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Lateralization of primary epistaxis was prospectively studied in 326 patients at Radebeul Elblandklinikum. The male-female-ratio was 1.3:1. A slight dominance of the right side (45% right vs. 39% left) was found in all patients. Further analyzed were the relationship to the localization of bleeding (anterior or posterior), the age and possible causes or risk factors. Nose bleeding from the posterior nasal portion appears to be statistically significantly higher than on both sides of anterior epistaxis. No statistically significant age dependence of laterality of epistaxis was observed in the age groups which we selected. However, nosebleed appears more frequently in women under the age of 50 years in both nostrils. With identified risk factors, idiopathic epistaxis occurs more frequently on the right side than does nosebleed. Mechanical trauma (intranasal sprays or nose picking) is a possible factor explaining the dominance of epistaxis on the right side, especially in idiopathic cases.

Within the framework of restructuring for the certification to a regional trauma centre of the DGU (German Society for Casualty Surgery), a uniform algorithm for multiple trauma was developed in the medical centre of Wolfsburg. The Wolfsburg multiple trauma algorithm is based on ATLS (advanced trauma life support) with integration of FAST (focused assessment with sonography for trauma), as well as the white paper of the DGU and regional-specific features. Thus structural, instrumental, organizational and personnel conditions were created to improve the care of multiply traumatized patients even further. The conditions for transition to a regional trauma centre of the DGU were confirmed by a successful audit.

Objective: Generally, peritonsillar abscess (PTA) occurs only on one side. Diseases of paired organs show a distinct asymmetry of occurrence: for instance gynaecomastia, varicocele, trigeminal neuralgia, carcinoma of the breast and carcinoma of the ethmoid sinus. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to investigate a possible dominance of one side in PTA., Material and Method: Lateralization of a PTA was studied in 294 patients treated at Radebeul Hospital between January 2004 and December 2009., Result: We found only a slight predominance of the left side in male as well as female patients., Conclusion: The cause of the slight asymmetry is unclear. It is also possible that the non significant dominance is coincidental.

The internet is an excellent medium for storing and quickly disseminating large amounts of information on a global basis. Modern medicine requires a rapid access to information including clinical data from medical records, bibliographic databases, knowledge bases and nomenclature databases. This is especially true for university hospitals and medical schools for training as well as for fundamental and clinical research for diagnosis and therapeutic purposes. Therefore, the internet with its constantly increasing offers plays a more and more important role in scientific research. This review focuses on how developments of this communication technology have become a useful educational resource in medicine, and describes modest ideas in computer network use. Internet basic resources are electronic mailing (e-mail), discussion groups, file transfer, and browsing the World Wide Web (WWW).

The spectrum of plastic surgery in the head and neck area is wide. The indications for as well as potentials and limits too, aesthetic surgery cannot be pressed into a rigid framework. The operative strategy will substantively depend on several factors, including objectivated local findings from, as well as general situation and motivation, of the patient. In plastic surgery the psychological situation of the patient is very often paramount, especially as regards cosmetic aspects. Sometimes the declared motives of the patient hide emotional disorders. Several examples show the practicability and limits. The possibilities of corrective action depend not only on the local findings but also on the surgeon's experience and skill.

There are only few data on the relative contribution of genetical factors to ear preference ("earedness"). We studied the distribution of earedness and handedness in a sample of 292 families and 36 offspring pairs. The incidence of nonright-earedness was found to be 35% and was not related to age or gender. In the same sample the incidence of nonright-handedness amounted to about 9% and was characterized by a significant prevalence in men. The distribution of handedness did not differ significantly between parents and children. We found that children's earedness and handedness were related to parental preferences. However, no paternal or maternal effect was found. The frequency of left-earedness and left-handedness of children is directly proportional to the number of left-sided parents. These results suggest that the direction of ear preference and handedness is genetically determined. But there is no genetic association between handedness and earedness.

We want to report about our own experiences with a database manager. Bibliography database managers are used to manage information resources: specifically, to maintain a database to references and create bibliographies and reference lists for written works. A database manager allows to enter summary information (record) for articles, book sections, books, dissertations, conference proceedings, and so on. Other features that may be included in a database manager include the ability to import references from different sources, such as MEDLINE. The word processing components allow to generate reference list and bibliographies in a variety of different styles, generates a reference list from a word processor manuscript. The function and the use of the software package EndNote 2 for Windows are described. Its advantages in fulfilling different requirements for the citation style and the sort order of reference lists are emphasized.

This article reviews today's methods of searching the literature, especially the electronic ones. There are 2 main methods of searching: CD-ROM- and online searching. Online searching is a fast and powerful alternative to CD-ROM searching. Formal training is necessary for quick and cheap reference finding. Other benefits such as direct transfer from online searching to your own computer bibliography database make online searching of biomedical databases essential to consider.

There are only a few studies in the literature concerning all four lateral preferences (handedness, footedness, eyedness, earedness) and presenting their interrelationships. Porac and Coren's 1981 inventory was used to assess hand, foot, eye, and ear preference in a German sample of 506 men and 430 women. A right sided preference was found for hand, foot, eye, and ear preference among 91%, 74%, 66%, and 63% of the sample, respectively. More men were left-handed and left-footed than women. There were no significant sex differences for eyedness and earedness. Correlations ranged from .22 between hand and eye laterality to .44 between hand and foot laterality.