieve population representativeness for age and sex. Norm values are provided as means (SDs) by country, age, and sex groups. Tukey's multiple comparison test investigated mean differences among countries. The impact of country, age, and sex on utility values was investigated with a multiple linear regression model., Results: Country-specific mean utilities range from 0.724 (United Kingdom) to 0.843 (Italy). Country-, sex-, and age-specific mean utilities range from 0.664 for 30- to 39-year-old male Canadians to 0.899 for > 70-year-old male Italians. Utilities were lower in females in 4 of 6 countries, and the impact of age differed among countries. Independent of the impact of age and sex, between-country differences were found (P ≤ .05)., Conclusion: Results showed a varying impact of age and sex on EORTC QLU-C10D utilities and significant between-country differences. Using national utility norms and utility decrements is recommended., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.)