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Background: In India, the cosmetics industry has expanded significantly because of changing lifestyles and increased awareness. In terms of earning the most money from the personal care and cosmetics industry in 2021, India is ranked fourth globally. Many cosmetics sold in India include ingredients that cannot be used on humans. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practice toward the uses of cosmetics and cosmetovigilance in India. Methods: A cross‑sectional study was conducted, from April to May 2022, among the general population living in the Delhi NCR region, India. Study questionnaires (printed and survey link) were distributed in public as well as at workplaces for the survey. Results: Around 268 (54.78%) females and 223 (45.21%) males participated in the survey. Amongst the total respondents ‑ 407 (83%) agreed that they are using cosmetic products on a daily basis, females 229 (85.44%), being the majority users compared to males 178 (80%), with a significant P value = 0.011. Most of the people reported side effects of shampoos ‑ 7.13% (hair fall, hair thinning, dryness of the scalp, itching), followed by allergic reactions to moisturizers ‑ 5.70%. Conclusion: Because of the right safety and effectiveness mentorship of cosmetics, regulatory agencies and stakeholders should adopt this broadly. Cosmetovigilance needs to be put into practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the concept of "regions" in North India and the Deccan during the 14th-16th centuries. It questions the usefulness of regional perspectives in historical interpretation, given the prevalence of regional developments and the growth of regionalism during this time. The article discusses the presence of small independent kingdoms in northern and central India and their impact on the geopolitical landscape. It also explores the historiography of regional polity, highlighting a shift towards more nuanced understandings of regional societies and polities. The text argues for a reevaluation of the historiography of medieval India, challenging the traditional narrative of the Delhi Sultanate and emphasizing the importance of considering multiple perspectives and sources to understand the regional dynamics of this period. [Extracted from the article]

This article aims to identify the factors prevalent among health science librarians toward vaccine hesitancy. With the development of COVID-19 vaccines in 2021, numerous efforts are being taken to vaccinate people to control the spread of coronavirus. Recent research has shown a high level of vaccine hesitancy among various groups in various fields but no study has been conducted to explore the factors responsible for vaccine hesitancy among library professionals. A cross-sectional online survey of Indian health science librarians was conducted. Data was collected through an online questionnaire designed on Google Forms and analyzed using MS-Excel. Descriptive statistics were used in the study. The majority of respondents (77%) showed a high level of vaccine hesitancy due to issues of safety, negative information, and confusion over vaccines. Measures to increase vaccination uptake and authentic sources with respect to COVID-19 vaccines have been discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As of October 1, 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) reports that COVID-19 has spread in 216 countries or territories or areas which results into throwing billions of lives under lockdown as healthcare services struggle to cope. Therefore, timely access to healthcare information during COVID-19 crisis is mandatory to restrain its spread. Objectives: To comprehend the information needs and seeking behaviour of general public during COVID-19 outbreak in India. Methods: A national survey through an online questionnaire was conducted in India and 1310 respondents participated in the study through snowball sampling technique. Results: The most decisive information needs of majority of respondents were COVID-19 signs and symptoms, causes and treatments of illness, prevention and control of COVID-19. Conspicuously, news websites, dedicated websites of coronavirus and medical staff were the most preferred and trustworthy sources of information related to COVID-19. Furthermore, credibility or authenticity of information was identified as the major problem in seeking COVID-19 information. Conclusion: The study's findings provide insight into the spectrum of health information seeking among general public in India during COVID-19 outbreak. This study may be useful to social welfare and government health departments, hospitals, and health-information communicators engaged in public safety and well-being in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: In the current study, we have evaluated pharmacy undergraduate student's knowledge and perceptions towards this class of drug products. Methods: A random survey of 349 pharmacy students of six different pharmacy colleges from north India was carried out on an online-based questionnaire system to investigative knowledge and attitude towards biological/biosimilar. Chi-square test was used for the computation of p-value. Results: Out of 349 students, 80.22% of students have good knowledge about the same. 44.12% responded that the products are generally safe while 60.74% responded that these products don't produce any kind of adverse drug reaction. 62.18% students were not updated about ADR reporting system in India. But the students think that its knowledge is important but the educational training has been inadequate. Conclusion: Due to unawareness about biological products, there is a need to address the knowledge gap in graduating pharmacy students. Lack of knowledge could be overcome by upgrading the curriculum or through professional development courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the study is to examine the librarians' attitude towards knowledge sharing including its concept, potential benefits, communication channels, and influencing factors that may motivate or hinder knowledge sharing practices in academic libraries in India. A questionnaire was used for data collection, 91 LIS professionals from Indian academic libraries were surveyed. In addition, 10 in-depth interviews were conducted. The findings of the study show that understanding of knowledge sharing concepts among librarians is varied though most of them perceived knowledge sharing as "dissemination or exchange of knowledge (explicit and tacit) from one individual to another individual or group of people". Moreover, librarians have a positive attitude towards knowledge sharing and believe that knowledge sharing improves the learning process and individual competencies as well as enhance the efficiency of library operations and services. Furthermore, email was found as the most preferred communication channel because of its accessibility, convenience, and personal warmness. Conspicuously, public recognition, rewards, knowledge self-efficacy and develop relations with colleagues were identified as key motivators and on the contrary, lack of trust, personal animosity, technological support and nepotism were found to be the major barriers for knowledge sharing practices. The findings of this study may be useful to the university authorities in India in designing and implementing an all-inclusive knowledge sharing strategy for LIS professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The benthic foraminiferal diversity index was computed from Beypore estuary sediments. The abundance and diversity of Quinqueloculina lata , Textularia agglutinans , Haplophagmoides canariensis , and Quinqueloculina stelligera were dominated by stress-tolerant taxa such as Ammonia tepida , A.parkinsoniana , Nonion grateloupi , and N. scaphum in the estuary. The small-size foraminifera probably perished in a juvenile stage because of the high temperature and low salinity that prevailed in the ecosystem. The dominance of stress tolerant benthic foraminifera and absence of Elphidium species in the estuary suggest the prevalence of hypoxic (low-oxygen) conditions. The consistent low-diversity index of foraminifera indicates that the ecosystem is moderate to highly stressed ecologically in the Beypore estuary. The application of benthic foraminifera as a bioindicator for assessing the environmental stress in the Beypore estuary is key in monitoring these fragile coastal ecosystems. Highlights • First comprehensive attempt to employ benthic foraminifera as a bioindicator for assessing the environmental stress. • Diversity and abundance of foraminifer assemblage were dominated by stress- tolerant taxa. • Foram tests were probably perished in a juvenile state due to environmental stress. • FORAM Index (FI) with < 1.5 value, adequately indicate that the ecosystem is moderate to highly stressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research paper is to investigate the knowledge management strategies adopted by the libraries of central universities in India. Review of literature, reveals that codification and personalisation have been considered knowledge management strategies for sharing explicit and tacit knowledge within the library system. To determine the most used knowledge management strategies in libraries, 14 tools (seven each for codification and personalisation) were recognised from the literature review and taken for examination. A total of 116 library and information science professionals of 23 central universities spread across India were surveyed through a web-based questionnaire to explore the knowledge management strategies followed and data analyses were conducted by using SPSS version 22.0. The findings of the research show that both codification and personalisation have been used in libraries, though the balance of codification and personalisation was not in 80-20 ratio. Between codification and personalisation, codification was found to be the most useful strategy with collective mean difference, i.e., 0.312. This study has practical implications for those who are not fully aware of the prominence of knowledge management and how knowledge management strategies can be used to gain a competitive advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Total ozone column (TOC) obtained from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on board the Aura satellite was utilized to examine the spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric ozone over Pakistan and adjoining regions of Afghanistan, India, and Iran for October 2004 to March 2014. This region has not yet been evaluated in greater detail. A yearly spatial averaged value of 278 ± 2 DU was found over the region. A decadal increase of 1.3% in TOC value over study region was observed for the first time. Large spatial and temporal variability of TOC was found over the study region. Elevated ozone columns were observed over the regions with high NO2and CO concentrations. Analysis indicated that Srinagar city has the highest averaged value of 290 ± 3 DU whereas Jodhpur city showed the highest increasing trend of 1.9% per decade. A monthly averaged maximum value of 289 ± 8 DU and a minimum of 264 ± 5 DU were found during April and November, respectively, over the region. January showed a decreasing trend of −0.8% and February exhibited the highest increasing trend of 5.1% per decade. Forward trajectory analysis showed the possibility of ozone transport from eastern parts of the study region towards the Indian Ocean (Bay of Bengal) through the subtropical jet stream creating low values at higher meridians in October. TOC data deduced from OMI and the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder were compared to check the level of correlation and the results showed significant correlation (r = 0.75) and an acceptable average relative difference of 4.2%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the idea of the medieval period in South Asian history, focusing on how the lumping of chronological categories affects the contexts, methods, and politics of writing South Asian history. Other topics include the history of feudalism in India, the development of a centralized state, and the creation of an early modern era in South Asian history.

This essay introduces a special issue on the history of kāmaśāstra in medieval India. It briefly reviews the secondary scholarship on the subject from the publication of the first translations of the genre at the end of the nineteenth century. It highlights the relatively unexplored history of later kāmaśāstra, and stresses the need for contexualized and detailed studies of the many kāmaśāstra treatises produced in the second millennium CE. The introduction, and the essays that follow, also argue for an expanded interpretive framework for the genre, moving beyond 'sex' and 'sexuality,' to a more widely defined notion of a ' kāma world', in which sensual pleasure is understood as being deeply enmeshed with aesthetic, ethical and cosmopolitan cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relations between royal courts and merchant groups have been a frequently discussed but narrowly circumscribed topic in early Indian history—with analyses confined to mutual gains acquired through interactions. Using the careers of two merchant families active at the Hoysala court in south India at the end of the twelfth century as a starting point, this essay explores the existence of "shared" worlds between court and market, and focuses particularly on the development of distinctively "courtly" codes and sensibilities among merchant groups. It postulates the existence of a commensurable, and to a certain extent, composite culture between the realms of court and market which allowed ambitious men to move between both worlds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]