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This study aims to determine the feasibility of Instagram-based chemistry learning media and the results of increasing student interest in learning acid-base material in everyday life with a multi-representation approach. The method used in this study is the ADDIE research and development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The research population is SMAN 3 Sidoarjo students, with the sample used being 89 students who carry out learning using Instagram in acid-base material in everyday life. Quantitative data was obtained from material and media validation results, as well as an analysis of student interest in learning before and after using the media. Qualitative data were obtained by analyzing descriptive questions of student learning interest in chemistry questionnaires. The results of the research on developing Instagram-based chemistry learning media on acid-base materials in everyday life with a multi-representation approach were obtained: 1) the feasibility of learning media developed based on the results of the assessment of materials and media by expert validators was included in the very feasible category; 2) the increase in students' learning motivation is in the medium category with a standard gain value of 0.40.

This research aims to improve the numeracy abilities of secondary students after using the Labirin: the board game and students' perceptions of mathematics learning using the game. This empirical study research used a one-group pretest posttest design. The research population is all grade-8 students in one of the Islamic public secondary schools (MTsN) in Serang City. The sample is 76 students from two classes as the experimental class who implemented the game in learning mathematics. The instruments used to collect the data are the numeracy ability tests and students' perception questionnaires. Before use, both instruments are tested for validity and reliability. The findings showed that the students' numeracy abilities improved after implementing the game and helped students to learn mathematics easily, especially in whole numbers and fractions. In addition, the student's understanding is also achieved. The implementation of the game also showed that this learning media helps students learn in the classroom and interest in using the game. It can be concluded that, the Labirin: the board game improved the student's numeracy ability.

The construction of an organization aims to enhance the performance and versatility of the organization for society. Consequently, as a platform for training human resources, universities have to develop constantly, following the community's insistence. In 2022, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology specified there are 21 state universities with legal entities. The status of a state university with a legal entity presents extensive autonomy in the field of academic, asset, and financial management. Besides, the universities also carry an obligation for university management to develop their institution, which is in accordance with Formal Model of Educational Management by Bush (2011). This model implies that organizations have a hierarchical structure and that predefined goals are pursued using a reasonable way. This study aims to identify the dominant variables for the state university with legal entity development. The method that used in this study is literature review by Tranfield, Denyer, & Smart (2003) with a case analysis involving a number of universities. The analysis results found that the dominant variables in the universities' development included the organization structure, working mechanism or organizational guidelines, the organizational climate and culture, along with the use of technology devices.

This study aims to determine the need for multitiered diagnostic instruments to identify misconceptions and their causes, as well as multi-representational profiles in chemistry lessons starting from grade 10 in the initial to the final material for grade 12. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive, namely descriptive analysis. Systematic and factual facts are investigated by collecting data, processing and analyzing. The instruments used have been validated by expert lecturers and received improvements in the diction of the question sentences. The subjects used in this study were several chemistry teachers in East Java, totalling 67 teachers who were taken by random sampling. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires distributed using the media google form. The results of the analysis found that diagnostic assessments in chemistry subjects were made up to the macroscopic, submicroscopic, and symbolic levels with a percentage of 93%; it is necessary to apply diagnostic assessments to all chemistry learning topics with a percentage of 61%, diagnostic assessments in chemistry subjects must be carried out in a multitiered manner level 5 with a percentage of 79%.

Analytical chemistry is one of the chemical materials that is considered difficult by students. The application of multi-representational proximity in delivering analytical chemistry material can make it easier for students to understand the material. The purpose of research and development is to produce Instagram- and TikTok-based learning media products on qualitative analysis materials for class I and II cations with a multi-representational approach, testing the feasibility of learning media in the form of Instagram and TikTok learning content, and to find out the response of students to the learning media. This research uses ADDIE research and development design. The ADDIE development model consists of five stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. At the development stage, validation of media and material experts by lecturers of the chemistry department, State University of Malang, as well as teacher chemistry SMKN 7 Malang continued the readability test on 52 students of class XI Analytical Chemistry 1 and 2. The questionnaires used are quantitative, processed with a Likert scale. The results of this research and development are in the form of learning content on the qualitative analysis material of group I and II cations uploaded on Instagram and TikTok, with a "very decent" validation value in general display, receiving a percentage of 84%; in presenting the material, 84%, the "very feasible" category; and in the results of the questionnaire, student responses are classified as "very good," with a percentage of 81%. Instagram- and TikTok-based learning media are very feasible to use, and students show that Instagram- and TikTok-based learning media are very interesting when coupled with explanations interspersed with songs, helping readers who have auditory properties, so that students understand, are interested, and have fun learning with digital methods.

This study describes the characteristics of the test and its items used in the national-standardized school examination by applying classical test theory and focusing on the item difficulty, item discrimination, test reliability, and distractor analysis. We analyzed response data of 191 12th graders from one of public senior high schools in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia,to the examination on the elective mathematics subject. The results showed that both multiple-choice and essay items contained in the test were at a moderate level of difficulty. The lowest item difficulty index went to the multiple-choice item where students failed in interpreting straight and dashed lines and went to the essay item that required complex intra-mathematical connections. In addition, we only found one item which was poor in distinguishing student competence. Furthermore, students' test scores on multiple-choice and essay items were reliable. Although most multiple-choice items had at least two functioning distractors, it was still found two items whose all distractors were not functioning. In this article, we provide some suggestions concerning improvement towards mathematics learning practices.

Failure to deduce false suppositions in proof by contradiction is still considered "more difficult" than proving the conditional ?? to ?? in proof by contraposition. This study aims to identify the types of proof construction failures based on the action steps of proof by contradiction, then offer a framework of construction failure hypothesis specifically used in proof by contradiction. The research data were collected and analyzed from the work of students who have agreed to be research participants, a total of 83 students. The results of the analysis of student work successfully identified four types of failures, namely formulating suppositions, constructing and manipulating suppositions, identifying contradictions, and disproving suppositions. These four types of failures then became the material for the development of the hypothesis framework of a failure to construct proof by contradiction, which consists of 17 hypothesis nodes divided into three main hypotheses, namely: operational (action), affective (emotional), and foundational (logical reasoning). The failure hypothesis framework justifies that the sources of the failure of proof construction in proof by contradiction are understanding of the act of producing a proof by contradiction, emotionality towards the coherence of the construction steps, disproving suppositions, beliefs, use of appropriate definitions-theorems and axioms, and cognitive tension in proof by contradiction; and formal logic of the act of producing a proof by contradiction, as well as differences in the underlying logic with other acts.

Environmental Awareness is a necessity for all age groups, including elementary school students. Proper understanding of ecological issues requires earlier initiation and introduction of students to local-based content. This paper aims to describe the need to integrate the environmental problems based on local wisdom within the elementary school curriculum. The authors seek to guide education planners in Indonesia on how to incorporate environmental issues based on local values or local content in specific subject content for proper awareness creation among the elementary school students. The target is to address gaps in the teaching of environmental education in primary schools across the archipelago. Elementary school students are the future citizens, whose understanding of how the environment works from a localized perspective will help bring about better future environmental management. The study used a survey method, applying two clusters of random sampling techniques. It was conducted in selected elementary schools around Bandung, the capital city of the West Java Province, Indonesia. To collect data, structured questionnaires were used to examine. Later, data was analyzed using simple statistical methods, drawing inferences and descriptive analytics. Conclusively, this study established that specific environmental education themes based on local values and local content need to be included in the elementary school curriculum for more clarity and understanding of topics. The suggested thematic topics should comprise of issues related to overcoming environmental pollution; preventing global warming; wise use of the environment flora and fauna, and appropriate values needed for ecological conservation and sustainability.

Purpose of the study: to find out: 1) basic literacy skills (ability to read, write and count) elementary school early grades students; (2) quality of textbooks in aspects of content, presentation, language, and graphic design; and (3) The significance of the relationship between the quality of textbooks and students' basic literacy skills. Methodology: This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. It was conducted in eight provinces in Indonesia. The sampling technique used stratified random sampling, 805 teachers. Data collection used a questionnaire for elementary school teachers who teach in low grades. The data analysis used descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Main Findings: It was found that there are still relatively many early grades elementary school students who are not fluent in reading, writing, and arithmetic. These students' basic literacy skills have a significant and positive relationship with the quality of textbooks in the aspects of substance, presentation, language, and graphic design. Applications of this study: To improve basic literacy skills (reading, writing, and arithmetic) in early grades elementary school students, it is also necessary to improve the quality of textbooks in the aspects of substance/Content, presentation, language, and graphic design. Novelty/Originality of this study: It was found that there is a significant and positive relationship between basic literacy skills (reading, writing, and arithmetic) of early grades elementary school students and the quality of the textbooks they used both in terms of substance/Content, presentation, language, and graphic design.

This research aims to analyse students' conceptual understanding of chemical equilibrium matter using Physics Education Technology (PhET) Interactive Simulations. Students' misconceptions can be caused by the difficulty in connecting the sub-microscopic, macroscopic, and symbolic levels of understanding in chemistry. The study was conducted at a secondary school with a total sample of 108 students using a quantitative research method. The results showed that multiple-choice questions of the two-tier Chemical Equilibrium Diagnostic Instrument (CEDI) used in this study meet with the Rasch measurement model. The students who answered correctly on content knowledge ranged from 11.1-90.7%. However, the percentage decreased to 11.1-84.3% once the content knowledge and reasons were combined. The option probability curve responses identified the students' misconceptions that were further investigated by interviews. PhET Interactive Simulations require improvements or additional features to help students better understand conceptual understanding through analogies of product and reactant molecules' movement in the equilibrium system.

Integrating Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) and learning technologies can be the potential framework in designing language instruction to enhance learners' listening comprehension and speaking performance. However, not many past studies have explored how technology enhanced TBLT can enhance both listening comprehension and speaking performance of ESP learners. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of TBLT on ESP learners' listening comprehension and speaking performance using a quasi-experiment with nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) control-group design. Ninety-seven ESP learners majoring in a Nursing program participated in the study. Four instruments were used for data collection, namely a listening section of TOEFL test, an online presentation, role-play, and online group discussion. Findings showed that technology implementation enhanced TBLT significantly influenced students' listening comprehension. In a similar vein, ESP learners' speaking performance based on role-play also had considerable improvement. However, concerning ESP learners' online presentations and online group discussions, their speaking performance scores did not improve significantly after receiving this experimental treatment. These findings shed some light on students' involvement in attaining multifarious language inputs related to their listening comprehension due to the authentic and technological learning materials and media. In considering speaking performance enhancement, ESP students could benefit from merging the role-play in ESP instruction with technology enhanced TBLT.

Digital natives are unlimited digital information sources to provide convenience in accessing of digital information sources. It's developed in the Industrial Revolution 4.0, which were marked by the rapid advancement of information technology and which had an abundant impact on people accustomed to receiving high-speed information. The government in the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework policy under Presidential Decree No. 8 of 2012 has outlined the importance of fulfilling educational qualifications for each profile of its graduates to have the competencies needed in the world of work. There needs to be a careful and thorough evaluation step to see whether the campus authorities can meet the competency standards and this problem then motivates researchers to conduct little experiments on using Google Apps to manage office administration and non-conventional learning models by looking at the relationship between the required competency standards and the learning received by students.

This study aims to develop a score equating application for computer-based school exams using parallel test kits with 25% anchor items. The items are arranged according to HOTS (High Order Thinking Skill) category, and use a scientific approach according to the physics lessons characteristics. Therefore, the questions were made using stimulus, options, logical and systematic. This study used Research and Development (R&D) method, which began with an analysis of the current school needs, and takes advantage of technological developments that make it easier for schools to organize. Furthermore, it continues in the literature study to design a school exam model with its devices. The instrument items were analyzed using the RASCH model. In addition, the principle of equating used in application development was the linear equating method.

The quality of teacher learning practices currently continues to be improved through various training programs, mentoring, and evaluations from Indonesian government support. The 21st-century teacher's ability to develop learning technology is a cooperative learning approach and multidisciplinary integration of science to solve surrounding problems. This study describes the effectiveness and benefits of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) in the Automotive Engineering Competency with the Engineering Design Process (EDP) approach in the "motorcycle burglary case studies." This research is a type of pre-experimental design in the form of a pretest-posttest group design. The purposive sampling technique was carried out to find out the sample of students in one of the vocational schools Yogyakarta, Indonesia in 2019. The results showed that (1) the assessment of lesson plan in the form of review and supervision was declared complete; (2) aspects of the STEM-EDP assessment consist of formative tests, the 1st Student Worksheet, the 2nd Student Worksheet, and Products which stated in the seven stages of EDP; (3) Wilcoxon test, Z = -4.86 with significance (p) = 0.00 <0.05, illustrates that STEM-EDP is effective than summative learning, and can improve learning.

The properness of concepts, principles, and biological contents of natural science textbooks is essential. The aim of this research was to compare the biology content of natural science textbooks for VIII graders in second semester. The indicators used to determine the properness were the accuracy of Core Competence/CC and Basic Competence/BC, concept, principle, illustration, and word editing. The textbooks analyzed were those which published by Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture (government) and private publisher. The sample of this qualitative descriptive research was three natural science textbooks which applied Curriculum 2013. The research procedure referred to Milies and Huberman. The results showed that the properness percentages of CC and BC of science textbook published by governmental and private publisher were 86.25% (excellent) and 74.28% (good) respectively. There were inaccuracy of 11 concepts, 1 principle, and 5 illustrations found in the textbooks published by governmental. Furthermore, there were 5 inaccurate concepts found in the textbook published by private publisher. Moreover, there were 37 typographical errors found in the Natural Science Textbooks published by government and none found in the book published by private publisher. Therefore, the textbooks published by private publisher is better than those which by governmental publisher.

Student quest for knowledge does not have to end with donning graduation gown. Lifelong learners embed a burning desire for self-improvement throughout their lives. Though the term may seem especially applicable to the degreed graduate in the workforce with career progression in mind, lifelong learning is necessary across ages and educational as well as professional backgrounds. The Human Resource Development Fund (HRDF) programme, strengthening of lifelong learning for skills enhancement, aims to ensure a continuous supply of quality local human capital through effective initiatives that build and grow a world-class workforce. Such initiatives include capitalizing on studying while working. With strong governmental support, lifelong learning is taking a step forward. An important consideration now is to ensure a successful endeavor, because lifelong learning is taking a step forward. An important consideration now is to ensure a successful requires studying that is parallel to life as well as professional commitments.

East Hall is a historical building situated in the Ganesha Campus of the Bandung Institute of Technology. Metaverse is a light detecting and ranging (LiDAR) technology in digitizing. This study presents an application of Metaverse in the preservation of the East Hall. Through this, the preservation of heritage buildings takes on a new meaning, allowing not only preservation of the physical structure but also capture its history as digital assets. The design process of the method has three key phases: (1) pre-production, which entails the acquisition of data from LiDAR, unmanned aerial vehicles, blueprints, and location photos; (2) production, which involves the meticulous creation of 3D assets through the utilization of SketchUp and Blender software; and (3) post-production, where the metaverse platform is developed using Unreal Engine for the metaverse local network, whereas the VRbased metaverse online network relies on Spatial.io, reflecting its current limitations. This ensures efficiency, while preserving accuracy and detail in representing assets, effectively bridging the gap between the metaverse's local and online platforms, which are yet to be fully supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transjakarta has implemented smart mobility i.e. information technology (IT) and artificial intelligence (AI), and therefore this study focuses on discussing the performance of its smart mobility practices. The measurement of smart mobility performance in Transjakarta was carried out using in-depth analysis for each of the variables such as load factor, travel speed, headway, frequency, waiting time, service time, and circulation time. The perception of Transjakarta passengers was collected using distributed questionnaires in online surveys to obtain public aspirations for smart mobility service performance improvement. A total of 434 respondents filled the questionnaires which were distributed randomly in three bus corridors. As a result, 261 respondents (60,14%) stated that the Passenger Information System (PIS) has given accurate information about the schedule of Transjakarta, while 173 respondents (39,86%) stated otherwise. In conclusion, the service performance in Transjakarta Corridors 1,3, and 9 can be categorized as medium when compared to the official minimum service standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One way to preserve culture in education is through ethnoscience-based learning, especially in chemical materials linked to various fields of science in life, including social and cultural. Ethnoscience is a process of reconstructing indigenous science knowledge with scientific science. This research aims to explore trends in ethnoscience-based chemistry learning in Indonesia and analyze the contents, focusing on topics, learning approaches and models, tools, and variables influenced. The research data collection method adopted the preferred items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) design and obtained from 30 selected articles indicated from 2019-2024 published in journals indexed by Scopus and SINTA. Analysis results show that the process of making batik is one of the ethnoscience topics that are widely used in chemistry learning. Ethnoscience learning can also be done by combining local wisdom (culture), traditional foods, and natural phenomena of the environment. Ethnoscience learning can be integrated into various learning models, such as contextual teaching and learning (CTL), problem-based, and project-based learning (PjBL). Learning tools often used in ethnoscience-based chemistry learning are modules, evaluation instruments, and worksheets. Ethnoscience is interesting to learn because it positively affects critical thinking and creativity, cultural and conservation character, and scientific literacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing wildlife awareness is a commonly used approach in community conservations programs. However, in Indonesia, this approach has rarely been quantitatively evaluated for its effectiveness. In North Flores, we carried out a short Komodo dragon ("Varanus komodoensis") conservation awareness program for elementary school students. The program used a mixed communication approach combining an anthropomorphic storybook and factual information about Komodo behavior delivered through a presentation and a video. The results from this initial study showed that the program had improved students' knowledge of Komodo dragon biology and conservation efforts.

This study is the first to investigate and validate the psychometric properties of an Indonesian translation of the Student Performance Opportunity of Competence Development (SPOCD) questionnaire that covers five key competencies related to the mathematics learning process, namely: (1) thinking; (2) relating to others; (3) using language, symbols and text; (4) managing self, and; (5) participating and contributing. The SPOCD questionnaire comprises 30 items, with a 5-point Likert scale. A total of 1413 Indonesian high-school students (46.4% male, 53.6% female) from three regions (eastern, western and central Indonesia), aged from 16 to 19 years and ranging from the 10th to the 12th grade, completed the SPOCD questionnaire. A Rasch rating scale model (RSM) and confirmatory factor analysis were applied to evaluate the psychometric characteristics and factor structure of the SPOCD questionnaire. The results indicated that assumptions of unidimensionality, local independence and monotonicity of the SPOCD questionnaire were met. In the Rasch RSM assessment, the SPOCD questionnaire response set worked well, matched the threshold estimates and functioned as an appropriate model for the response categories. The SPOCD questionnaire showed excellent psychometric characteristics for use in measuring the development of competence in middle school students in Indonesia.

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of different types of healthcare and insurance on the health of Indonesian youth. The study employs logistic regression, a statistical method used to analyze relationships between variables and predict outcomes. Data were collected through an Indonesia’s National Socio-Economic Survey, which gathers information from individuals within a household. The findings reveal that Indonesia’s National Health Insurance (with or without subsidies) reduces the likelihood of children being hospitalized. Families enrolled in the program, often from low- to middle-income backgrounds with limited access to healthcare, benefit significantly from this initiative, which provides affordable and essential health services. This program allows these families to access healthcare that would otherwise be unaffordable. However, private and employer-sponsored insurance did not reduce hospitalization rates, likely because families in these plans already benefit from better overall health, nutrition and access to health-promoting activities. In contrast, children without insurance are more likely to be hospitalized due to their location and economic and financial constraints. Other determinant factors affecting children’s health included age, sex, parent’s education, smoking behavior and house location. The results showed that older children were generally healthier, children of well-educated and non-smoking parents were less likely to be hospitalized and those living in urban areas had a higher likelihood of hospitalization than those in rural areas. This study highlights the importance of expanding access to health insurance and promoting parental education and non-smoking behavior to improve children’s overall health. Failing to address these issues could create challenges for the future, given that the current young generation will eventually become the nation’s leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic growth modeling is one of the methods a government can use to formulate appropriate economic policies to improve the prosperity of its people. Differential equations and stochastic models play a major role in studying economic growth. This article aims to conduct a literature review on the use of differential equations in relation to stochastics to model economic growth. In addition, this article also discusses the use of differential and stochastic equations in economic growth models in Indonesia. This study involves searching for and selecting articles to obtain a collection of research works relevant to the application of differential and stochastic equations to economic growth models, supported by bibliometric analysis. The results of this literature review show that there is still little research discussing economic growth models using differential equations combined with stochastic models, especially those applied in Indonesia. While the application of these models remains relatively limited, their potential to offer deeper insights into the complex dynamics of economic growth is undeniable. By further developing and refining these models, we can gain a more comprehensive understanding of the factors driving growth and the potential implications of various economic policies. This will ultimately equip policy-makers with a more powerful analytical tool for making informed decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to predict the stock industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) based on financial reports using the Random Forest method. The dataset used in this research includes financial data from companies listed on the IDX in the period 2010 to 2022. The data processing process includes data cleaning, handling class imbalance with oversampling techniques using SMOTE, and feature scaling using StandardScaler. The Random Forest model is used to classify companies into appropriate industry sectors. The evaluation results show that the model has good performance with an overall accuracy of 80.21%. Several classes showed very good performance, such as the Financials class with precision of 95.24%, recall of 100%, and F-1 score of 97.56%. However, some classes show lower performance, such as the Healthcare class with a precision of 51.61% and an F-1 score of 61.54%. The confusion matrix indicates that the model can identify most classes accurately, although there are several classes with prediction errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A fishway is an engineered structure designed to help fish navigate past artificial barriers in rivers such as dams, weirs and regulators. An effective fishway design requires an understanding of fish biodiversity and migration requirements of the local community.To support the conceptual design of a fishway at Caringin Weir in the Cibareno River in Indonesia, we conducted a fish biodiversity assessment using experimental fishing and an eDNA metabarcoding survey.In early 2022, experimental fishing was conducted at six sampling sites upstream and downstream of the planned weir, and the sites were surveyed seven times during the wet and dry seasons. Environmental DNA sampling was conducted once during the wet season at each of the six sites.A total of 72 aquatic species were detected, comprising 40 fish species and seven crustacean species captured during experimental fishing and 36 fish species identified through eDNA metabarcoding. Twelve fish species (18.46%) were detected using both methods. The total number of all species caught and species richness in experimental fishing varied significantly between upstream and downstream areas (p < 0.05), but there were no significant differences between seasons (p > 0.05). There was also a significant difference in the species richness upstream and downstream using eDNA metabarcoding (p < 0.05). There were also numerous diadromous species, further highlighting the need for an effective fishway design to enable these species to complete their migrations.Based on the species present, migratory behaviour and economic importance, we prioritised six fish and crustacean species to be considered during fishway design: Anguilla marmorata, Tor tambra, Barbodes binotatus, Sicyopterus sp., Rhyacichthys aspro and Macrobrachium sp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia suffers significant economic losses from floods, and state budget allocations are often inadequate. Flood bonds provide an alternative funding source, but the pricing framework is complex due to simultaneous flood and financial risk considerations. Therefore, this study aims to model flood bond prices as an alternative flood funding in Indonesia. The model is formulated using the risk-neutral-pricing measure with the stochastic assumption of the force of interest. The claim trigger is represented as maximum rainfall, which is modeled as a continuous-stochastic process with a discrete-time index. Given the varying patterns of rainy and dry seasons, we assume both durations are dynamic. Then, we provide the approximate model solution for the government to estimate bond prices quickly. This estimation shows that the bond's trigger point is proportional to the bond prices. Additionally, bond prices are proportional to the dry season duration and inversely proportional to the rainy season duration. We also show that using a stochastic force of interest yields significant differences from a constant one except for the constant as data average. This study can help the Indonesian government price flood bonds and provide more tools for related meteorological and climatological institutions to calculate the probability of future maximum rainfall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efforts towards women's liberation began in the 19th century when the demand for rights and education increased in Indonesia. This study explores the dynamics of gender law that affect legal protection for women in Indonesia, especially in Cirebon City. Using a qualitative approach, data is analyzed from a variety of sources, including laws, policies, and legal practices. The results highlight challenges such as gender-based violence, discrimination, and limited access to health and education services. The proposed policy implications include harmonization of legislation, strengthening the role of the government and civil society, increasing gender awareness, and better legal protection for women. The conclusion indicate that women in Indonesia, particularly in Cirebon City, continue to encounter significant challenges, including violence, discrimination, and restricted access to health and education services. Although strides have been made in empowering women, there remains a need for more robust efforts to enhance legal protections, raise awareness of women's rights, and combat gender bias. Key actions include harmonizing legislation, strengthening the roles of the government and civil society, increasing gender sensitivity, and providing stronger legal safeguards for women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The principle of good faith is a fundamental basis for establishing contractual relationships, including trade contracts in Indonesia. The application of this principle is important to create a conducive, fair and transparent business climate. The purpose of this study is to examine the application of the principle of good faith in trade contracts in Indonesia. This research uses qualitative research methods by collecting data using literature review techniques. then after the data is collected, it is analyzed using steps such as selecting data, presenting data and finally making conclusions. The research findings show that the implementation of the principle of good faith in trade contracts in Indonesia is regulated in Article 1338 paragraph (3) of the Civil Code, which emphasizes the importance of the principle of good faith and fair dealing in the entire contract process, starting from negotiation, contract arrangement, contract implementation, to dissolution. contract. In Indonesian law, good faith is applied not only during contract implementation but also in the pre-contract stage, namely before the contract is signed. This is important to protect the parties involved in the transaction from losses. The use of the good faith principle in commercial contracts in Indonesia has also been applied in several judicial cases, such as in life insurance contracts, where the court ensured that the good faith principle was applied to protect the rights of the parties involved. Apart from that, the principle of good faith is also applied in the choice of law for foreign direct investment contracts Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic growth denotes a sustained increase in a nation's production of goods and services, functioning as a crucial indicator of economic vitality and advancement. This phenomenon reflects improved living standards, such as elevated income levels and enhanced prosperity. This study investigates the moderating role of investment and zakat in the relationship between poverty and economic growth. Utilising annual panel data from 30 provinces from 2018-2022, this study employs Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) to examine how zakat influences this relationship. This analysis aims to determine whether zakat amplifies or diminishes the impact of poverty on economic growth. The findings reveal that domestic and foreign investment has distinct effects on economic growth with varying impacts across different contexts. Poverty was found to have a significant negative effect on economic growth, underscoring the importance of addressing poverty in fostering sustainable development. Zakat demonstrated a significant negative moderating effect on the relationship between poverty and economic growth. This suggests that, under current management practices, zakat may not be as effective in alleviating poverty or supporting growth as intended. Based on these results, this study recommends improving zakat management in Indonesia, highlighting its potential to play a more substantial role in poverty reduction and economic development. Strengthening the administration and distribution of zakat could enhance its effectiveness in promoting equitable growth and reducing poverty, ultimately contributing to a more inclusive and prosperous economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Striped wallago catfish (Wallago leerii), a freshwater catfish species with high economic value, has been extensively exploited in Indonesia. Therefore, domestication is necessary to ensure the sustainability of this species through a hormonal approach. This research aimed to evaluate hormonal treatments on the bioreproductive and physiological parameters of broodstocks during domestication. Collected broodstocks from Kampar River, Indonesia, were adapted in semiconcrete ponds and fed daily with live tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and bonylip barb (Osteochilus vittatus) fingerlings at a rate of 5% weight of biomass per day. Selected broodstocks (length:55.59 ± 5.21 cm; weight:1.60 ± 0.53 kg) were randomly divided into three experimental grdoups with four replicates each. Each group was injected with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), Spawnprime™, and Ovaprim™ hormones (0.1 mL/kg body weight). Egg sizes, fecundity, fertility rate, hatching rate, embryo development, and estradiol, glucose, hemoglobin, and cortisol levels were analyzed. HCG and Ovaprim™ treatment led to significant improvements in egg diameter compared to Spawnprime™ (p < 0.05). This finding was supported by an increase in estradiol levels (p < 0.05). However, HCG and Ovaprim™ did not reach optimal performance, as shown by the low fertility rates (9.83–12.33%), hatching rates (24.06–34.17%), and larval abnormalities. Hormone injection did not significantly impact the glucose level for all treatments (p > 0.05). On the other hand, hemoglobin was significantly lower in the HCG- and Ovaprim-treated broodstocks at the end of the experiment (p < 0.05), while the other treatments did not show significant differences (p > 0.05). Significant differences in cortisol levels were identified in all treatments (p < 0.05), except for the HCG-treated broodstocks (p > 0.05). In conclusion, HCG and Ovaprim™ improved striped wallago catfish gonadal maturation up to artificial spawning, whereas Spawnprime™ had a weak effect. The usage of hormones on gonadal maturation impacted some of their physiological parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The living criminal code must comply with and not clash with the broad principles of law accepted by civilised countries, according to Article 2 paragraph (2) of the Draught Criminal Code. As mentioned above, the broad concepts of law recognised by civilised nations are utilised to evaluate the current criminal law system. This essay explains, qualifies, and emphasises the importance of applying universal legal concepts to the general principles of law recognised by civilised nations and incorporating them into criminal law to improve it. Locally implemented customary law makes up live criminal law. A civilised nation recognises general legal concepts in international law, which international bodies apply globally. The two concepts seem disconnected, rendering them unsuitable as touchstones and separate concepts. Basic legal concepts in civilised countries' general principles of law and living criminal law are the link between the two. Extending and qualifying legal notions is the biggest challenge in implementing the law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing demand for land development due to human activities has fueled urbanization. However, uncontrolled urban development in some regions has resulted in urban environmental problems arising from an imbalance between supply and demand. This study aims to develop an integrated model for evaluating and prioritizing the management of hazardous urban sprawl in the Bandung metropolitan region of Indonesia. The novelty of this study lies in its pioneering application of long-term remote sensing data-based and machine learning techniques to formulate an urban sprawl priority index. This index is unique in its consideration of the impacts stemming from human economic activity, environmental degradation, and multi-disaster levels as integral components. The analysis of hazardous urban sprawl across three distinct time periods (1985–1993, 1993–2008, and 2008–2018) revealed that the 1993–2008 period had the highest increase in human economic activity, reaching 172,776 ha. The 1985–1993 period experienced the highest level of environmental degradation in the study area. Meanwhile, the 1993–2008 period showed the highest concentration of multi-hazard locations. The combined model of hazardous urban sprawl, incorporating the three parameters, indicated that the highest priority for intervention was on the outskirts of urban areas, specifically in West Bandung Regency, Cimahi, Bandung Regency, and East Bandung Regency. Regions with high-priority indices require greater attention from the government to mitigate the negative impacts of hazardous urban sprawl. This model, driven by the urban sprawl priority index, is envisioned to regulate urban movement in a more sustainable manner. Through the efficient monitoring of urban environments, the study seeks to guarantee the preservation of valuable natural resources while promoting sustainable urban development practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crucial issues related to the protection and supervision of Indonesian migrant workers (PMI) working abroad. In the context of the Indonesian economy, PMI has an important role in generating economic contributions to the country and providing economic benefits for their families in Indonesia. Constitutional foundations, such as Article 27 paragraph (2) and Article 28D paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution, as well as the Indonesian Migrant Manpower Law No. 18 of 2017, have provided a clear legal framework on the obligations of local governments in regulating, fostering, implementing, and protecting the rights of migrant workers. However, there are still obstacles and violations that often occur in sending workers abroad, such as unsettled wage payments and contract problems. This study aims to analyze local government supervision of labor supply companies in Cirebon Regency and identify common violations in sending workers abroad along with the necessary solutions. The research findings highlight the importance of increased supervision, stricter law enforcement, and cross-border collaboration to protect and improve migrant workers' working conditions, and make it the basis for recommending further measures for the welfare of Indonesian migrant workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the relationship between returns and risk of Islamic stock under stable economic conditions, crises, and pandemics within the scope of Indonesian and Asian Islamic capital markets. How do economic conditions affect the risks and returns of investors in the Indonesian and Asian Islamic capital markets? Verification of the veracity of the Islamic capital market serves as a more resilient option for alternative investments. This study uses Granger causality to determine exogenous and endogenous variables when building the model. The model that is formed is then analyzed using regression with dummy variables of stable economic conditions, crises, and pandemics. The first research findings on differences in crisis, stable and pandemic times in the Asian stock market show that there is no significant difference in effect between stable times and during a crisis, but there are differences in the effect during stable and pandemic times. The second research finding states that the return on Asian market Shariah stocks has no influence on increasing or reducing the value of risk or value at risk. The third finding explains that Islamic stocks in Indonesia have a greater risk value during pandemics and crises than in stable times, but the effect of pandemic and crisis conditions is not as great as Islamic stocks in Asia as a whole. In order to stabilize markets and reduce risks, regulatory bodies and governments frequently employ a variety of actions during times of crisis. When applied to trading volume, risk, and return patterns, these findings can help determine the appropriate policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been widely acknowledged that autonomy significantly impacts English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' learning outcomes in many ways, but relatively few studies have examined learners' readiness for autonomy and online learning in a single inquiry. This study attempts to address three vital issues, namely, the relationship between learner readiness for autonomy and online learning from the perspectives of EFL teachers using Learners' Readiness for Autonomy (LRA) and Learners' Readiness for Online Learning (LROL) questionnaires, as well as their practices and challenges in implementing autonomy during online learning practices. One hundred and fifty-seven Indonesian EFL teachers from East Java Province in Indonesia were surveyed to view their learners' readiness for autonomy and online learning and draw on their practices and challenges in implementing autonomy and online learning. Mixed methods combining a quantitative survey approach using a structural equation modeling (SEM) and a qualitative approach applying thematic analysis from interviews were employed. The results revealed a high correlation between learners' readiness for autonomy and online learning. Further, the EFL teachers rated their learners' autonomy level as developing level of autonomy and online learning. The specific dimension of these points is also elaborated in this article. The learners were also perceived to be psychologically ready for autonomy and online learning but, technically and behaviorally, were not. Meanwhile, the opinions of the EFL teachers regarding autonomy and online learning practices and challenges showed that only a few reported successful practices but that most of them needed to be more successful and aware of autonomy practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to design a quadratic optimization model of an investment portfolio based on value-at-risk (VaR) by entering risk-free assets and company liabilities. The designed model develops Markowitz's investment portfolio optimization model with risk aversion. Model development was carried out using vector and matrix equations. The entry of risk-free assets and liabilities is essential. Risk-free assets reduce the loss risk, while liabilities accommodate a fundamental analysis of the company's condition. The model can be applied in various sectors of capital markets worldwide. This study applied the model to Indonesia's mining and energy sector. The application results show that risk aversion negatively correlates with the mean and VaR of the return of investment portfolios. Assuming that risk aversion is in the 5.1% to 8.2% interval, the maximum mean and VaR obtained for the next month are 0.0103316 and 0.0138270, respectively, while the minimum mean and VaR are 0.0102964 and 0.0137975, respectively. The finding of this study is that the vector equation for investment portfolio weights is obtained, which can facilitate calculating investment portfolio weight optimization. This study is expected to help investors control the quality of appropriate investment, especially in some stocks in Indonesia's mining and energy sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regulation of illegal buildings is a common problem in various cities in Indonesia, including Cirebon City. These buildings are often constructed without official permission from local governments, leading to issues such as insecurity, environmental damage, and discomfort for the surrounding community. This study aims to evaluate the role of the Civil Service Police Unit in regulating these buildings and identify the factors influencing the success of their efforts. The research employs a normative juridical method, examining the norms and rules related to the issue, combined with a sociological approach through direct observation and interviews. The findings indicate that while the Civil Service Police Unit has made efforts to regulate illegal buildings in Cirebon City, their efforts have not been optimal. Challenges include a lack of personnel, inadequate infrastructure, limited budget, and low public awareness of local regulations. However, supporting factors such as the quality of human resources and effective internal and external coordination and communication exist. It is recommended that the Cirebon City Civil Service Police Unit enhance public awareness through socialization of local regulations, increase the budget, improve facilities and infrastructure, and enforce strict sanctions against violators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This study aims to analyze the impact of economic variables on mudharabah savings in an Islamic financial environment. The main focus of this study is on three key factors: people's income, profit sharing rate, and inflation rate. The approach applied is quantitative as continuous data or time series. The sources collected are secondary data from various Islamic banking institutions obtained in the financial statements released by the Otoritas Jasa Keuangan from 2017 to 2022, so that a sample of 7 Islamic commercial banks was obtained by purposive sampling processed and analyzed using SPSS 25 software. Overall, this study explores the variables of public income, profit sharing rate, and inflation on mudharabah savings. Based on the explanation of the findings of this study, it is revealed that partially the variables of public income and profit sharing rate have a significant influence on mudharabah savings, while in this context there is no evidence to suggest that inflation has an effect on mudharabah savings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to examine how law enforcement is applied in Indonesia's sociological context. The results of the investigation indicate that community involvement is necessary for the application of law enforcement in the sociological sphere. It is believed that the community's participation and involvement in law enforcement can be used as a controlling factor when making decisions about the appropriateness of punishment for lawbreakers. The community can play a major role in reducing the number of legal infractions and deviations from unlawful acts that have become sociological phenomena by actively participating in the monitoring, supervision, and evaluation of the law enforcement practices in this nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]