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The major vectors of cultural transfers that we propose to analyze in the context of the formation of centers of enlightened absolutisms through the works of the French Enlightenment - academies - will be, initially, the institutions conveying intellectual movements allowing the formation of these centers. It seemed important to us to give a transversal view of these institutions across enlightened Europe while taking into account the specific position of France at that time. By analyzing the main vectors of these movements - academies, and in particular the evolution of the institution of the Academy in France, we will always remain cautious and will try not to interpret the transfers as simple transplantations of the cultural models of one country to the other while demonstrating that the failure of the political and cultural project of enlightened absolutism can be read through the collapse of the official vectors of cultural transfers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]