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By incorporating the consideration of local issues, local value creation (LVC) creates value for local stakeholders, favoring local industry, local economic activity, and local availability of materials, services, and skills. The purpose of this study is to understand how local values in forest management could be framed and defined within the French forest management context and to explore how the process of LVC could be modeled. Therefore, in this study, we propose a meta-model that can be applied to ecosystem services provided by forests, enhancing the importance of the local context. Also, we introduce the concept of value creation, its connection with forest management, and the pivotal role of stakeholders in value definition. Finally, the way in which this generic conceptual model of the LVC can be applied to the forest management system in France is presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The Compulsive Internet Uses Scale (CIUS) is a tool designed to evaluate the severity of the Internet-related compulsive behavior. The aim of this article is to propose a French validation of a 9-items short version adapted for the adolescent population. The sample was composed of 269 adolescents with a mean age of 13.8 years. The results of the confirmatory analyses show that a unidimensional model (α=0.85) is correctly adjusted with the data and is invariant among gender. The criterion validity is examined using two scores of depression and self-esteem. When the adolescents are classified in two categories – compulsive; non-compulsive – the firsts have higher scores of depression and weaker scores of self-esteem than the seconds. The CUIS-9 thus has good psychometric qualities and constitutes a potentially useful tool for researchers and the practitioners. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

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Objective: The feeling of guilt is essential to a healthy interpersonal functioning but can also play a role in self-destructive behaviours. Although there is about 20 guilt scales in English, none has yet been validated in French. This study intends to fill this gap by proposing a French version of the Guilt Inventory (GI) that evaluates trait guilt, state guilt, and moral standards. Method: Seven hundred and thirty-eight students filled the GI in French as well as scales measuring trait anxiety and state anxiety, and empathy skills. In a sample subgroup, we also evaluated depression, social desirability, and personality factors. Results: An exploratory factor analysis conducted on half of the participants resulted in keeping 18 of 20 items in trait GI, and 9 of 10 items in state GI, but also in disregarding the moral standard scale. A confirmatory factor analysis performed on the sample other half has validated this two-factor structure. The expected correlations between guilt scores, negative affectivity and interpersonal functioning were observed. Conclusion: This study suggests that the GI French version is an adequate measure of trait guilt and state guilt, and could prove to be a useful tool for both research and clinical purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Burnout syndrome is a reality in health professions. Many studies report a growing and alarming exhaustion among doctors and residents in France. However, medical studies deemed to be stressful, medical students could be also affected by this syndrome. Few studies are conducted in France at this stage of training, so we will focus our study on the sensitivity to burnout syndrome of students in pre-clerkship., Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 312 students in their third year of medical school in Caen, France. These students answered a questionnaire about their lifestyle and their course, and two pre-established questionnaires, the MBI-test with the emotional exhaustion subscale (EE score) tracking burnout and the GHQ-28 evaluating psychiatric morbidity not psychotic., Results: More than 4 in 10 (42.6%) students had a high EE score and a positive GHQ-28 score. More than one student in two (59.8%) had a moderate to high emotional exhaustion score. Likewise for the GHQ-28 score, 53.4% of students had a positive score. In addition, nearly one in three students (29.8%) felt threatened by burnout. Finally, various factors appeared to be related to burnout: female gender, wanting to stop studying, lack of support or changes in appetite., Conclusion: Burnout is a reality and many factors are associated with it. The study has allowed us to study its factors more closely to get a better understanding but many parameters remain uncertain and deserve more investigation. However, we must continue to act and implement care and support for students at risk. In the same way, it is necessary to sensitize and train students for a primary prevention against burnout from the first cycle of medical studies., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Objective: Many suicide victims had contacts with an emergency department before their attempt. We aimed to determine whether patients coming to a psychiatric emergency department were well assessed concerning their suicidal risk, and to test an easy to fill in scale rapidly assessing suicidal risk., Method: We conducted a descriptive epidemiological survey in Marseille. The source population was all patients admitted to the psychiatric emergency department. We used a booklet containing three questionnaires for "nurse", "psychiatrist" and "patient". We estimated the suicidal risk using both a visual analogue scale (similar for patients and caregivers), and validated scales on self-assessment (scale of suicidality SBQ-R and the Beck Hopelessness Scale)., Results and Discussion: The questionnaire results have shown that people who visited a psychiatric emergency department presented a significant suicidal risk on several criteria: socio-demographic criteria (social isolation, low level of education, low number of people with a job), psychiatric history (rate of pre-existing psychiatric disorders significantly higher than in the general population, high proportions of family and personal history of suicide attempts, psychiatric hospitalizations, and people with a psychiatrist). Six percent of patients claimed to have come to an emergency unit for suicidal ideas but they were ten times more with a suicidal risk, according to the SBQ-R score. The suicidal risk self-assessed by patients on our visual analogue scale was well correlated with SBQ-R scale and Beck Hopelessness scale, but was not well correlated with the evaluation of caregivers., Conclusion: Hence, the analog scale we created is easy to use and seems to be a good tool for suicidal risk estimation when it is self-assessed by patients in our study population., (Copyright © 2014 L’Encéphale, Paris. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)