Search

Introduction To examine the prevalence of partial or complete edentulousness in different geographic areas of the Indian population. Material and Methods: An electronic search in PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar was conducted to find relevant papers that had been written in English exclusively and published before May 2022. Based on the PICO, the primary research question for this study was 'What are the prosthetic status and treatment needs of the adult population in India?' Results: The database search yielded 278 items, of which 123 were discarded due to being irrelevant, duplicates, or lacking data. The remaining 155 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility 20 articles were yielded by manual search and 9 articles were added through a search of a reference list of relevant articles. A total of 151 full-text papers were evaluated for eligibility, with 5 articles being excluded. The current systematic review includes a total of 35 studies. Conclusion: The current systematic review states the prevalence of complete edentulousness is comparatively less than partial edentulism, ranging between 0.8% to 14%, except for the tribal population where it is around 42-43%. On the other hand, figures depicting partial edentulism are between 15 to 98% distributed in the different geographical regions. The prosthetic status reported in the studies involved ranges between 3% to 100% with a mean of approximately 35%. Prosthetic treatment need reported overall was between 14% to 100%, in which requirement was found to be more in the maxilla in maximum of the studies included while only a few studies predicted more treatment need in the mandible. The requirement and correlation with gender cannot be established as the figures vary in all the studies included. This research establishes a baseline reference and highlights the lack of attention given to oral health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every year, a large number of teachers are hired and posted in various government schools through government exams. Teachers are tracked manually from the time they are hired until the end of their service period, making it difficult to manage and keep track of them. In order to address this issue, we will provide the government with the convenience of managing teachers through a single portal, which will aid in maintaining a clear status of the teachers currently posted. In this project, we intend to create an app that will reduce manual labours. TRAPP's primary goal is to systematically record, store, and update teacher records. TRAPP data is used to conduct online teacher searches. This software allows users to easily find teachers based on their needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Anaemia is a serious public health problem. It is the second-commonest contributing factor to years lost by adolescents to disability and death. Targeting adolescent girls will allow a window of opportunity to correct their nutritional health and improve their obstetric outcomes. Studies in India have reported varying prevalence rates of anaemia among adolescent girls. Hence, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based studies to obtain a comprehensive pooled estimate of the prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls in India. Methods. We did a systematic electronic search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google scholar to retrieve community-based studies that reported the prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls (10-19 years) in India, without any date or language restriction. To estimate the pooled prevalence and heterogeneity, the random-effects model and I² statistical methods were used. We did subgroup analyses based on geographical region, study setting, method used to measure haemoglobin concentration, and year of publication. Results. We included 35 studies in this meta-analysis comprising 152 640 participants. The pooled prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls was 65.7% (95% CI 59.3%-71.9%). There was significant heterogeneity between the studies (I² 99.6%; p<0.001). Conclusion. There is a high prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls in India. While all regions of the country have a high prevalence, tribal areas need special attention. Targeted actions need to focus on the identification of determinants of anaemia apart from iron supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To review and summarize all the available data from the literature regarding the malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis and derive a mean malignant transformation rate (MTR). Materials and Methods: The electronic search was conducted using PubMed and google scholar. Only full‐text English language articles published from the earliest possible date to 30 April 2019 were included in the study. Abstracts, reviews, letters to editors and editorials were excluded. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO(CRD42019124563). Data were extracted by 2 reviewers. The random effects model was used to perform the meta‐analysis. Result: A total of 10 articles were included in the review after screening 1177 records. The majority of studies available were from India and Taiwan. Out of 5428 oral submucous fibrosis cases, 298 cases transformed to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Males showed a greater predilection for transformation. The MTR rates varied from 1.9% to 12%. The overall mean MTR obtained based on the available data was 5.5%, and the MTR of India and Taiwan obtained were 5.0% and 5.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The systematic review and meta‐analysis based on the available literature have concluded that patients with OSF have a mean risk of 5.5% for malignant transformation into OSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The cultivation and use of cannabis is historically rooted in the Indian subcontinent and this rich heritage of cannabis use dates back to at least two thousand years. Cannabis remains an illicit substance in India despite its changing status globally with many countries legalizing cannabis use in recent years. Scientific research on cannabis use in India has also been sparse. Method: Extensive search of online databases resulted in the identification of 29 original research studies pertaining to one of three areas of cannabis research; a) prevalence of cannabis use b) psychological correlates of cannabis use, c) cannabis use in substance use treatment settings. Findings: We found that most Indian studies used very basic quantitative research designs and had poor scientific rigor. Samples were small, region specific and included only males. Data analyses were limited to descriptive methods. The criteria for cannabis use in most of the reviewed studies were not rigorous and prone to biases. Conclusion & Implications: With changing attitudes and loosening of restrictions on cannabis use, the prevalence of new users is rising dramatically particularly in the college going population. This presents a strong need for research on motivations and attitudes to cannabis use and how those can influence patterns of use, and also the short- and long-term effects of use. More studies with stronger research designs (both cross sectional and longitudinal) are required for the study of cannabis use and this knowledge will be critical for managing the growing substance epidemic, generating public health solutions as well as formulating effective policy frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chemical–mechanical caries removal (CMCR) products are in constant evolution and were recommended during the COVID-19 pandemic as substitutes for conventional caries removal. Aim: Characterize the worldwide scientific literature about CMCR products, over the years, by means of a critical review. Design: Electronic search was performed on Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, and Embase up to November 2020. Year, journal, country of authors, and type of study were the data extracted from the retrieved studies. Additional data of the clinical studies and systematic reviews were investigated. Results: 2221 records were identified, 397 selected. 2011–2020 period concentrates higher number of publications (n = 169), in the Journal of Dental Research (n = 51), developed in Brazil (n = 45) and India (n = 44). Most studies were in vitro (n = 211) and clinical trials (n = 101). Carisolv™ (n = 48) and Papacarie Duo Gel™ (n = 33) were the most used products, prescript in isolated usage (n = 101), and compared with drills (n = 77). CMCR were more studied in primary teeth (n = 78), receiving glass ionomer cement (GIC) (n = 51) as restorative material. The most evaluated outcomes were time spent (n = 48) and pain (n = 41). Clinical application of CMCR takes more time than other techniques, but can also reduce patient anxiety, pain, and need for anesthesia. Conclusion: In vitro and clinical studies with CMCR products have been increasing, mostly carried out in developing countries, evaluating Carisolv™ and Papacarie Duo Gel™. Clinical studies tend to evaluate the time spent and pain compared to drills for removing caries in primary teeth, posteriorly restored with GIC. CMCR clinical application reduces anxiety, pain, and need for anesthesia, despite increase treatments' time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Question: To estimate the pooled prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in children from India. Research Protocol: The PRISMA guidelines were followed. Literature Search: An electronic search of the databases was performed to find prevalence studies of MIH in children above age 6 years in India. Data Extraction: Two authors independently extracted the data from the 16 included studies. Quality Appraisal: The risk of bias was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale adapted for cross-sectional studies. Data Analysis: The pooled prevalence estimate of MIH was calculated using logit transformed data with inverse variance approach in a random-effects model with 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the I2 statistic. The subgroups were analyzed to assess the pooled prevalence of MIH according to sex, arch-wise proportion of MIH-affected teeth, and proportion of children with the MIH phenotypes. Results and Interpretation of Results: Sixteen studies included in the meta-analysis represented 7 states of India. A total of 25,273 children were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of MIH in India was estimated to be 10.0% (95% CI: 0.07, 0.12) with significantly high heterogeneity between the included studies. The pooled prevalence did not vary according to sex. The pooled proportions of MIH-affected teeth were similar in the maxillary and mandibular arches. The pooled proportion of children with MH phenotype was higher (56%) than those with M + IH phenotype (44%). Further studies with standardized criteria for recording MIH are needed to ascertain the prevalence of MIH in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India bears a huge burden of hemoglobinopathies, and the most prevalent is thalassemia. The different types of thalassemia include minor, major and intermedia, based on the α/β-globin chain inequality. This review aimed to understand the current prevalence of thalassemia in different regions of India and communities affected by it, along with the management of β-thalassemia major (β-TM) and β-thalassemia (β-thal) minor patients. A comprehensive electronic search for relevant articles was conducted using two databases, i.e. PubMed and Science Direct. Articles published in English from India between January 2009 and September 2021 were included. Studies from other countries, genetic and molecular characterization studies, and articles published in other languages were excluded. The prevalence of β-thal trait in Central India ranged between 1.4 and 3.4%, while 0.94% β-TM was reported among the patients with anemia. In South India, the prevalence of β-thal trait was between 8.50 and 37.90% and β-TM was reported to be between 2.30 and 7.47%. Northern and Western Indian states had a higher thalassemic burden. In Eastern India, tribal populations had a higher prevalence of β-thal trait (0.00–30.50%), β-TM (0.36–13.20%) and other hemoglobinopathies [Hb E (HBB: c.79G>A)/β-thal] (0.04–15.45%) than nontribal populations. Additionally, scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward classes of low socioeconomic status and low literacy rates were affected by β-thal. Almost all Indian states reported β-thal; however, it is mostly concentrated in eastern and western parts of the country. Well-integrated strategies and effective implementation are needed at State and National levels to minimize the burden of β-thal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present an updated checklist of mammals found in Meghalaya. Using online databases and search engines for available literature, we provide the scientific names, accepted English names, conservation status as per IUCN Red List, Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act schedules, appendices in CITES, local distribution status, endemism, last reported sighting, an account of previous studies carried out relative to mammals and a tentative bibliography of the mammalian species found in Meghalaya. A total of 162 species were found to be existing in the state with Chiropterans forming the largest group and 27 species found to be threatened, seven Near Threatened and seven Data Deficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the information age, Ophthalmologists retrieve information online and deal with the retrieved information in different ways. The purpose of this study is to investigate the online search behavior of ophthalmologists. Methodology: The study design is cross sectional and convenience sampling method is adopted. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. SPSS 18 PASW Statistical package was used for statistical analysis. Frequencies, percentages, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Factor Analysis, Wilcoxon signed rank test were used in the study. Findings: Around 633 ophthalmologists working in 47 academic eye hospitals from 16 states of India were included in the study. The study results revealed that majority of the ophthalmologists exhibit the attitude " Change the search terms in accordance to the results returned " followed by " Copy and paste / Download / bookmark the information ", "Check and read the citations / references of the retrieved information". The statistical test results showed up that there does not exist a statistical difference between ophthalmologists’ attitude and gender, age, designation, experience and institution type. The two major factors of ophthalmologists’ online information search behavior were identified as conscious search and casual search. The conscious search factor was significantly higher than the casual search. Conclusion: The study results revealed that the ophthalmologists’ online search behavior is same. Ophthalmic libraries and other information service providers will understand the ophthalmologists search behavior and provide their digital platforms accordingly. This will be helpful to promote their digital platforms and digital resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION : The Internet is a key source of information for a significant group of health sciences professionals. The academic institutions spend a huge amount to provide access to Internet and electronic information resources and moreover, the Government of India has also initiated National Knowledge Network to create a network of academic community of the country to share knowledge and information. The present study is an attempt to find usage of these resources by the teachers and the students of nursing college under study. AIMS : To identify the extent of use of Internet and electronic information resources by the teachers and students of college and find the answer of question that is can the Internet and electronic information resources will replace the print resources of information? METHODS : A structured questionnaire was distributed among all the faculty members i.e. 41 and students i.e. 235. Total 213 (22 teachers and 191 students) questionnaires were received back proper filled in with response rate of 77.17%. RESULTS : The results of the present study reveals that Internet and electronic information resources are integral part of academic pursuits of nursing profession. A majority of the respondents i.e. 87.3% felt that the academic work will suffer, if they will not have access to these resources. 62.4% of the respondents reported that instant searching of any kind of information is the most appealing feature of the Internet and major hindrances are Internet access problem and overload of information on the Internet with 59.6% and 23% responses. CONCLUSION : Higher percentage of the respondents i.e. 59.6% was in opinion that Internet and electronic information resources will replace the print resources. Hence, it can be concluded that the existence of future libraries and information system will be more virtually than physically. Some suggestions have been set forth to make the service more beneficial for the academic community of the nursing college under study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of various search engines and meta search engines by Indian academics for retrieving information on the web. It also aims to know whether the academics use search strategy of various search engines for retrieval of information or not, and how the Indian academics learn the various search strategies for using search engines. Design/methodology/approach – The data collection instruments used for this study were a questionnaire and follow-up interviews with students and faculty members. The questionnaire consisted of various questions which were designed to elicit the use of search engines, search strategies and method of leaning the search strategies of search engines. A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 300 duly filled copies were returned, constituting a 66.66 percent response rate. The data thus collected were analysed with the help of the SPSS (version 19.0) statistical package to present the findings in percentage and test the formulated hypothesis. Findings – The findings of the survey show that the majority of the respondents most frequently used Google (91.93 percent) and Yahoo (43.85 percent) while Dogpile and Ixquick (35.78 percent each) were less frequently used by the respondents. 65.26 percent of respondents used the search strategy for retrieving information. The study also shows that there is a significant relationship between the respondent's profession and use of search engines (p=0.018) as well use search strategies of search engines (p=0.028). Method of learning the search strategies of search engines is also associated with the respondent's profession (p=0.008). Originality/value – The results of this study have clear implications for information literacy instruction in the context of search engines. The study recommends that there is a need to conduct intensive training for students and faculty members in order for them to acquire the essential search strategies for effective information retrieval. The findings of the study will be helpful to concerned authorities to enhance the effective and efficient use of search engines by the respondents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

G2C (Government to Citizen) information services under the e-Governance initiatives have become a major area of research across the world as the initiative is meant for enhancing the participation of the general public in governance. Giving focus on North East India, the present study has been carried out to analyse the usability of the services by the citizens. A pilot survey of 54 stakeholders (citizens) who have different backgrounds in Manipur was carried out. The findings of the survey bring to light, facts on the awareness and usability of G2C information service under the e-Governance initiatives in the state. The paper also aims to assess the usability of the services under the initiatives. It was found that most of the citizens surveyed are not familiar with the services and their accessibility to the same is poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study explores the status of information literacy skills of students of Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, their information seeking strategies and ability in acquiring, organizing, evaluating and using the information effectively. A well structured questionnaire was designed to collect data for the present study. Personal interviews were conducted o fill in the gaps if any in the questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed with the help of SPSS. The major findings of the study are that a majority of the respondents possess knowledge of MS-office, social networking sites and e-mail. Among six types of internet searching tools, search engines and wiki are the most common, while blogs, online bibliographic databases and subject gateways/portals are less frequent. On the basis of the findings, some suggestions have been put forward to improve the information literacy skills of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As digital information resources available online are increasing at an exponential rate, several practices have evolved for the economic and effective delivery of such information to the end users. In this context, consortia-based information services have gathered momentum world over during the last few years. Though, there are several library consortia in India, UGC Infonet is mainly meant for universities controlled by UGC and CeRA is meant for agricultural universities. This paper discusses utilisation of consortia-based digital information resources by the post graduate and doctoral students of the Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur. Results show that cent percent of the students were familiar with the use of digital information resources available online and 87.14 per cent of them used CeRA. Eighty two per cent students were acquainted with CeRA and learned the required skills for the access and use of digital information resources through curriculum-based courses like 'library and information services', 'research methodology', etc. The students in general would like to strengthen the CeRA services by adding more resources and facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study identifies some bibliometrics indicators of 2253 articles published on industry and trade during 2002-2006. The online database of the Indian science abstracts website (http://isa.niscair.res.in/) is the main source forthis study. The collected data were recorded on to a spread sheet with pre designed columns. The average number of publications per year is 451, more number of articles were published during 2004 to 2006 i.e., 1690. Authorship trend shows that, maximum numbers of 968 (42.96%) papers were contributed by corporate bodies. The degree of collabdration in industrial and trade literature was 0.61. In the country wise contribution of documents, India contributed 69.86% of the total publication. In the state- wise contribution of documents Maharashtra stands first with 323 (14.34%). Among journals Indian Journal of Fiber and Teictile Research is ranked first with 327 (27.88%) articles and among corporate bodies Procter & Gamble Company stands first with 172 (17.77%) documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the survey is to understand the optimum utilization of Internet facilities and services, search strategy adopted, level of satisfaction derived and the problems encountered while surfing the net from the netizens of NationalInstitutes of Technology, India. 665 questionnaires were duly obtained with a response rate of 78.24% out of 850. The most popular perception of Internet technology is `Wealth of huge useful current information' and E-mail service and World Wide Web (WWW) are the most frequently used Internet services among the engineering community and opined fairly better satisfaction with the current state of Internet to support in their academic and research activities. The results indicated valuable information about Internet users search strategies and their level of satisfaction in using the web. Further analysis suggests challenges to optimize the Internet services for academic librarians and opportunities in extending quality Internet services, with a note for Library managers to take a lead in providing Internet services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The overall aim of the research was to gather the data related to open access journal initiatives in India with respect to its type, funding agency/host organization, full text availability, article charges etc. Design/methodology/approach - Various sources of information were consulted such as literature, search engines, directories etc. Findings - Results shows that all 178 open access journals were peer reviewed, indexed and abstracted in various indexing and abstracting services, listed with DOAR and O-jgate. Research limitations/implications - Open access journals that were available on internet were included but not those which were available on intranet. Originality/value - In the earlier literature it was mentioned that there were about 100 to 110 open access journals and no author paid journals. But the present study discovered the existence of 178 open access journals with three author paid journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted at Pramukhswami Medical College and Shree Krishna Hospital in Karamsad, Gujarat, India, from June 2007 to August 2007 to assess computer and Internet knowledge and usage among affiliated health care professionals in order to understand their information-seeking behavior. Search habits of Internet users at Pramukhswami Medical College and Shree Krishna Hospital were identified via a questionnaire. Results showed that all respondents used the Internet frequently for various purposes: accessing online journals, downloading text, chatting, participating in discussions, managing e-mail, and finding related references. It was determined that the professionals received quality information through the Internet and that Google and Yahoo! search engines were more widely used compared to other search engines. The study revealed high computer usage among health care professionals at institutions with good computer facilities. The majority expressed their willingness to undergo further training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Briefly describes the library and information services provided at the Sri Vivekananda Anusnadhana Samsthana (SVYASA), a University for study and research in Yoga and allied sciences, located in Jigni, 35 km from Bangaluru. The development, resources and services of a digital library at SVYASA are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This article reports a survey on the use of Internet services and resources in the engineering colleges of Punjab and Haryana states of India. Data were collected by using a questionnaire and follow-up interviews with Internet users, i.e. teachers and students of engineering colleges. The response rate was 80.8%. Results showed that all the respondents make frequent use of the Internet because they have access either at college or at home. The survey revealed that the majority of the respondents, i.e. 65.6%, access the Internet from college or their workplace. More than 75% of the respondents use the Internet services mainly for educational and research purposes. Google and Yahoo search engines are found to be more widely used than other search engines. More than 70% of the respondents feel that the Internet is useful, informative, easy to use, inexpensive and time saving. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The present approach towards partnership, networking consortia and resource sharing adopted by Indian libraries need radical changes to evolve responsive partnership in order to achive best performance in service. Due to the increase in cost of e journals, the library professionals have initiated the sharing resources in cooperative acquisitions, document delivery and inter library loans. The paper highlights the importance of consortia purchasing in this digital era stating its salient features and pricing models. This paper also discusses about the FORSA and INDEST Consortium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study reports the results of a survey conducted at Banaras Hindu University (BHU) to determine the extent to which Internet users are aware and make use of the Internet. Efforts are on to find the information searching habits of Internet users. Data were collected using a questionnaire and follow-up interviews with the Internet users of three institutes and six faculties. Results show that all respondents are using Internet because of quality information they got through the Internet. Majority of respondents use Internet for research work because the university library has provided access to a large number of databases and online journals. Fifty percent of respondents search information through the search engines, whereas thirty-five percent prefer to go through the specific website/URL. Google and Altavista are more widely used search engines compared to others due to their wide coverage and user-friendly interface. About seventy percent of respondents, prefer to take print out before making use of Internet material as compared to those who prefer online or CD. Thirty-five percent of respondents believe that Internet is most useful because they find valuable information all the time. It has also been observed that slow speed, high Internet charges, lack of training and lack of organized information are some of the factors that affect the use of Internet. Presents recommendations to improve the use of Internet, including a well planned Internet literacy program and preparation of subject gateways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies the use of various search engines, frequency of use of search engines, factors that influence use of the search engines, use of search strategy by Physics research scholars and faculty members in the universities of Karnataka State. Shows that majority of respondents (84.33%) used search engines to retrieve information on the Internet and most frequently used search engines are Google (72.85%) and Yahoo (53.57%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the information use pattern of Indian economists in the present Internet era. Highlights the use of various types of resources, including institutional resources and role of NASSDOC in providing various services to social scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]