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A bibliometric analysis of the information on essential oils (EOs) of Cuban plants was carried out. The search was carried out in the databases: Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scielo and Infomed. In addition, Google Scholar and relevant scientific journals were also reviewed. Between 1971-2021, 240 published articles appeared in 53 journals in relation to AEs. In total, 222 researchers, belonging to 24 institutions, participated in these studies. The six most productive institutions were IIIA, CNIC, IPK, CENSA, University of Alabama at Huntville and CIDEM. From the analysis of the results, 31 botanical families and 162 species have been analyzed. The most representative families were Myrtaceae, Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Rutaceae, while the most studied species were Citrus sinensis L., Citrus aurantifolia Swingle, Piper aduncum L. and Piper auritum H.B.K. By region of sample collection, samples from 13 Cuban provinces have been evaluated, most of them collected in the provinces of Artemisa, Pinar del Río and Havana. The leaves were the plant part for the extraction of EO and hydrodistillation the most used obtaining method. Different biological activities have been reported, such as: antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antileishmanial, insecticidal, antiplasmodial, antioxidant and anticancer. It is recommended to expand in vivo trials to verify the efficacy and safety of the use of EOs. The information reported in this review can scientifically contribute to guide future research towards a new perspective with the EOs of Cuban plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]