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Universities across the world became digital because of this epidemic. One of the areas that went nearly entirely digital was the annual process of student enrolling. During this period, all the old methods of web advertising were put to the test. In this case, the researcher was compelled to analyze the aspects that were significant to students' enrollment decisions based on his field experience. Experimental research was done to examine the impact web ads have on pupils and parents. The goal of this study was to find admissions for the academic year 2020-21 in India. The poll included close to a thousand students who were recently admitted to the university. The results of the study revealed that web advertisements had a detrimental impact on pupils of all ages, while they had an equal impact on rural and urban candidates. Furthermore, the candidate's family history had little bearing on the impact of web advertisements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is an inevitable ruling issue caused by the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG's) in the atmosphere worldwide. It will have a considerable impact on agriculture and its related fields like live stocks and fisheries. In India, the main sectors contributing to these emissions are industry, agriculture and waste, with a total emission of 334 MT CO2 eq. Besides, the major sources in agriculture are enteric fermentation (63.4%), rice cultivation (20.9%), agricultural soils (13.0%), manure management (2.4%) and on-field burning is the crop residue (2.0%). Thus, the crop productivity sector (rice cultivation, soil and field burning of crop residues) contributes 35.9% to the total emission from agriculture. Therefore, reducing GHG emissions and enhancing the C sequestration in soil and biomass has become challenging. However, the total GHG's emission from all sectors of the country has decreased from 33% in 1970 to 18% in 2010. Cutting off GHGs emission from agriculture can be achieved by sequestering C and reducing methane emissions(CH4) and carbon dioxide(CO2) through various soil and crop management strategies. Integrated nutrient management (INM) practice ensures the Soil -plant -atmospheric continuum (SPAC) in a promising way, reducing the GHGs emission by sequestering more carbon to soil than emissions. A studious prominent INM solution can be identified to develop a mitigation strategy that helps in climate change adaptation and sustains soil health through soil carbon sequestration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • 2D modelling of the regional gravity, geoid and topography reveals a modified low density sub-crustal lithospheric mantle. • Mantle isostasy upholds the up warped topography over the dyke swarm region of the Bastar craton, India. • Impact of a Proterozoic mantle plume is a plausible geodynamic model. Bastar craton located in the eastern part of the Indian shield is affected by multiple episodes of mafic magmatism (mafic dyke swarms of ∼1.9 Ga) and ultramafic kimberlite emplacement of 65 Ma and is by far the least studied Precambrian region of the Indian shield. To recognize the impact of magmatism, we analyzed gravity and geoid undulations to obtain the deeper lithospheric density structures. The low pass filtered (cutoff wavelength > 300 km) regional gravity anomalies depict a circular low encompassing the mafic dyke swarms and are associated with a regional topographic rise of about 600 m, which correlates inversely with isostatic anomalies. Therefore, the required buoyancy might be the consequence of low-density modified upper mantle or thinning of the lithosphere caused due to lithosphere-plume interaction. In the absence of high heat flow values in the southern Bastar region, 2D integrated modelling of the regional gravity and geoid anomaly along a 600 km long profile requires a low-density modified upper mantle at a depth of ∼90 km, which also coincides with the low-velocity zone (70–90 km) detected in receiver function analysis at Hyderabad station towards the SW of the present study. Therefore, modification of the upper mantle through the transfer of asthenosphere material due to the impact of mantle plume during Proterozoic time appears to be a more plausible geodynamic model to explain the geo-tectonics of the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a study of mainly paucibacillary leprosy-affected sib-pair families from South India, in addition to the expected associations with the HLA-DRB1 locus, we have identified significant association with a functional variant of the MICA gene as well as a microsatellite in the flanking region of the MICB gene. The associations with MICA and MICB cannot be accounted for by linkage disequilibrium with the HLA class II locus indicating a role in genetic susceptibility to leprosy that is independent of HLA-DRB1. Previous studies have shown that MICA and MICB are expressed on the surface of cells in response to infection, where they are recognized by the NKG2D receptor on gammadelta T cells, CD8+ alphabeta T cells and natural killer cells, all of which contribute to defense against mycobacteria. The MICA*5A5.1 allele, associated here with leprosy susceptibility, encodes a protein lacking a cytoplasmic tail providing a possible mechanism for defective immune surveillance against mycobacteria.

Setting: Tuberculosis is endemic in south India: sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis is predisposed by HLA-DR2 in south India and few other populations of the world., Objective: To study HLA-DRB1, DQB1, DQA1 and DPB1 allelic polymorphism in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and endemic controls from south India., Design: One hundred and twenty-six, sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 87, endemic controls, from Madurai were studied for MHC class II allelic polymorphism by PCR-SSOP method. XI IHWC primers and probes and non-radioactive probing methods were employed., Results: HLA DRB1*1501 and DQB1*0601 predisposed for pulmonary tuberculosis (DRB1*1501: odds ratio (OR) = 2.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.30-5.89, P value (P) = 0.013, aetiological fraction (EF) = 0.17; DQB1*0601: OR = 2.32, CI = 1.29-4.27, P = 0.008, EF = 0.26). Haplotype DRB1*1501-DQB1*0601 was higher in patients (1324 per 10,000, X2 = 27.07) than controls (F = 404/10,000, X2 = 8.84). In a subset of 63 caste matched samples, DPB1*04 was preventive (OR = 0.45, CI = 0.21-0.95, P = 0.036, PF = 0.26): the distributions of DRB1*1501-DQB1*0601-DPB1*04 phenotypes were different between patients and controls (P = 0.0092). These alleles were predominant in patients and controls of T5SU caste., Conclusion: HLA-DRB1*1501 and DQB1*0601 predisposed to sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis, and DPB1*04 was preventive and epistatic to this risk. Caste T5SU is an ideal model to study immunology of tuberculosis.