1. A 3-Hour Diagnostic Algorithm for Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Using High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T in Unselected Older Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department.
- Author
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Bahrmann, Philipp, Christ, Michael, Bahrmann, Anke, Rittger, Harald, Heppner, Hans Jürgen, Achenbach, Stephan, Bertsch, Thomas, and Sieber, Cornel C.
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ALGORITHMS , *BIOMARKERS , *CLASSIFICATION , *DECISION making , *EMERGENCY medical services , *HOSPITAL emergency services , *LONGITUDINAL method , *RESEARCH methodology , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *PATIENTS , *PROBABILITY theory , *REGRESSION analysis , *SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) , *URBAN hospitals , *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves , *TROPONIN , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *OLD age ,MYOCARDIAL infarction diagnosis - Abstract
Abstract: Objectives: To determine if an algorithm implementing a serial high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) measurement at presentation (0h) and at 3 hours after presentation (3h) is helpful for early diagnosis of non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) in older patients. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: An emergency department (ED) of a city hospital covering a population of approximately 1 million in Germany. Participants: A total of 332 consecutive unselected patients were recruited, of whom 25 had one or more of the prespecified exclusion criteria and 1 had a missing hs-cTnT at 3h, resulting in a final population of 306 patients. Measurements: In addition to clinical examination, hs-cTnT was measured at 0h and 3h. The final diagnosis of NSTEMI was adjudicated by two independent consultants and an algorithm for rule-in and rule-out of NSTEMI was developed using classification and regression tree analysis. All patients were followed-up for cardiovascular outcome within 12 months. Results: Among 306 patients (mean age 81 ± 6 years), 38 (12%) patients had NSTEMI. Accuracy to diagnose NSTEMI was significantly higher for hs-cTnT measurements at 3h versus 0h (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.88 vs. 0.82, P = .0038) and for absolute versus relative hs-cTnT delta changes (AUC 0.89 versus 0.69, P < .001). A diagnostic algorithm using hs-cTnT values at presentation and absolute delta changes values ruled-in NSTEMI in 23% and ruled-out NSTEMI in 35% of patients. For patients neither fulfilling the rule-in nor the rule-out criteria, an observational zone was established. Cumulative 1-year survival was 79.4%, 88.5%, and 99.1% in patients classified as rule-in, observational zone, and rule-out, respectively. Conclusion: In older patients, serial hs-cTnT measurements and absolute delta-changes at 3h were valuable for early diagnosis of NSTEMI. An algorithm ruled-in NSTEMI in one quarter of patients with high risk and ruled-out NSTEMI in one-third with low risk. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
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