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This study was conducted to ascertain the effect of heavy metals on the general quality of borewell water in a municipality near Kollam District, Kerala state, India. Red-water iron contamination in borewell water has been a major concern for many years that has not been fully resolved. This research introduces an innovative, reliable, and efficient organoclay scavenger for the adsorptive removal of Fe(III) ions from watersheds, by grafting MBO onto Na-MMT clay (MBO/Na-MMT), which was produced via one-pot oxidation reaction using H 2 O 2 to introduce the active functional groups, like the -SOH group, onto the montmorillonite clay. This special alteration of this material improved Na-MMT's capacity to adsorb ferric ions. To evaluate the material's characteristics, X-ray diffraction, SEM-EDS, FTIR, CHNS, TG, and Zeta potential were used. Batch adsorption tests with different solution pH, Fe(III) ion concentrations, agitation periods, adsorbent dose and temperatures were conducted in order to optimise the adsorption procedure. The MBO/Na-MMT exceeded several of the reported adsorbent materials in the literature with an impressive adsorption capacity of 83.33 mg/g and efficiency (97.9%), which was accomplished by spontaneous complexation reaction. Fe(III) spontaneously attached to MBO/Na-MMT by a complex formation reaction mechanism with PSO kinetics and the variability of the adsorption process was highlighted by Elovich kinetic model because of heterogeneity of the surface. The adsorbent material demonstrated a remarkable capability for regeneration, ensuring the material's stability and reusability. [Display omitted] • The adsorption capacity of MBO/Na-MMT for Fe(III) ions was examined. • Fe(III) ion enhanced adsorption capacity of 83.33 mg/g was attained. • A SN2 Mechanism is used in one-pot oxidation to activate chemicals. • FTIR, XRD, SEM, and pH experiments were used to suggest the mechanism of Fe(III) ion binding. • Excellent material reusability for adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research work, a new approach is developed for the extractive determination of chromium. The principle of this approach is based on the complexation reaction between 4-(4ʹ-chlorobenzylideneimino)-3-methyl-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole (CBIMMT) in dichloromethane as a complexing reagent and chromium(III) in presence of potassium iodide to form a yellow coloured complex at room temperature. The 1:2:2 [Cr(III)-CBIMMT-iodide] ternary complex was quantitatively extracted in dichloromethane from 2.5 mol L−1 of hydrochloric acid medium which showed maximum absorption intensity at λmax 411 nm and was stable for more than 72 h. The values of molar absorption coefficient and Sandell's sensitivity of the complex were found to be 0.7019 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1 and 0.00748 µg cm−2, respectively. The system adheres to Beer's law from 1.5 to 6.0 µg mL−1; however, Ringbom's plot suggests optimal concentration range was 1.8–5.8 µg mL−1. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of the approach is 0.26 and 0.79 µg mL−1. This approach was successfully used for the determination of chromium from wastewater effluents from the tannery industries (Kolhapur, MS, India), alloy samples and for separation of it from synthetic mixtures. The present experimental approach is apparently much simpler than the conventional method comprising multistep processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]