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Background: Adolescence is the phase of life between childhood and adulthood, from ages of 10 -19 years, during which thyroid disorders peak and mostly goes undetected. Hence, there is a need for evaluation of thyroid functions in this age group. Objective: To assess the thyroid status of adolescents aged 10-19 years coming to a tertiary care Centre. Material and Methods: This cross sectional analytical study was conducted among adolescents between the age of 10-19 years who attended the Department of Paediatrics at JSS Hospital, a tertiary care centre in Mysuru, Karnataka, India. Duration of study was 18 Month. Consecutive Sampling technique was used. Results: Family history of hypothyroidism was seen in 2% of study subjects. Subclinical hypothyroidism(14%) was the most common thyroid abnormality followed by subclinical hyperthyroidism (3.3%). Conclusion: In our study, subclinical hypothyroidism is the most common presentation of thyroid abnormalities in adolescents. Hence, thyroid function test is strongly recommended to identify the thyroid abnormalities & early initiation of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cholelithiasis is a disease prevalent worldwide because of an imbalance of bile salt and cholesterol concentrations that leads to precipitation inside the gallbladder. Gall stones are the most common biliary pathology both in India and western countries. Recent studies concentrate on gall stones and thyroid hormones - T3 and T4 have an effect on both bile content and bile flow. Patients with hypothyroidism have a serum level of cholesterol approximately 50% higher level than in euthyroid patients and 90% of all hypothyroid patients have elevated cholesterol level. Likewise, low levels of t4 have an effect in relaxing the sphincter of odds, leading to biliary stasis and stone formation. The aim of the study: To check thyroid status in patients who are diagnosed with gallstone disease, thereby dividing into euthyroid, hypothyroid, hyperthyroid and subclinically hypothyroid, correlating the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with cholelithiasis. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Government Stanley Medical College, Chennai in 2018. Patients were divided according to history, clinical examination, and USG neck and lab estimation of T3, T4, and TSH. Subclinical hypothyroidism: The symptom-free patient with TSH concentration above the upper limit of normal range and T3/T4or both decrease below normal limit. Clinical hypothyroidism: In which there were symptoms of hypothyroidism with TSH level above the upper limit and T3/T4or both decreases below normal limit. Euthyroid group: Where clinical and lab tests were within normal range. Results: The predominant age group was 51-60 years constituting 36.67% of patients. Youngest patient age was 21 years and the oldest was 80 years of age. Of the 60 patients, the majority of patients were euthyroid status 52 (86.67%). 6 (10%) patients were subclinical hypothyroidism, 2 (3.33%) were clinical hypothyroidism. Of the 60 patients, 52 were diagnosed with gallstone only and 8 were diagnosed with gallstone and CBD stones. In this study, hyperlipidemia was present in 7 of the hypothyroidism. Conclusion: There is a relationship between thyroid dysfunction particularly hypothyroidism and gallstone diseases. Hypothyroidism is seen more in GB stones patients compare with CBD stone patients. Subclinical hypothyroidism is more common than clinical hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism has a higher prevalence in females than males. High cholesterol levels are seen in gallstone disease with thyroid dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]