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Introduction: In tropical nations like India, ileocaecal emergencies are common in emergency rooms. Disorders such as typhoid, tuberculosis, and blunt force injury to the abdomen are acknowledged. This illness continues to be linked to high mortality and inevitable morbidity, even though there are contemporary diagnostic facilities and advancements in treatment regimens. The objective of the operating procedure is to fix the pathology while preventing major problems. Material and Methods: It was the combination of a retrospective and prospective study. In this study 40 individuals as subjects was used. This study was conducted at the Department of General Surgery, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. Study period for this was the October 2022 to September 2023. Result: The purpose of this research was to catalogue the variables that influence the initiation, progression, and resolution of emergency laparotomies for ileocaecal emergencies. Assessing the linked rates of illness and mortality was another objective of the study. Forty individuals were evaluated, ranging in age from eighteen to seventyeight. Ten percent of individuals with systemic hypertension also had diabetes mellitus, making it the most common comorbidity. Half of all patients died if they went to the ER more than three days after their symptoms first emerged. Resection and anastomosis were the most common procedures. Conclusion: In order to treat a large number of patients effectively, it is necessary to integrate hydration, electrolyte correction, dietary management, and psychological support teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Although rare, locally progressed breast cancer is a major obstacle for clinicians. This study was conducted because there is a direct correlation between the pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and disease free survival. This study was out to evaluate the histological impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on breast cancer patients with locally advanced disease. Material and Methods: This study was observational based study. The research was carried out at the Department of General Surgery, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The study was done from September 2022 to July 2023. A total of twenty-five people were used as subjects in this research. Modified radical mastectomy was performed after clinical evaluation of tumour response and patient follow-up. Pathological reaction was assessed and notes were made on the specimen. Result: People in their 50s and 60s made up the bulk of the population. The majority of the 30 patients with locally advanced cancer (73%), ranging from stage IIIA to stage IIIB, were men. Nearly half of the patients tested positive for oestrogen receptors but negative for HER2, and a quarter of those individuals tested positive for all three. Everyone who tested positive for HER 2 was also considered to be a triple negative. Both the ER and PR positive tumour percentages were 67%.Forty percent of tumours tested positive for HER2. Possible explanations for the low response rate and high rate of ER positive include the fact that 83% of patients did not react to NACT and only 17% demonstrated a pathological response. Conclusion: Better prognosis may be possible if we could determine which tumours would respond best to which treatments. Recent developments in cancer biology and genetic profiling have the potential to revolutionise the clinical management of LABC by allowing for a more targeted and personalised approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective: To research the prevalence of hepatic abscesses at our facility. To examine the Age and Sex distribution. to examine the clinical characteristics based on variations in symptoms and symptomatology. To determine the disease's microbiology. To shed light on the role that radiological imaging plays in making a diagnosis and organising treatment appropriately. to classify the disease's mode of therapy. Method: On 100 patients who were enrolled in the trial throughout the time, a study was conducted at Department of General Surgery, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India from to December 2022 to October 2023. Ultrasonography was used to confirm the clinical diagnosis of hepatic abscess in these patients. Result: Men are more common than women. 6:1 ratio; 5 th decade is peak incidence. Eighty four percent of cases had alcohol as the cause. The most prevalent clinical features are abdominal pain (96%) and soreness (72%), with the typical mode of presentation being observed in 81% of patients. Sixty five percent of cases had a right lobe abscess. Aspiration is the most often used therapeutic method (45%). Conclusion: According to an ultrasound, the abscess in the current study had completely disappeared after three to four months; in our series, individuals with lower socioeconomic status account for roughly 70% of all abscesses examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]