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A new species of the genus Tigridiopalma, formerly considered monotypic, is here described as T. exalata and illustrated based on molecular and morphological evidence. It is morphologically similar to T. magnifica in having a short stem, huge basal leaves, scorpioid cymes, and 5-merous flowers, but differs in having ribbed and pale yellow puberulent petioles, purple petals with a small white apical patch, connectives of longer stamens with a distinct dorsal short spur at their base, and wingless capsules. Due to the restricted distribution, small populations and horticultural potential of this new species, it should be categorized as an Endangered species (EN). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fenghwaia, a new monotypic genus, along with the new species Fenghwaia gardeniicarpa, is described from Guangdong Province, China. The combined features of inferior ovary, cylindrical drupaceous fruits and orbicular and dorsiventrally-compressed seeds with an elongate and pronounced basal appendage make the new genus significantly different from other genera of the family. In addition, its pollen morphology also showed great similarity to other species of this stenopalynous family. The molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and plastid trnL-F intron spacer (trnL-F) DNA sequence data from the new genus and the other 375 species representing 58 genera of Rhamnaceae, indicates that Fenghwaia is nested within the 'rhamnoid' group and sister to the tribe Rhamneae and then both sister to the tribe Maesopsideae. A taxonomic classification key to the 'rhamnoid' group is provided, based on morphological characters. A global conservation assessment is also performed and classifies Fenghwaia gardeniicarpa as Near Threatened (NT). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the marine environment, the use of sonar equipment is very extensive. The widespread application of sonar equipment in military and civilian fields has promoted the rapid development of sonar technology, and the sonar system is gradually developing toward multi-bases and large-scale direction. The analyzing and processing of ocean sonar signals has become an important part of sonar system design. Based on the environmental conditions of the Zhanjiang sea area in Guangdong Province, this paper designs the ocean sonar signal waveforms, analyzes the sonar signals with appropriate methods, and constructs an ocean sonar signal processing platform. The research results show that in the marine environment, multi-base sonar system can realize continuous transmitting of sonar signals and receive echoes to achieve continuous detection of targets. Continuous sonar signals have a lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than pulse sonar signals, but continuous sonar signals have a longer time bandwidth product (TBP), which reduces the negative impact of the ocean environment. The Gold-sequence phase modulated (PM) signals have strong reliability and good concealment performance. The signals can occupy the entire bandwidth. The signal processing is not limited by the number of transmitting stations, but its signal forms are more complicated, the signal analysis is cumbersome, and the processing platform is highly demanded. The research in this paper provides a theoretical basis for ocean sonar signal analyzing and processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]