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Within the context of globalization, we explore the country-of-origin of brand or product placements in Bollywood films. Content analysis of films since economic liberalization (1991, 1996, 2001, 2006, 2010) reveals a substantial increase in brands, with foreign brands outnumbering domestic brands and placed in prominent ways. Results of surveys reveal that Indians are positive about the practice yet generally prefer domestic over foreign product placements. Consumer ethnocentrism versus admiration for Western lifestyles emerged as significant predictors of attitudes and perceptions. Theoretical ramifications for globalization, global brand strategy, and brand placement are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

We propose, from a focal organization's perspective, a holistic framework for an interorganizational collaboration (IOC) that integrates the resource dependence theory and the triangular alignment perspective to account for the impact external factors such as international donors and internal factors such as the focal organization's competencies have on the IOC's antecedents, process, and outcomes. We base our arguments on the case of the National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) that collaborated with various international and domestic partners to effectively reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marketers realize the importance of 360-degree communication (reaching audience members in consistent but multiple ways) to improve brand salience, increase the effectiveness of behavior change strategies, and achieve organizational objectives. While several social marketing organizations have embraced the 360-degree approach, their effectiveness has not been adequately captured by research approaches such as 360-degree feedback. Our study addresses this gap by reporting the influence of Project Raksha (“protection” in Hindi), launched in November 2007 in the rural areas of four Indian states by Pathfinder International in support of government of India’s efforts to reduce maternal mortality and morbidity by promoting institutionalized delivery. The project designed specific interventions at the household, community, local government, and clinical levels to address four types of delays in response to obstetric complications. Westat India carried out postintervention-only evaluation by conducting self-report surveys and interviews with women and their influencers, community health workers, health service providers, and local government members. Findings revealed that most interventions proved effective in addressing the four types of delay that were key contributors to maternal mortality in the project areas. The 360-degree feedback mechanism allowed the social marketing organization to obtain a comprehensive grasp of its persuasion efforts. Achievements and failures were better captured and lessons better learned for future behavior change attempts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study emphasizes the importance of benefit orientation and the competitive advantage of benefits accrued from an improved social product vis-à-vis a current social product as components of a social marketing strategy in order to improve the effectiveness of behaviour change attempts. The views towards female and male condoms of 1939 female sex workers (FSWs) from nine cities in five states of India were investigated. FSWs perceived better peer and male client support, and a more attractive marketing strategy for female condoms over male condoms and thus were likely to use female condoms., Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The central question this study addressed was why did an Indian petrochemical company fail? We employed the attribution theory to compare attributions for corporate failure at three levels: employees versus promoters, top management versus middle management and non-management, and at a third level, attributions reported in the Western context versus the Indian context. While there is an abundance of literature investigating attributions for corporate failure, ours is one of the first studies to compare these attributions between groups involved in corporate operations. We used event analysis technique while analyzing the Directors’ Reports and while conducting the interviews. Our findings revealed that the promoter's account of corporate failure was self-serving, with negative results attributed to external factors while the top management, for example, showed a tendency for self-serving bias by denying responsibility in the events that led to the eventual demise of the company, and also, due to the actor–observer effect, they attributed the company's failure more heavily to the Indian promoters’ dispositional characteristics such as their inability to manage the external environment, which prevented the company from adapting to its external environment. The findings of this study suggest that different groups report distinct causal attributions for corporate failure. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In rural areas of Ethiopia, India, Lesotho, and Senegal, men working in agriculture have modestly lower hemoglobin levels than men with other occupations. One explanation could be lower kidney function, due to undetected chronic kidney disease, among agricultural workers. More population-based surveys could consider adding kidney function assessments by occupation. Objective: Estimate agricultural work's effect on hemoglobin (Hgb) level in men. A negative effect may indicate presence of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology. Methods: We use Demographic and Health Surveys data from seven African and Asian countries and use matching to control for seven confounders. Results: On average, Hgb levels were 0.09 g/dL lower among agricultural workers compared with matched controls. Significant effects were observed in Ethiopia, India, Lesotho, and Senegal, with effects from 0.07 to 0.30 g/dL lower Hgb level among agricultural workers. The findings were robust to multiple control groups and a modest amount of unmeasured confounding. Conclusions: Men engaged in agricultural work in four of the seven countries studied have modestly lower Hgb levels. Our data support integrating kidney function assessments within Demographic and Health Surveys and other population-based surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]