Search

Introduction: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a radiographic procedure used to visualise the fallopian tubes and uterine cavity by injecting a contrast medium, commonly employed for diagnosing infertility cases. However, due to the associated radiographic and fluoroscopic exposure, there is an increased risk of chromosomal damage to the gonads. Aim: To investigate the impact of radiographic and fluoroscopic exposure on chromosomal integrity in peripheral blood lymphocytes using the Cytokinesis Blocked Micronucleus (CBMN) assay. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional time-bound study included 10 patients (n=10) scheduled for HSG procedures at the Department of Radiology, Justice KS Hegde Hospital, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India from April 2021 to March 2022. Following radiation exposure, the CBMN assay was conducted to evaluate chromosomal damage in both test and control group blood samples. Blood samples from healthy donors were divided into three cryo vials, with one serving as the control and the remaining two exposed to radiation at the entrance and exit areas during the HSG procedure. The data were expressed as mean±Standard Deviation (SD). A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. results: A statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in biological damage was observed when comparing the Micronucleus (MN) frequency of the test groups (entrance=0.022±0.005 and exit group=0.0172±0.005) with the control group (0.006±0.003). Additionally, a decrease in MN frequency was noticed within the test groups, particularly in the exit group, although the results were not statistically significant (p=0.066). conclusion: The HSG is an effective clinical diagnostic technique. However, the present study indicates a potential risk of chromosomal damage associated with the procedure, emphasising the need for judicious use of radiation exposure during HSG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Radiation is increasingly being used for medical purposes and it is an established weapon in the diagnosis and the therapy of cancer. An exposure to 1-2 Gy causes the NVD (Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) syndrome, whereas an exposure to 2-6 Gy causes the hematopoietic syndrome. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of the Nardostachys jatamansi root extract (NJE) on the radiation induced hematological damage inrats. Methods: EBR was performed at the Microtron Centre, Mangalore University, India. Rats were treated with NJE once daily for 15 days before and after the irradiation. After the irradiation, blood was collected for determining the peripheral blood counts (RBC and WBC), hemoglobin, the platelet count and the packed cell volume (PCV) at 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 5, 10 and 15 days post irradiation. The endogenous spleen colony count was performed at the end of the experiment. The data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey's test for multiplecomparisons. Result: The rats treated with NJE exhibited a time dependent significant elevation (p<0.001) in all the hematological parameters studied as compared to irradiated animals. The endogenous spleen colony count was elevated in animals treated with NJE before irradiation as compared to that of radiation control animals and also an elevation in spleen colony count was observed in pre-irradiation treatment of rats with NJE as compared to drug control animals. Conclusion: From this study, it was concluded that, NJE provides protection by modulating the radiation induced damage to the hematopoietic system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Intake of dietary fatty acid may play a major role in the prevention and management of lifestyle-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, the aim of this study was to find an association between ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acid ratio and T2DM., Methods: Fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and insulin were measured using commercially available kits. Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared using standard protocols. Delta-5 desaturase (D5D) and delta-6 desaturase (D6D) activities were determined from product-to-precursor ratios of individual fatty acids in plasma. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20., Results: The ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 was higher in the group with diabetes (13:1) when compared with the group without diabetes (4:1) and was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). Further association studies showed that univariate model with the ω-6 to ω-3 ratio and a multivariate model with D5D, D6D, and ω-6 to ω-3 ratio could serve as predictive polyunsaturated fatty acid pathway models for T2DM., Conclusions: From the study results, it is evident that ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acid ratios can serve as essential predictive biomarkers in the management of patients with T2DM. This would not only help in management but would also aid in prevention of increased T2DM incidence in India. These results potentiate the need to maintain an ideal balance of ω-6 to ω-3, as prevention is always better than cure., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)