Search

Wine produced by fermentation of Chestnut rose (Rosa roxburghii) hips, known as cili (Chinese-Mandarin), in Guizhou province, and other places in China is becoming popular but there is limited knowledge of suitable yeast strains for its production. In this study, we first investigated the oenological properties of six commercial S. cerevisiae yeast strains (X16, F33, SH12, GV107, S102, RMS2), one commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. bayanus (S103), one commercial, non-Saccharomyces yeast strain, Torulaspora delbrueckii Prelude, and one indigenous S. cerevisiae strain, CZ, for cili wine fermentation. We measured the key traits of each of the yeast strains, viz., sulfite resistance, flocculation, hydrogen sulfide production capacity, fermentation rate, and yeast growth curves. Subsequently, we measured the resultant wine characteristics, viz., pH, alcohol content, residual sugar, titratable acidity, volatile acidity, ascorbic acid content and headspace volatile compounds. The overall suitability of each yeast type was evaluated using a multi-factor, unweighted, scorecard. On that basis, RMS2 was the most suitable, and closely followed by CZ and X16. This study is the first comparative evaluation of yeasts for cili wine production and provides a preliminary guide for their selection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to identify the locations and harvest months in Guizhou province, China, producing the most suitable red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) for winemaking. Fruit from Guanling, Luodian and Zhenfeng counties was harvested separately from successive fruit cycles in August, September and October, respectively. The key traits measured were fruit weight, pulp yield, soluble solids content, and titratable acid. Wine characteristics measured were alcohol content, total carbohydrates, titratable acidity, volatile acidity, and betacyanin content. The overall suitability of fruit from each location for winemaking was evaluated using a multi‐factor, unweighted, scorecard. On that basis, fruit from Guanling county harvested in August was the most suitable. Fruit from Luodian, and Zhenfeng was most suitable when harvested in August and September, and September, respectively. These results provide a preliminary guide for the sourcing of red dragon fruit from Guizhou for wine production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessing green development performance is of great significance for guiding cities to realize coordinated urban development. Considering that green development is a complex system that couples social economy and resource environment, an index system that contains 26 indicators for measuring the green development performance of cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) was constructed from three perspectives: green growth degree, green carrying capacity and green guarantee capability. The green development performance of 110 prefecture cities in the YREB during 2011–2017 were assessed based on the entropy weight method, and then the driving factors of cities' green development performance were analyzed by using the obstacle degree model. The results show that the green development performance of cities in the YREB had increased from 2011 to 2017 with an average growth rate of 19.16%, but overall was not high. Especially, green guarantee capability of most cities was low and didn't improve much during 2011–2017. The green development performance of cities in the YREB overall presented high in the east and low in the west, with the cities of medium-high and high values mostly concentrated in the economically developed areas, such as the lower reach of the YREB and the provincial capital cities. Specifically, cities in the lower reach of the YREB, especially Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, had the highest level of green development, but with relatively low growth rate. The cities in the upper and middle reaches of the YREB had relatively low level of green development, but the overall growth rate was high, especially the Guizhou province has the highest growth rate of 35%. The obstacle factors analysis revealed that insufficient economic development, poor green life guarantee capability and incomplete ecological protection were key factors affecting the green development performance of cities in the YREB. Based on these findings, we suggest that to further strengthen the ability of economic growth and enhance public infrastructure service and ecological and environmental protection are important for promoting the level of green development in the YREB. • Green development performance in the YREB increased, but overall was not high. • High green development performance concentrated in economically developed cities. • Green guarantee capability of most cities was low and didn't improve much. • Cities need to enhance public infrastructure service and advocate green lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]