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Background: Bariatric surgery, besides causing significant weight reduction, leads to improvement in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there is a scarcity of data on the prediction of diabetes resolution in non-Western population. Objective: To evaluate the impact of bariatric surgery on T2DM and to assess the accuracy of pre-operative scoring systems in predicting remission. Study Setting: A tertiary care academic centre, India. Methodology: We used a retrospective cohort of all diabetic patients (n = 244) who underwent bariatric surgery at our centre in the past 10 years. The cohort was followed up for diabetes remission, and pre-operative scoring systems were analysed against the observed results. Results: Of 244 patients, we were able to contact 156 patients. The median period of follow-up was 38 months. The mean body mass index (BMI) of the study group decreased from 45.4 to 33.4 kg/m2 (%excess BMI loss = 61.2%). The number of patients dependent on oral anti-diabetic pharmacotherapy and on insulin decreased from 133 (85.3%) to 40 (25.6%) and from 31 (19.9%) to 7 (4.5%), respectively. Remission was analysed for 96 patients, who submitted complete biochemical investigations. The median follow-up period for this sub-cohort was 36 months. 38 (39.6%) patients were in complete remission, 15 (15.6%) patients in partial remission and 34 (38.5%) patients showed an improved glycaemic control. The three pre-operative scores, Advanced-DiaRem, DiaRem and ABCD, showed predictive accuracies of 81.1%, 75.6% and 77.8%, respectively. Conclusions: Besides leading to excess BMI loss of 61.2%, bariatric surgery also resulted in diabetes remission in 55.2% of the patients. Amongst various pre-operative scores, Advanced-DiaRem has the highest predictive accuracy for T2DM remission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Metabolic surgery is gaining popularity as a procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of metabolic surgery on beta cell function, insulin sensitivity and glycemic status in obese Asian Indian patients., Methods: This is a prospective study of 26 patients with T2DM who underwent metabolic surgery. Complete diabetes remission was defined as FPG<100 mg/dl and HbA1c < 6%, without antidiabetic medications one-year post surgery. Anthropometry, HOMA-IR (insulin resistance), HOMA-insulin sensitivity, beta cell function and antidiabetic drug usage were measured at baseline, 6 months and 12 months post-surgery., Results: The overall duration of diabetes was 10.3 ± 5.4 years. At one year, 7 (27%) of 26 T2DM patients, achieved diabetes remission while the other 19 had improvement in diabetes status. ROC curves showed that those who had diabetes duration <8.5 years achieved remission. There was a significant decrease in HOMA-IR [3.7 ± 1.8 vs 1.4 ± 0.9 vs1.2 ± 0.6, p < 0.001] and improvement in HOMA-Insulin sensitivity [34 ± 17 vs 93 ± 50 vs 112 ± 62, p < 0.001] from baseline to 6 and 12 months post-surgery respectively. There was a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in the usage of anti-diabetes medications post-surgery. The limitations of this study are small sample size and limited follow up period of 1 year., Conclusions: Among T2DM patients, metabolic surgery resulted in significant improvement in beta cell function and insulin sensitivity along with reduction in anti-diabetes medication. Diabetes remission was mainly seen in those who had duration of diabetes <8.5 years., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: Prospective data was evaluated to see whether bariatric procedure type made any difference to diabetes remission., Methods: One hundred eighty-six consecutive patients of Indian ethnicity (M:F 89:97) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and HbA1c > 6.5 were assessed before and at 1 year following surgery. Age, BMI, C-peptide and duration of diabetes (ABCD - described by WJ Lee), insulin use, baseline HbA1c, and % weight loss were tested as modifiers. We present remission rates (HbA1c ≤ 6.0%) and between group remission odds ratio (OR) and adjusted OR after controlling for key modifiers., Results: Patients selecting RYGB (n = 113) vs SG (n = 73) were older (50.7 vs 44.2 years), had a lower BMI (44.1 vs 46.7), lower C-peptide (3.5 vs 4.7 ng/ml), greater duration of diabetes (8 vs 3 years), and higher HbA1c (8.90 and 7.9%) respectively p < 0.05 for all (combined R 2  = 0.38). Weight loss at 1 year was 27 and 30% for RYGB and SG respectively (p = 0.01). Remission at 1 year was achieved by 37% of patient selecting RYGB and 74% for the SG (OR = 0.21, 95% CI 0.11-0.41, p < 0.001). After adjusting for ABCD, the adjusted OR (AOR) still favored the SG (AOR = 0.32, 0.14-0.74, p = 0.01), and adjustment for HbA1c and weight loss (AOR 0.4, 0.17-0.95, p = 0.038) attenuated the effect., Conclusion: The analysis suggests SG may be superior to RYGB in this Indian population. Ethnicity may play a role in predicting the response to bariatric surgery and hence the choice of procedure. A randomized controlled trial is needed to clarify the relative benefit.