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Statement of the Problem: There are global efforts for introducing a new herbal antimicrobial agent with minimal side effects. There are some reports about the antimicrobial properties of Pimpinella anisum and Oregano Vulgare. Purpose: In this study, the antimicrobial properties of Pimpinella anisum and Oregano Vulgare have been assessed. Material and Method: In this experimental in vitro study, the dental plaque samples were collected from children aged 3 to 5 years old who were referred to a private dental office with diagnosis of dental caries. After determination of the bacterial colonies of Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus salivarius, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Pimpinella anisum and Oregano vulgare were measured by macrodilution and microdilution methods. Results: The mean MIC and MBC of Pimpinella anisum extract and Oregano vulgare extract and their combination against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus salivarius were statistically different (p< 0.001). The combination of these extracts showed the lowest MIC and MBC. Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extracts of the Pimpinella anisum and Oregano Vulgare were effective antibacterial agent against Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, and Streptococcus sanguinis so the combination of these two extracts showed the highest antibacterial properties on all the bacteria evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, we observed quasi-periodic frequency oscillations in CSF1, which is the first cesium fountain clock at Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany. These oscillations could be traced back to Majorana transitions after the second Ramsey interaction. A change in field configuration eliminated the Majorana transitions and with it the frequency oscillations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The comparison of two generations of marjoram single plants grown in Quedlinburg, Germany in 1997 and 1999 (non-inbred initial accessions versus I2 lines derived from elite plants) is given for important traits. The impact of selection was indicated for resistance to lodging and anther status. Severe inbreeding depression of yield of leaf-flower fraction could be avoided by selection. The superiority of all I2 lines over the standard and all initial accessions with respect to the content of essential oil was most distinct; in some numbers there was also higher homogeneity. The percentage of cis-sabinene hydrate in the essential oil showed a diversification in the I2 due to the segregation of chemotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]