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The purpose of this study is to make a comparison between training culture in the perspective of digital technology and the approach of middle and upper volleyball coaches in Hong Kong and Indonesia to get reflection or feedback, as well as recommendations from the research results obtained for improvement. The quality of coaches in both countries. Comparative study research method with a questionnaire instrument. Data analysis used t test, or different test. The sample used in this study is a purposive sample from the two countries with the subject being a volleyball coach who practices at high school or equivalent. Data analysis was carried out by comparing the average differences in respondents' answers regarding the use of digital technology and training culture and training style between the two countries. The higher the average, the better the culture and style of training in a country. Data normality analysis with Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Homogeneity with Lavene's Test. The research subjects were 85 high school volleyball extracurricular coaches in Indonesia, and 22 coaches from Hong Kong. The findings of the research results Sig.(2-tailed) value (0.038 < 0.05) there is a significant difference between the culture and coaching style of volleyball coaches in Indonesia and coaches in Hong Kong. There are significant differences between culture and coaching styles in the context of digital technology in volleyball practice in Indonesian and Hong Kong high schools.

The aim of this study was to develop an application-based assessment tool for evaluating motor perception learning in children with intellectual disabilities who attend elementary classes in State Special Schools in Yogyakarta City. The tool was designed to align with the characteristics of these children and determine their mastery of motor perception activities in the educational context. The measurement instruments were designed based on the underlying concept of the research, and the items were structured as follows: (1) Sensory awareness, which assessed the children's ability to identify and select balls of different sizes; (2) Balance awareness, which involved the children climbing blocks over a 5-meter distance; (3) Space awareness, which examined the children's ability to form shapes (circles, triangles, and rectangles) using body movements; (4) Body awareness, which evaluated the children's knowledge of the functions of different body parts (feet, hands, eyes, and ears); (5) Time awareness, which assessed the children's throwing and catching abilities using light and heavy balls; and (6) Directional awareness, which tested the children's ability to throw the ball in different directions (up, down, front, and back). The results indicated that the motor perception activity evaluation tool consisted of six items, each of which assessed the mastery of motor perception in children with intellectual disabilities who attend elementary classes. The validity of the test was found to be 0.720, and the reliability was 0.837. In conclusion, this research successfully developed an application-based learning evaluation tool and established motor perception assessment norms for children with intellectual disabilities attending elementary grades in State Special Schools in Yogyakarta City. These tools can be utilized by physical education teachers to assess the motor perception activities of children with intellectual disabilities in an educational setting.

Women have a strategic role in managing and exploiting environmental potential. However, women particularly in tourism still face many obstacles in terms of capital resources, transformation and information, as well as the knowledge and skills of managing local potential. Through the action research method, this activity attempted to investigate whether digital literacy-based information technology can be used as an empowerment model for women in tourist villages. The study showed that technology may be used by women in tourist villages to expose their culinary products. This action was community based and it was found that it could trigger a group of women to continue learning and adapting with the current trends of marketing. The technology used to increase women's skills in tourist villages was through the introduction and examples of several social media applications that can be used for tourist attraction. It can be concluded that women should be encouraged to be digitally literate and able to access a wide range of learning resources.

Eco-literacy play a crucial role in instilling awareness in children about the importance of protecting the environment. The purpose of this study was to describe the profile of nature school students' eco-literacy. The research method used qualitative research with a case study approach. The research subjects were selected through the purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques in this study were questionnaires, observation, interviews, tests, and document study. The data analysis technique employed in this study was the interactive data analysis technique. The results revealed that: (1) cognitive aspects were quite good, indicated by a systematic understanding of nature; (2) emotional aspects were good, shown by high caring and empathy; (3) spiritual aspects were good, indicated by the attitude of respecting nature; (4) high activity aspects, shown by ability to apply ecological knowledge into life practices. This research concludes that the profile of eco-literacy in nature school was quite good.

Parent involvement has become very important in successful children's education. The activities showing parent involvement can not be separated from lifelong education. Therefore, the focus of this research is was on non-formal and informal education in achieving one of the sustainable development goals. Then, this study described parent involvement activities in senior high schools as a model of partnership. This research was qualitative in nature, employing a case study method. The results of this study concerning parent involvement in the education of their teenage children could be seen from the forms of parental support they gave in their children's activities either at school or at home. It is shown that in terms of parent involvement at school, parents from the upper -- middle social-economic status gave more participation in the forms of funds and energy. From both activities, the researchers classified involvement patterns into three, namely habituation, academic involvement, and self-concept.

This study aimed to describe the profile of the students' social skills of Bengawan Solo nature elementary school. The study was qualitatively conducted as a case study. The participants were teachers and students who were chosen by employing a purposive sampling technique. The data were obtained through observations, questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis. This study employed an interactive model data analysis included: data validating, data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The conclusions of the study comprise: (1) the cooperation aspect, students can collaborate well; (2) the assertion aspect, students can get along with new friends and communicate with others; (3) the responsibility aspect, students understand their role and responsibility to the God, themselves, others, and society; (4) the empathy aspect, students can feel others' feeling and problem; (5) the self-control aspect, students can control their mental state so that they can avoid anger and bad influences.

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Background: As one of the world's biodiversity hotspots, Indonesia contains over 25,000 plant species, including unconventional food plants (UFPs). These plants are integral to the dietary practices of rural communities, providing essential nutrients often overlooked in modern diets. However, the use of UFP is declining, with both their dietary and cultural values being undermined. In rural West Java, this decline in UFP biodiversity coincides with public health challenges related to malnutrition. This study aims to document the diversity of UFPs used by local communities in rural West Java, assess their nutritional value, and explore their consumption practices. Methods: Data were collected using mixed methods, including interviews with 20 key informants and food frequency questionnaire administered to 107 women in three villages in the area. The nutritional compositions of documented UFPs were obtained from literature and analysis. Bivariate correlation was used to analyze the relationships between UFP consumption frequency and potential correlates. Results: The study documented 52 species of UFPs from 29 families, many of which are rich in nutritional value. About half of respondents (56%) consumed UFPs moderately (2–3 times a week). UFP consumption frequency had a strong correlation (r = 0.70) with associated knowledge (r = 0.70, p < 0.01) and a weak correlation with age (r = 0.240, p = 0.015), livestock possession (r = 0.260, p = 0.008), and family size (r = − 0.220, p = 0.02). Motivations for UFP consumption included availability as free food (33%), medicinal value (26%), nostalgic value (23%), and preferred taste (18%). Most respondents (92%) agreed that consumption has declined compared to the past, with perceived reduced availability and lack of knowledge cited as the primary reasons for the declining trend. Conclusions: UFP use is common in the study area, where local communities value these plants for their critical roles in diet, medicine, and culture. Given their significant potential to meet dietary needs, educating and raising awareness about UFPs can enhance their consumption and contribute to food and nutrition security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of skin aging is a physiological phenomenon that can not be avoided. According to global population data, the rate of aging increases by approximately 13% every year. The impact of skin aging has become a significant concern and challenge for developed countries. Consequently, there has been a search for potential new anti-aging agents. This review aims to provide an overview of the current research status of plants of the Anak Dalam Tribe (Indonesian: Suku Anak Dalam [SAD]; referred to as SAD henceforth) in Jambi Province, Indonesia, for the development of potential new anti-aging agents. One such discovery is a product derived from natural ingredients with the ability to prevent premature aging. These new anti-aging plants have been used for centuries by the Anak Dalam tribe, for treating skin diseases and maintaining skin health through traditional remedies. Recent research on herbal formulations used by the SAD community in Indonesia for skin beauty treatments, reported by Research on Medicinal Plants and Herbs or RISTOJA, indicates that 64 plant species are used for skin care. Among these plants, Toona sinensis, Curcuma heyneana, Curcuma zedoaria, Curcuma longa, and Kaempferia rotunda are the most commonly used medicinal plants with anti-aging properties. T. sinensis is a tree, while the others are herbs. T. sinensis shows the highest potential for development as an anti-aging agent, with its extracts, active fractions, and bioactive quercetin isolates known to possess strong anti-aging activities both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, C. heyneana, C. longa, C. zedoaria, and K. rotunda also show potential for further research, and three of them have demonstrated good potential for in vivo anti-aging activities. Only K. rotunda demonstrates relatively weaker antioxidant activity compared to T. sinensis, C. heyneana, C. longa, and C. zedoaria. Nevertheless, K. rotunda can still be developed to search for potential opportunities as agents with other activities, while T. sinensis, C. heyneana, C. longa, and C. zedoaria in the findings could be an opportunity to explore the potential of new anti-aging agents. In conclusion, of the five medicinal plants traditionally used by the SAD in Jambi, Indonesia, C. longa has received the most extensive research and shows potential for the development of anti-aging solutions. C. zedoaria, C. heyneana and K. rotunda show good potential for in vivo anti-aging activity. T. sinensis is the least-studied medicinal plant. Nevertheless, it has potential for development, as it is widely used by the SAD community for both traditional medicine and skin care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This study aimed to determine the effect of interactive learning media based on Augmented Reality through the Assemblr EDU application on increasing fourth-grade students' interest in environmental education in the material plants parts and their functions. Methodology This R&D approach was used to conduct this research study. The sample of this study comprised 100 Grade-IV students in Pondok Aren District, Province of Banten, Indonesia. This study used a one-group pretest-posttest experimental research technique. The research instrument was a pretest and posttest questionnaire. The data analysis carried out in this study was inferential analysis with the t-test. Findings The study concluded that the use of interactive learning media based on Augmented Reality through the Assemblr EDU application positively impacted students' interest in environmental education. Implications to Research and Practice This research can contribute to the school by increasing student attentiveness to be engaged in environmental education so that the students can assimilate the teaching material constructively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil macroarthropods, as a component of the soil community, directly feel the impact of land use changes. Not only the density but understanding the soil macroarthropods distribution pattern will help in providing an insight into the quality of soil health. The sampling process was carried out using the pitfall trap methods on the forest, logged forest areas, mixed gardens, and monoculture gardens in the tropical rainforest of Bukit Pinang-Pinang Padang, Indonesia. The results showed that the forest as a natural habitat supported the density of soil macroarthropods among other land use types. The density in the forest, logged forest area, mixed garden, and monoculture garden sequentially is about 20.29, 13.18, 15.2 and 12.21 indv/m2. The presence frequency high value of soil macroarthropods was found in the forest, and for some soil macroarthropods, such as Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Araneits, the importance value increases when their habitat is disturbed. The fertile soil in intensive monoculture gardens does not support the individuals' total number, types, and density of soil macroarthropods. On the other side, the dominant soil macroarthropods prefer disturbed soil conditions and will decrease their presence frequency if chemical compounds are introduced into the soil. Land use change in the Bukit Pinang-Pinang tropical rainforest area causes changes in the distribution pattern of soil macroarthropods. The changing tendency of distribution patterns in fragmented habitats is due to nutrient availability, limited resources and land treatment. Habitat fragmentation affects not only the abundance and density of individuals and types of soil macroarthropods but also the distribution pattern, which not only threatens their existence and the environment but also has the potential to regenerate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to reveal the success of community empowerment based on sustainable tourism in Goa Pindul, Indonesia. This study adopted the interpretative phenomenological analysis approach to understand the village community empowerment process phenomenon. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine (9) research participants from the Goa Pindul tourism village community. The findings of this study indicated that tourism-based community empowerment is started with awareness-raising through socialization and community service, followed by capacity building through various needs-based tourism management training and the formation of tourism awareness groups that are given to manage their potential and evaluate their development. This tourism-based community empowerment is carried out while still paying attention to environmental and cultural sustainability in society's lives. Youth involvement is optimized to support sustainable tourism villages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: The Austronesian peoples, predecessors of most of the population of Indonesia today, discovered and developed many kinds of plant-based medicines and treatments to combat illness and maintain good health. These include massage oils. Aims: This study investigated how three tribal communities in Indonesia utilised plants for massage oils with the aim of preserving their traditional methods. Methods: Traditional plant-based massage oils used by the western–central Austronesians were studied in three traditional communities in West Java, Lombok Island and Sumbawa Island. Key results: Traditional herbal oils contain various active compounds that possess medicinal values. Coconut (Cocos nucifera ; Arecaceae), which is typical of Austronesian flora, is harvested for milk and is the main ingredient in the production of herbal treatments for massages. Forty-six other plant species have also been recorded being mixed with coconut milk. The main three families of plants are: Fabaceae, Lauraceae and Zingiberaceae. Species such as Dipterocarpus retusus (endangered) and Sindora galedupa are medicinal plants with high conservation value. Conclusions: Changes in land use threaten wild plant species that are used in making herbal oils. Likewise, traditional community knowledge could be eroded by globalisation. Therefore, the cultivation and conservation of wild plants is needed to maintain their presence in nature so that the traditional knowledge can be sustained. Implications: Local governments need to play a role in developing and socialising the use of traditional herbal massage oils. It is hoped that the traditional knowledge and wisdom of the local communities can form the basis of developing their territory into a traditional village, like the village of Songak, Lombok Island. This study investigated how three tribal communities in Indonesia utilis‍ed plants for massage oils with the aim of preserving their traditional methods. Traditional knowledge could be eroded by globalisation. Therefore, the cultivation and conservation of wild plants is needed. Traditional herbal oils contain various active compounds that possess medicinal values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new species of Freycinetia Gaudich. (Pandanaceae; Freycinetoidea) with obvious pseudopetiolate basal leaf from Mount Tombrok in the vicinity of the Arfak Mountains, West Papua, Indonesian New Guinea, is newly described as Freycinetia pseudopetiolata A.P.Keim, K.Kartawinata & W.Sujarwo. The possession of the pseudopetiolate basal leaf form places this new species in the section Pseudopetiolosae; thus marking the first presence of the section for mainland New Guinea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional farming that changes to profitable agribusiness can serve a machine for rural modernisation. This article assesses factors that determined the decision of smallholder vegetable producers to participate in vegetable-based agribusiness and analyses the impact of agribusiness participation and other determinants on the economic returns. Structural equation modelling was employed to show a proposed model of cumulative causation theory. Data were compiled from a quantitative survey of 357 selected farm households located in major vegetable-producing areas of Bali and Java, Indonesia. Results show that human capital and household endowment motivated farmers to participate in vegetable-based agribusiness. Women's participation significantly contributed to agribusiness participation and agribusiness participation led to income generation. Opportunities exist to expand vegetable-based agribusiness and increase farmers' income by providing adequate access to transportation infrastructure, an advantageous agribusiness environment, and investing in human capital through training and extension services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The island of Bali has several aga (indigenous) villages that have survived despite the pressures of an intense tourist industry and agricultural changes. A rich ethnobotanical culture persists, but the meaning of differences in traditional ethnobotanical knowledge (TEK) remains under-explored. We analyzed information obtained from interviews of inhabitants from diverse villages on food and nutraceutical plants to identify plant patterns, i.e., relevant plant groups with species sharing a similar occurrence. Through cluster analysis, we identified 12 main groups of species and found that species were grouped based on traditional knowledge and the use each community made of plants on the whole, and not on growth forms nor on specific uses. The frequency distribution of species clusters showed a bimodal trend, with several groups present only in few villages, and a few groups present in almost all villages. The latter are defined as “core groups,” and represent the shared TEK of each aga community. Other “satellite species groups” embodied in the local TEK were related to small isolated communities. Cultural erosion caused by modernization, with the consequent fragmentation of information, was judged to be one of the main causes of increasing TEK heterogeneity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economic Botany is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Different quantitative indices were proposed to determine the cultural importance of ethnobotanically valuable plants in order to develop a tool for the evaluation of immaterial cultural heritage. These indices were applied to an ethnobotanical survey of food and nutraceutical plants traditionally consumed in Bali, Indonesia. The uses of the plants were grouped into 6 use categories. The Cultural Food Significance Index (CFSI), use value (UV), relative frequency of citation (RFC), relative importance (RI), cultural value (CVs), and informant consensus factor (ICF) were calculated for a list of plants cited by fifty informants in different traditional villages on the island. This evaluation of the cultural importance of plants through different indices produced interesting variations. Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott came highest in the preference ranking for RFC, UV and CVs. Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. was in first place for CFSI and RI. Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam., Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet and Cinnamomum burmanni (Nees & T. Ness) Blume were also high in the CFSI, RI, and CVs. The ICF results revealed a well-defined food tradition. The combined use of these indices, as opposed to any single index, makes it possible to quantify the role that a given plant plays within a particular culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnopharmacological relevance Loloh are herbal drinks produced and consumed exclusively in Bali (Indonesia) to prevent and treat different ailments. This is the first study to document plants species used as Loloh , reporting the phytochemical components and pharmacological properties of the most cited plants. Documenting the plants used in herbal drinks in Bali by local communities to treat various ailments (providing some information on phytochemistry and pharmacology of the most interesting plants). Materials and methods Ethnobotanical data were obtained through semi-structured interviews (individual and group discussions) and questionnaires. Plant specimens were collected, identified and made into herbarium vouchers. Results A total of 51 plants species (belonging to 32 families) have been documented for their use in the various preparation of Loloh . Different plants and plant parts are used to prepare Loloh to treat heartburn, fever, diarrhea, hypertension, aphthous stomatitis (canker sores), and other minor health problems. These plants are mainly prepared as decoctions, are juiced or simply added to the preparation. The most cited plants (>30 informants) are Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC., Cinnamomum burmanni Nees ex Bl., and Piper betle L. These plants are well studied with multiple demonstrated pharmacological activities (e.g., antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic). Conclusion The Balinese communities still preserve a rich ethnobotanical knowledge. Several species are well known for their pharmacological properties, but some [such as Pneumatopteris callosa (Blume) Nakai and Dendrocnide stimulans (L. f.) Chew] are understudied and could be promising candidates for further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proficiency testing (PT) for pH measurements for two consecutive years (2013 and 2014) in Indonesia have been conducted to discern the current condition of participant laboratories regarding their capacity on the pH measurement and to evaluate the effect on usage of the standard reference material. On 2013, two buffer solutions (phthalate and phosphate) and their corresponding standard reference solutions were distributed to the participant laboratory. While on 2014, the PT was conducted for citrate buffer solution but no corresponding standard reference solution was provided; thus the participant laboratory can used their own reference standard. The PT for both phthalate and phosphate buffer in 2013 were completed by involving 10 participant laboratories. In 2014, the PT was conducted with 90 participant laboratories. The PT results were evaluated based on ISO 13528:2005(E). From 10 participant laboratories on 2013, it was found that 80% of participant for phthalate buffer and a 70% of participant for phosphate buffer attain a satisfactory category. For the PT of citrate buffer on 2014, it was found that 54% of 90 participant have held a satisfactory category. Moreover, form the evaluation regarding the effect of standard reference material usage; it was found that a better result can be achieved by using a reference buffer solution from the RCChem LIPI as the PT provider rather than by using their own standard reference. Overall, it can be concluded that capability of the laboratory in Indonesia regarding pH measurement is needed to be improved by which more attention is given in term of the use and handling of standard buffer solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has increased over time. Medicinal plants, including Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f) Nees, are recognized for their use to manage hyperglycemia. Nowadays, plenty of papers are published about A. paniculata as an antidiabetic; however, no bibliometric study about the topic exists. This study examines the existing papers about the preclinical trial of A. paniculata as an antidiabetic agent using bibliometric analysis focusing on countries, institutions, publishers, authors, documents, and keywords. Bibliographic information of relevant research and conference articles were obtained from the Scopus database. In total, 97 articles published between 1994 and 2021 were selected, covering 376 authors and 1270 keywords. Data were analyzed bibliometrically using Vosviewer 1.6.16. A total of 97 published papers occurred from 1994 to 2021 were selected. India, Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia), Journal of Ethnopharmacology, and Agung Endro Nugroho (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia) were the most productive country, institution, publisher, and author, respectively. The analysis of the most influential papers, co-citation network of the most influential papers, bibliographical coupling network based on authors, and keyword co-occurrence network and overlay demonstrated that the abundance and variety of existing papers about preclinical trials of A. paniculata as an antidiabetic were from phytochemistry, pharmacology, and drug formulation. The findings of our analysis have implications for managerial and theoretical aspects on this topic, such as encouraging research collaborations by analyzing the contributions of countries, institutions, publishers, and authors and revealing research gaps (molecular mechanisms, toxicities and side effects, drug formulations, and clinical trials) to accept a phytomedicine as a therapeutic option. [Display omitted] • The abundance of preclinical trials of Andrographis paniculata as antidiabetic. • India, Universitas Gadjah Mada (Indonesia), Journal of Ethnopharmacology, and Agung Endro Nugroho were the most productive country, institution, publisher, and authors, respectively. • Research mapping is needed to determine the expansion of the research fields. • The related fields were phytochemistry, pharmacology, and drug formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Indonesia has rich biodiversity and ethnic groups applying for traditional medicine as antidiabetic. • Numerous ethnopharmacological surveys were conducted on medicinal plants in Indonesia. • Ethnopharmacological studies of antidiabetic plants have prospects for further development. Indonesia is rich in biodiversity and ethnic groups, including those that use traditional medicine to treat diabetes mellitus (DM). Ethnopharmacological of antidiabetic medicinal plants is still an essential field of study to organize preclinical and clinical trials. This study presents a review of the ethnopharmacology of antidiabetic plants and their scientific information, focusing on highlighting gaps and direction for further studies. Data were obtained from online and offline sources to identify Indonesian medicinal plants used to lower blood glucose. Ethnopharmacological literature was searched from Google Scholar with keywords: ethnobotany AND medicinal plant AND diabetes AND Indonesia; an ancient book (Cabe Puyang Warisan Nenek Moyang), government reports on ethnopharmacological surveys, and BSc/MSc/PhD theses indexed and not indexed internationally. Subsequently, other sections regarding preclinical trials (in vitro and in vivo), phytochemical issues, clinical trials, and toxicological assessments were searched from Scopus with the relevant keywords. A total of 229 medicinal plant species belonging to 70 families and are used to treat DM were listed in this study. Among these plants, Asteraceae and Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. were the most dominant plant family and species, respectively. Most of the herbal recipes were from North Sumatera (102 recipes). Leaf and boiling were the most applied plant part and mode of preparation, respectively. Furthermore, the top 10 highly cited antidiabetic medicinal plants from ethnopharmacological data were assessed in the preclinical (in vitro and in vivo), phytochemical issues, clinical trials, and toxicological tests. Pharmacological, phytochemical, clinical, and toxicological studies have been reported; meanwhile, many research opportunities can be explored, especially plants lacking scientific evidence. This study's application is expected to accelerate the drug discovery and development from natural resources to treat DM. Moreover, hopefully, medicinal plants can be one of the solutions to treat DM that is effective, safe, and sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionLocated in the Sunda Megathrust zone, Mentawai Island is known as the epicenter of an active earthquake that has the potential to cause a tsunami. Students would be one of the most vulnerable groups during the disaster.ProblemThe low-level of School-Based Disaster Preparedness/Sekolah Siaga Bencana (SSB) of students' preparedness in disaster risk reduction (DRR) can lead to increased vulnerability of students in facing disaster threats, especially a tsunami., Methods: The study employed observational, correlative analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The sample includes 109 students from fifth and sixth grade in three elementary schools in Sipora, Mentawai Island district., Results: There was a significant influence between knowledge and attitude towards the preparedness of SSB students in DRR in Sipora, Mentawai Islands district., Conclusions: Knowledge and attitudes are key factors that must be taken into account in efforts to increase student preparedness to reduce the risk of a tsunami disaster. Sujarwo, Noorhamdani, Fathoni M. Disaster risk reduction in schools: the relationship of knowledge and attitudes towards preparedness from elementary school students in school-based disaster preparedness in the Mentawai Islands, Indonesia. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(6):581-586.