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The study and literature on the Internet of Things (IoT) and its applications in agriculture for smart farming are increasing worldwide. However, the knowledge mapping trends related to IoT applications in plant disease, pest management, and control are still unclear and rarely reported. The primary aim of the present study is to identify the current trends and explore hot topics of IoT in plant disease and insect pest research for future research direction. Peer review articles published from Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection (2010-2021) were identified using keywords, and extracted database was analysed scientifically via Microsoft Excel 2019, VOSviewer and R programming software. A total of 231 documents with 5321 cited references authored by 878 scholars showed that the knowledge on the studied area has been growing positively and rapidly for the past ten years. India and China are the most productive countries, comprising more than half (52%) of the total access database on the subject area in WoS. IoT application has been integrated with other knowledge domains, such as machine learning, deep learning, image processing, and artificial intelligence, to produce excellent crop and pest disease monitoring research. This study contributes to the current knowledge of the research topic and suggests possible hot topics for future direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The communal problem remained the main hurdle in constitutional developments in India. The Simon Commission had come to help, but failed to deliver. The Nehru Report did not fare well either. It failed to satisfy the Muslims of both side, those who opposed the Simon Commission and those, like the one led by Shafi, cooperated with it. This research paper analyzes Shafi’s perspective on the Nehru Report, and his efforts subsequently to salvage the Muslim position through the All-India Muslim Conference and the Round Table Conference in London are analyzed. In this context, his efforts at the re-unification of the AllIndia Muslim League and better understanding and rapprochement with Jinnah are also examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of this paper is to explore the underlying challenges in the telehealth environment in India and Pakistan that impede the delivery of high-quality images between a patient and health care professional. Method: An exploratory study was conducted among healthcare professionals in India and Pakistan to assess their perceptions regarding image quality, which is used for the diagnosis and treatment decision making. This cross-sectional qualitative study used semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals in both India and Pakistan. Results: The interviews were analyzed using a thematic analysis, which revealed three major themes. These themes being: ICT infrastructure and connectivity, expertise of persons taking images, and multiple transmission degrading image quality. Conclusions: Findings indicate that in both countries, the main underlying challenge is the lack of consistency in the network infrastructure between urban, rural and remote areas. Additionally, training patients to use hand-held devices to take high-quality images could hold the key to improving the reliability and, consequently, the quality of images transmitted between patients and health care professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cannabis sativa is believed to be one of the oldest plants man has cultivated. But throughout the history it was subjected to the lots of debates for its ethical use. This plant has provided a way to look into the number of medical challenges from analgesia to weight loss and promising clues to treating medical syndromes including seizure disorders, anorexia, chronic pain, cancer, nausea and various infectious diseases that remain challenges for 21st century medicine. This plant is being cultivated in India since ancient times. Old texts (like Ayurveda) hail the plant as sacred and medicinal. It has travelled all over the world across different cultures for medicinal, recreational, religious and commercial purposes. Its use and cultivation decreased since the British Government prohibited its use in 1930s. The resin obtained from the plant contains over 60 cannabinoids and 400 different chemicals of which Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the major chemical with psychoactive properties. There are some natural receptors for THC found in human body called the 'endocannabinoid system' which helps in maintaining biological harmony in response to changes in the environment. This is also known as the gateway of drugs. Studies claim that good percentage of adult people abuses the drug and also a high prevalence rate of cannabis use is reported in India. This study review will focus on history of cannabis and its potential for the new scientific investigations as a therapeutic agent. The study will also focus on the need for the Indian government to encourage the researchers to explore the potential of cannabis as more countries in the world allow the use of medicinal cannabis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cannabis sativa is believed to be one of the oldest plants man has cultivated. But throughout the history it was subjected to the lots of debates for its ethical use. This plant has provided a way to look into the number of medical challenges from analgesia to weight loss and promising clues to treating medical syndromes including seizure disorders, anorexia, chronic pain, cancer, nausea and various infectious diseases that remain challenges for 21st century medicine. This plant is being cultivated in India since ancient times. Old texts (like Ayurveda) hail the plant as sacred and medicinal. It has travelled all over the world across different cultures for medicinal, recreational, religious and commercial purposes. Its use and cultivation decreased since the British Government prohibited its use in 1930s. The resin obtained from the plant contains over 60 cannabinoids and 400 different chemicals of which Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the major chemical with psychoactive properties. There are some natural receptors for THC found in human body called the 'endocannabinoid system' which helps in maintaining biological harmony in response to changes in the environment. This is also known as the gateway of drugs. Studies claim that good percentage of adult people abuses the drug and also a high prevalence rate of cannabis use is reported in India. This study review will focus on history of cannabis and its potential for the new scientific investigations as a therapeutic agent. The study will also focus on the need for the Indian government to encourage the researchers to explore the potential of cannabis as more countries in the world allow the use of medicinal cannabis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in the terms of trade have consequences of great significance for the overall economic performance of a country. In this paper the terms of trade (1991-2003) for Pakistan's crop sector have been worked out to reveal how the sector has performed over time in terms of profitability. Various indices were worked out to view the profitability from different angles using weights, giving due importance to all the contributing factors. The results revealed that Pakistani farmers' profitability improved slightly during the study period but at the same time overall purchasing power of the farmers dropped. Pakistani farmers are expected to loose and consumers to gain if free agricultural trade (in selected commodities) opened with the neighboring India. It is suggested that farmer friendly policies and cost effective technologies should be transferred to farmers to make agriculture an attractive investment domestically and competitive internationally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]