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In order to explore the level of benefits, evolution patterns, and obstacle factors after the implementation of key soil and water con servation projects in the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin, an evaluation index system for the comprehensive management benefits of soil and water conservation was constructed based on the theme framework of "water and soil conservation, ecology, economy, and society". The entropy weight TOPSIS and coupling coordination model were used to quantitatively evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution process of the comprehensive benefits of soil and water conservation in 9 cities and prefectures of the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2021, as well as the coupling coordination between subsystems. The obstacle degree model was introduced to identify the obstacle factors for improving the comprehensive benefits of soil and water conservation. The results show that from 2000 to 2021, the comprehensive management benefits of soil and water conservation in the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin have been increasing year by year, transitioning from an extremely deteriorating state in 2000 to a good state in 2021; There were significant spatial differences in the benefits of comprehensive soil and water conservation management among the 9 cities and prefectures. Lanzhou, Baiyin, and Pingliang had higher benefits of comprehensive soil and water conservation management, but the gap between cities and states showed a good trend of narrowing year by year; The development level of water and soil conservation, ecological, economic, and social benefit systems all showed an increasing trend year by year, and the development level of ecological benefit systems lagged behind that of water and soil conservation, economic, and social benefit systems; The coupling coordination degree of the comprehensive management benefits system for soil and water conservation in the 9 cities and prefectures showed an increasing trend year by year, transitioning from a stage of mild imbalance to a stage of good coordination, and the spatial performance of the 9 cities and prefectures were relatively balanced; The main obstacles to the improvement of comprehensive soil and water conservation benefits in the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin are the water production modulus, surface runoff depth, plant carbon sequestration, plant oxygen release, and per capita total power of agricultural machinery. Research has shown that the comprehensive management benefits of soil and water conservation in the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin have become increasingly apparent over time, and the overall direction is constantly developing towards health, coordination, and balance. At the same time, there is still significant room for improvement in the comprehensive management of soil and water conservation and modernization of agricultural production conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occasional collapse failure is a typical occurrence during mine slope excavation processes. This study aimed to investigate the disaster law in the process of mining slope excavation, and further explore the optimal selection of excavation angle. Based on the systematic analysis of the residual sliding force and deformation response characteristics during slope excavation, the increment of the residual sliding force increases and the stability coefficient decreases with the increase in excavation depth. Additionally, a numerical model of the Jinchuan mining area in Jinchuan City, Gansu Province, China was created using the Midas-GTS finite element software. The influence of different excavation slope angles on slope stability was analyzed via numerical simulation under certain step slope height and width. The results show that the force and deformation of the slope were unfavorable to slope stability, and the slope stability coefficient would decrease gradually with the increase in slope angle. In addition, the optimal excavation angle combination ranges were determined as 62°~ 65°, 64°~ 67°, 67°~ 69°, 70°~ 71°, 73°, 75°~ 76°, 77°~ 80°considering the stability and maximum recovery. Therefore, the above research results verify the loading effect of mine slope excavation, and can serve as a reference for studies on the optimal range of excavation angles for the mine slope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]