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This paper presents a new real-time optimal mileage based dispatch (OMD) algorithm for a generating company (GenCo) responding to the automatic generation control (AGC) dispatch signals in real time in context of a performance-based frequency regulation market. Distinguished from traditional methods, the proposed method innovatively incorporates the mileage based regulation service compensation criterion in dispatching multiple units to maximize the Genco's total profit. In addition, the proposed method adopts the model predictive control (MPC) framework to effectively address the real-time OMD given dynamic variations of AGC signals between adjacent dispatch intervals to further improve GenCo's profit. The effectiveness of the proposed method is thoroughly tested using the Hainan power grid as part of China Southern Power Grid (CSG) considering various operation scenarios, where a performance-based frequency regulation market is under implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to more effectively reduce the regulation costs of power grids and to improve the automatic generation control (AGC) performance, an optimization mathematical model of generation command dispatch for AGC with an electric vehicle (EV) charging station is proposed in this paper, in which a cost consensus algorithm for AGC is adopted. Particularly, virtual consensus variables are applied to exchange information among different AGC units. At the same time, the actual consensus variables are utilized to determine the generation command, upon which the flexibility of the proposed algorithm can be significantly enhanced. Furthermore, the implement feasibility of such an algorithm is verified through a series simulation experiments on the Hainan power grid in southern China, where the results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively realize an autonomous frequency regulation of EVs participating in AGC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new AGC dispatch model in the integrated energy system is introduced. • The MEPR-TD3 algorithm is proposed to handle AGC dispatch. • The proposed method can be used in a performance-based frequency regulation market. • The method achieves comprehensive optimum in control performance and economy profit. To balance the stochastic power disturbance in integrated energy system (IES), a novel automatic generation control (AGC) dispatch is proposed by taking account of the regulation rule that applies to a performance-based frequency regulation market, with the aim to reduce area control deviation and regulation mileage payment while complying with constraints of various regulation units. Thus, a multiple experience pool replay twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (MEPR-TD3) is put forward to improve the training efficiency and the action quality via four improvements including the multiple experience pool probability replay strategy. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm is verified on an extended two-area load frequency control (LFC) model and Hainan province IES with different demand of multiple energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new optimal mileage based automatic generation control dispatch is formulated. • An adaptive distributed auction-based algorithm is proposed to handle AGC dispatch. • The proposed method can be used in a performance-based frequency regulation market. • The optimal mileage based AGC dispatch can be addressed in a distributed manner. • The dynamic response performance of the control area can be dramatically improved. In a performance-based frequency regulation market, increasing number of controllable renewable energy will actively participate in automatic generation control (AGC) of interconnected power girds. Under such circumstance, this paper develops a new optimal mileage based AGC dispatch (OMD) to optimally distribute the real-time overall AGC dispatch command among different AGC units, including traditional units (e.g., coal-fired unit) and renewable energy (e.g., wind farm). It aims to minimize the power deviation between the dispatch command and the actual power regulation output. To rapidly find a high-quality dispatch scheme in a distributed manner, a novel adaptive distributed auction-based algorithm (ADAA) is used for handling OMD due to its fast convergence speed and model-free feature. Compared with the original auction-based algorithm (AA) with multiple fixed swap sizes, ADAA can converge faster and reduce communication traffic since it only employs an adaptive swap size according to the immediate optimization results. Finally, an extended two-area load frequency control model and a practical Hainan power grid of southern China are employed to evaluate the performance of ADAA for OMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]