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This study examines the application of the concepts of "unwilling" and "unable" in understanding gross human rights violations in Indonesia. The purpose is to delineate the nuanced dynamics behind such atrocities, exploring whether violations stem from the government's unwillingness or inability to protect human rights. Employing a qualitative research approach, data was collected through document analysis, interviews, and case studies. The findings suggest that gross human rights violations in Indonesia often result from a combination of both factors: state actors may be unwilling to uphold human rights due to political agendas or systemic corruption, while systemic weaknesses and resource constraints render them unable to effectively prevent or address violations. The study underscores the importance of addressing both dimensions to effectively tackle human rights abuses, advocating for institutional reforms, accountability mechanisms, and international pressure to compel the Indonesian government to fulfill its obligations to protect human rights. In conclusion, understanding the interplay between unwillingness and inability is crucial for devising comprehensive strategies to combat gross human rights violations in Indonesia and similar contexts worldwide, emphasizing the imperative of fostering a culture of respect for human dignity and justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Emergencies are a form of health service in emergency or urgent situations that require immediate action from medical personnel working to overcome potential risks and dangers to life. Various forms of emergency services require nurses in hospitals to save time in the process of providing nursing care. One form of emergency service in hospitals is the Early Warning Score (EWS). The use of technology in developing the Early Warning Score such as application mobile can certainly help in improving the quality of emergency services in hospitals, so it can minimize the severity of patients' conditions in the emergency phase. Method: The method in this research is quantitative descriptive research, in this case, the Androidbased mobile Early Warning Score application. This research was conducted to measure the level of user satisfaction where there are 3 dimensions in measuring the level of satisfaction with application use: quality of application information, quality of application use, and impact of application use. Results: The results of the research show that the satisfaction level of the Early Warning Score mobile application at Pontianak Hospital obtained a total score of 419 or 50,60% satisfied, and very satisfied with a total score of 217 or 26.21%. Conclusion: The Early Warning Score mobile application is suitable for use by nursing staff as a medium for improving excellent nursing services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The national scale of catastrophic losses risk linked to state catastrophe bonds (SCB) is enormous. It can reduce investors' interest in buying them because the capital required and the loss probability are also significant. To overcome this, the SCB can be made on a smaller regional scale, known as a regional catastrophe bond (RCB). Through RCBs, the catastrophic loss risk investors bear becomes smaller, which can increase investors' interest in buying them. Unfortunately, RCB issuance faced a fundamental obstacle, where its complex pricing model needed further study. Therefore, this study aims to model it. The model uniquely involves the inflation rate modeled using the Fisher equation and the nonbinary scheme of coupon and redemption value payments modeled by a compound Poisson process. In addition, the model is applied to Indonesia's catastrophe data, resulting in all provinces' RCB price estimation and the effects of several variables on RCB price. This research can guide the RCB pricing process of the country's regions. The estimated RCB prices can be used by Indonesia's government if RCBs are to be issued one day. Finally, the effects of the inflation rate, catastrophe intensity, and geographical location on RCB prices can guide investors in selecting bond portfolios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, the level of internet usage, especially in Indonesia, has shown significant growth. This encourages the growth of the use of various applications, one of which is an online transportation application. GoRide service on the Gojek application is one of the applications that is often used. This study will examine the influence of perceived usefulness, satisfaction, attitude variables on the continuance intention of GoRide users on the Gojek application. The population of this study is all Gojek application users in the last three months in the Jabodetabek area with the sampling technique used is non-probability sampling with a minimum sample number of 170 respondents. Furthermore, this research will use SEM PLS 4 in the data analysis process. The results of this research are in the form of a proposed framework that will be continued as empirical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes the development of a markerless augmented reality (AR) application for Indonesian traditional house education. The application aims to provide an immersive and interactive way of visualizing traditional houses from various regions of Indonesia, with the potential to raise public awareness about the importance of preserving traditional culture. The prototyping method was employed as the most appropriate approach to software development, and the ARFoundation platform was used to integrate plane detection into the AR application. The results showed that 80% of tested devices were compatible with ARCore, and the AR plane detection could detect up to 250cm from the device position. In addition, a feedback survey conducted on 17 testers showed that the application design and mechanism brought a good experience to users, with 53% stating that the app is easy to use. This research project contributes to the development of technology-based solutions to promote Indonesian culture and preserve traditional houses, especially for younger generations who may be less familiar with traditional culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A decision-making tool for family planning flipchart is used for contraceptive counseling, but the use of this flipchart is suboptimal. In this study, primary study resulted in innovative decision-making tools for family planning applications. “Si KB Pintar” was also developed, a tool that women can use to discuss contraceptives with their husbands after family planning counseling. This study analyzed the effectiveness of family planning counseling during pregnancy by applying postpartum contraceptive use. Analytical quantitative quasi-experimental methods were used with a control group design. The sampling method was two-stage sampling. In the first stage, from 22 primary health care (PHC) in Cirebon City, Indonesia, 11 intervention and 11 control groups were selected using random allocation. Five participants were taken from each PHC in the second stage using simple random sampling. The findings indicated that participants given family planning counseling using an application had a 2.4 times higher likelihood of using postpartum contraception compared to flipcharts after controlling for age and parity variables. Because these applications are only for Android users, applications should be produced that all users can utilize in further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high number of motorized vehicle population in Indonesia makes the potential need for motor vehicle services high. The high number of motorized vehicle users reflects the very dense activity of the community, increase to the need for facilities that can simplify and cut time for servicing motorized vehicles that are supported by existing information systems. The potential need for motorcycle service and the development of information systems is the background for Carimontir to create technology based on motor vehicle service applications. With this application, it can make it easier for motorized vehicle owners to carry out vehicle service more quickly and practically anytime and anywhere, while for partners, it will be easier to reach potential consumers. Carimontir has an IFE value of 3.04 and EFE value of 3.03, where its competitive strength is at the medium level based on the results of Porters 5 Forces analysis. The Carimontir Strategic Plan based on the IE Matrix is in the growth and build cell. Based on the SWOT and QSPM analysis, Carimontir chose social media marketing optimization strategy and feature innovation. Meanwhile, based on the porter's generic strategy, Carimontir chose a differentiation strategy in order to be competitive and sustainable in the service provider application business. This research aims to analyze financial plan at Carimontir. The method used in the study is qualitative analysis. Carimontir's financial plan is prepared by considering the capital requirements and all costs to run the company's business. Risk management is also prepared based on the ISO 31000:2018 standard so that the company can control all risks and ensure that the company's business is competitive and sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is undeniable that Religion and tradition have been a highly discussed discourse from the past up to the present day. Interpretation of the Qurʾan is one essential aspect of religion that serves not only as a way of understanding its doctrines, but also as a media controlling local beliefs and practices. This article is aimed at analyzing Šeḫ Muḥammad Aršad's interpretation of theology-verses quoted to support his theological ideas in his Tuḥfat al-Rāġibīn. Employing trans-disciplinary approaches consisting of Quran interpretation as distinction between interpretation (tafsīr) and application (taṭbīq), and post-colonial criticism of the high-low tradition category, it concludes that first, Šeḫ Aršad's treatment of the Qurʾanic verses does not prove that he freely interpreted the Qurʾan the way he wanted, but he applied the given verse-interpretation, and this method constitutes a partial interpretation of theology-verses; second, that such use interpretation method, in his perceived innovations, coupled by his position in the Sultanate of Banjar, was projected to purify, the perspective of Ahl al-Sunna wa-l-Jamāʾa , from some local traditions, such as manyanggar banua and mambuang pasilih. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Increasing soybean (Glycine max L.) production in dry land can be done through intensification using organic and inorganic fertilizer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the optimization use of organic and inorganic NPK fertilizers on soil and soybean productivity on dry land. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications on dry land in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. The treatments evaluated were 12 dosage combinations of ZA (ammonium sulphate), SP-18 (super phosphate-18), KCl (potassium chloride), and chicken manure. The study was conducted on dry land without and with 5,000 kg cow manure/ha. The soybean seed used in this research was Argomulyo. The results showed that (1) application of 5,000 kg cow manure/ha increased the yield of Argomulyo soybean variety by 0.21 t/ha (9%), (2) application of 100 kg KCl/ha + 50 kg ZA/ha + 100 kg SP-18/ha + 5,000 kg cow manure/ha, and 50 kg ZA/ha + 2,500 kg chicken manure/ha + 5,000 kg cow manure/ha increased soybean yield by 0.95-1.38 t/ha (50-74%), (3) application of 100 kg KCl/ha increased P uptake by 68%, Ca uptake by 60%, and Mg uptake by 54% compared to without fertilizer, (4) application of 50 kg KCl/ha + 2,500 kg chicken manure/ha increased N uptake by 48%, application of 50 kg ZA/ha + 100 kg SP-18/ha increased K uptake by 117%, and application of 50 kg ZA/ha increased Ca uptake by 60% compared without fertilizer, and (5) application of 5,000 kg cow manure/ha improved the physical properties of the soil by reducing soil bulk density by 7% and soil penetration by 37% and increasing soil permeability of 2.20 cm/hour from 1.78 cm/hour to 3.98 cm/hour. Soybean cultivation of the Argomulyo variety on dry land in Gresik requires the addition of organic cow manure 5000 kg/ha plus ZA fertilizer 50 kg/ha + chicken manure 2500 kg/ha or ZA fertilizer 50 kg/ha + SP-18 100 kg/ha + KCl 100 kg/ha to increase yield 0.95–1.38 t/ha and improve soil physical fertility. This study gives the information that the use of organic and inorganic fertilizer is an alternative technology that is required to maintain and increase the productivity of soybean and soils in dry land to support sustainable soybean cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to global climate change the salt-affected agricultural land has enlarged in Indonesia, especially in coastal areas. Chemical soil properties, such as pH, Na and Cl contents, as well as soil nutrients including availability of soil phosphorus, are changed by higher soil salinity. Phosphorus fertilizer management on saline soils must be done properly since improper dosage of P can worsen the severity of the effects of salinity. The study aimed to determine appropriate dose of P fertilization for salttolerant soybean genotypes in saline soil. The experiment was conducted on an agricultural field during dry season 2018 in Tuban District, East Java Province, Indonesia. The treatment consisted of two P fertilizer dosage (72 and 108 kg P2O5/ha) on two salt-tolerant of soybean genotypes (Anjasmoro variety and K-13 line). The treatment was arranged in randomized complete block design, with fourteen replicates. Soil EC at the study site during the growing season was 9-17 dS/m, while EC of irrigation water was 6-16 dS/m. Results showed that among the two tested salt-tolerant genotype, Anjasmoro variety revealed better performance than K-13 line according to growth parameters, as well as yield and yield attributes. Appropriate P fertilizer dosage for both genotypes was 108 kg P2O5/ha. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthetic pesticides are not effectively controlling pests and diseases of mungbean in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to examine the inundation of various types of biopesticides in controlling the main pests and diseases, and their impact on natural enemies in mungbean. The study consisted of five treatments namely P1 = preventive biopesticide (Trichoderma harzianum, neem seed powder (Azadirachta indica), Spodoptera litura Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus, Beauveria bassiana, and galangal rhizome extract) inundation, P2 = biopesticide application based on control threshold (CT), P3 = scheduled synthetic pesticide application, P4 = synthetic pesticide application based on CT, and P5 = without control. The results showed that P1 inundation reduced the population of 11 types of mungbean pests. The P1 treatment had the same efficacy as the P3 treatment. Scheduled and inundated application of biopesticides maintained the survival of natural enemies Oxyopes sp., Paederus sp., Coccinella sp., Andrallus sp., Sycanus sp. and the parasitoids Trichogramma sp., Telenomus sp., and Apantheles sp. Synthetic pesticides on schedule or based on control threshold killed the entire population of natural enemies. Preventive application of biopesticides could be recommended for controlling the main pests and diseases of mungbean as well as an alternative to synthetic pesticides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Undoubtedly, Imam al-Ghazali is the founder of the Maqasid Sharia knowledge framework. This is marked by the work of Imam al-Ghazali in the 5th century entitled "al-Mustasfa min ‘Ilm al-Usul" and "al-Mankhul min Ta’liqat al-Usul". Therefore, this study aims to determine the theory of Maqasid Sharia according to Imam Al Ghazali and its application in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) in Indonesia. This study is based on a library research which is sourced directly from al-Ghazali’s books; al-Mustasfa and al-Mankhul, as well as the Compilation of Islamic Law manuscript, particularly in marriage chapter. The results of this study indicate that the Maqasid Sharia concept has been applied in several cases in the marriage chapter, such as cases in marriage registration law of taklik talak and pregnancy marriage. The categories of Maqasid Sharia used in the enforcement of these laws are Maqsad ad-Daruriyyah namely Hifz ad- Din (protecting religion), Hifz an-Nafs (protecting soul), Hifz al-Aql (Protecting intellect), Hifz an-Nasl (protecting lineage) and Hifz al-Mal (protecting property) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) is a psychosocial intervention for people with dementia and can benefit cognition and quality of life. A touch-screen individualised CST (iCST) application has been developed to improve on accessibility and provide increased interactivity. This study aimed to explore the attitudes of people with dementia, carers and healthcare professionals in Indonesia towards the iCST application and related technology. Methods: Four focus groups were organised: one comprising family carers (n = 3), two comprising people with dementia and family carers (n = 12) and one made up of family carers and home care workers (n = 3). Participants discussed the uses of technology, tried out the iCST application and completed a usability and acceptability questionnaire. Furthermore, 21 healthcare professionals attended an expert meeting to discuss the potential of implementing the iCST application in the community. Results: Attitudes towards technology were positive but lack of experience, difficulties with operating devices and a limited infrastructure to support technology were described as barriers. The iCST application was seen as an interesting tool to support mental stimulation. Compared with people with dementia, carers were more willing to use the application and rated its usability higher. Healthcare professionals were positive about the interactive features of the application and judged that it could be useful within the family context. Discussion: Low-cost and low-infrastructure technology like iCST can meet the needs for stimulation of people with dementia in Indonesia and other countries. By understanding the attitudes of people with dementia and carers towards IT and their willingness to adopt technology like the iCST application, we are better placed to overcome potential obstacles to its implementation. It appears that systemic changes are needed to facilitate wider use of IT particularly in dementia care. These include needs to empower end users, strengthen access and connectivity to technology, and improve diagnostic support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Masks have varied roles and uses in every region and country due to the different cultures and beliefs, and uses include worship, provision, and dance. Today, a lot of historical masks are preserved in museums, offering information about shapes, uses, and gender performativity. In Museum Panji, Malang District, Indonesia, a big collection of historical masks is used as a learning source for teenagerss, adults, and researchers. Unfortunately, most of the masks displayed there do not have informative labels, despite the educational benefit of such tagging for visitors. However, researchers have developed a product called NUSANTARA MASK HERITAGE (NUSMARI INDONESIA): Augmented Reality-Based Infographic Application for Mask Collection in Museum Panji Malang as appealing and innovative Learning Media for Traditional Masks and Gender Performativity. This application was based upon a study of traditional masks and gender performativity which is then developed into a digital learning media that helps visitors acquire information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers reasons why the number of scientific publications produced in Indonesia remain low in comparison to other countries, as is the number of scientific researchers. These issues are caused by many factors, including the fact that researchers often experience difficulties in obtaining references to both books and journals that support their research, and secondly that researchers find it difficult to find research partners who have scientific similarities and interests in one research topic. The purpose of this study is to answer the above problems through the design and development of an application called thinkgather.com, an interactive medium for researchers. One of the advantages of this application is being able to connect between one researcher and another researcher in one social media. This research was designed to have 3 stages of research, namely the preliminary study and data collection stage, the planning and building stage, the limited scale trial stage. It is expected that the thinkgather.com application can become a means of researchers as a media discussion and facilitate researchers in finding partners in the research that will be carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to describe the development of the 'JEGER' application using android platform to develop a history learning media and model based on historical potential of General Soedirman's guerrilla in Pacitan, Indonesia. This development used three main steps adopted from Borg and Gall's model. The development scheme of the application takes a place as a media and model in history learning. The draft or prototype was validated by experts of learning material and media. The revised results of the validator's suggestion are tested to examine the effectiveness and feasibility. The average evaluation of the five assessment components showed an average of 92%. It means that the application of "JEGER" is very effective and feasible as an innovative and creative media and model for historical learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reproductive health of adolescents in Indonesia has become an unresolved priority problem and the number of its cases keep increasing from year to year. It caused by access to information and adolescent health programs that are haven’t been distributed evenly. In fact, not all programs use the media that is in line with the current characteristics of adolescents. Media is an adolescent health promotion strategy that has to be considered in order to increase knowledge. There have been many kinds of media related to adolescent reproductive health in the form of posters, leaflets, public service announcements and so on. According to the previous research, during all this time the media tend to be patronizing and boring. The adolescents nowadays will not be far from gadgets, so researchers have developed “Remaja Sehat” application as a media for adolescent health education. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of media on the variables of triability and observability on the decision to use “Remaja Sehat” application. This research was conducted to high school students in Surabaya. The method used in this research is the Quasi Experiment and uses post only design. Samples in this study were 302 conducted by using simple random sampling. The students were given a number of questions in the questionnaire after be given intervention in the form of exposure to a healthy adolescent application. The results showed that there was a significant effect on triability (p value = 0,000) and obsevability (p value = 0.042) on the decision to use “Remaja Sehat” application. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the “Remaja Sehat” application can be used as a media for health promotion which matches the characteristics of adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is one of the tropical country with high rainfall. It causes a flood disaster that with the loss of property and life. Currently handling flood disasters in developing countries are still using many conventional ways. By using conventional way the flood early warning system is still not able to reach the wider community so that information too late of impending disaster received by the public. Besides that the speed of information is needed in the handling of disasters. Therefore a rapid flood warning system that can reach a wide area such as the internet is necessary to minimize the effects of disasters. IoT (Internet of Thing) is smart technology which has capability to send data in real time, connected to the smart phone, sensor and web service. This ability can be used for smart application to control and manage an early warning system. In this research we also use IoT technology to monitor and control the early detection system of flood disaster. By using IoT technology, sensor data can be sent in real time from sensor to smartphone through internet network. The sensor data contains the water characteristics data on the dam that will be processed in the data base. The processing data of water characteristic will be a decision of hazard level. That decision will be sent to users as notification into the user smartphone application. This research will be useful for deeply research on disaster management system and flood early detection system in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The West Java Water Quality Index (WJWQI) described in this paper was specifically developed to replace the currently used indices in West Java, Indonesia. The WJWQI addressed the limitations of the currently used indices, namely their inability to make accurate comparison of the general status of water quality between the rivers in West Java, inability to make these comparisons in a cost effective manner, and the lack of credibility and acceptability of the currently used indices by relevant authorities in West Java (since the local conditions and local expert opinion have not been considered in the development of the currently used indices). Addressing these limitations increases the credibility and acceptability of WJWQI to be used by the relevant authorities and the users of WJWQI in West Java. This index was developed using four basic steps, which are selection of parameters, obtaining sub-index values (transformation to a common scale), establishing weights, and aggregation of sub-indices to produce the final index. The methodology for parameter selection used in the development of WJWQI, which considered cost effective monitoring of water quality parameters in West Java rivers and the inclusion of local experts’ opinion in establishing the parameter weights will increase the credibility and acceptability of WJWQI among the relevant authorities and the users of WJWQI. The application of WJWQI for the West Java Province was demonstrated using monitoring data taken between 2001 and 2011, to evaluate the general status of water quality spatially and temporally. The results of the application show that most monitoring stations had marginal water quality, indicating that rivers in the West Java Province have been experiencing water quality deterioration significantly. Moreover, an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis was undertaken through Monte Carlo simulation to determine the robustness of WJWQI, which proved to be robust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is a country that has a wealth of diverse cultures spread from Sabang to Merauke. Even though the government has included a lesson about Indonesian culture in terms of some subjects such as Art and Culture, but there are still many people including some students who do not know the forms and names of the tribes, traditional houses, traditional clothing, folk songs, traditional foods, local weapons, and musical instruments regions in Indonesia. Therefore, a learning application is created that utilizes mobile learning technology. Through the used of mobile learning, user can access learning content without any borders so that it can be accessed at any time so that it can be accessed at any time with interesting illustration. Indonesian National Culture Application is made useful to help users in learning the introduction of Indonesian culture that provides the knowledge with illustrations in the form of images, audio, text and video. This application also can be functioned to learn, answer quiz, to view a gallery of images and video and to do puzzle games. The achieved result is an application that can provide knowledge to the users so they can know the culture in Indonesia through the illustrations provided well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although a recording and reporting format for health centers already exists for Indonesia's standard information system, numerous health applications still need to meet the needs of each program. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the potential disparities in information systems in the application and data collection of health programs among Indonesian community health centers (CHCs) based on provinces and regions. This cross-sectional research used data from 9831 CHCs from the Health Facilities Research 2019 (RIFASKES). Significance was assessed using a chi-square test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The number of applications was depicted on a map using the spmap command with STATA version 14. It showed that region 2, which represented Java and Bali, was the best, followed by regions 1, which comprised Sumatra Island and its surroundings, and 3, Nusa Tenggara. The highest mean, equaling that of Java, was discovered in three provinces of region 1, namely, Jambi, Lampung, and Bangka Belitung. Furthermore, Papua and West Papua had less than 60% for all types of data-storage programs. Hence, there is a disparity in the health information system in Indonesia by province and region. The results of this analysis recommend future improvement of the CHCs' information systems.

Objective: This study is reviewed about the use of technology to monitor the nutritional status of the first thousand days of life (1000 HPK), a program in Indonesia to prevent stunting., Method: In this study, which is looking for journals used in the literature review, journals used in literature review obtained through the database of international journal providers such as Google scholar, PubMed, and Proquest. Researchers wrote the appropriate keywords, namely nutritional status of 1000 HPK, stunting, and application. The year limit used is ten years from 2010 to 2020., Results: Nutritional status in the first thousand days of life (1000 HPK), which is 270 days during pregnancy and 730 days in the baby's first life, is critical because the consequences are permanent and irreparable. Pregnant women and toddlers who are less attentive about their food intake will impact nutritional problems or nutritional status that will then affect their development in the future. The level of optimal nutritional status will be achieved if nutritional needs are met, but on the contrary unbalanced nutrition can cause several diseases, including stunting. Monitoring the development of toddlers is very important to know the existence of growth disorders early on, by taking weight measurement as the best way to assess the nutritional status of pregnant women and toddlers every month so that the child's growth will be monitored. One tool for measuring nutritional status is to use applications, and technological advances have now undergone rapid development. Application is a multifunctional product with all its sophistication which can help humans in various ways., Conclusion: From some journals can be concluded that the use of applications in monitoring the nutritional status of 1000 HPK facilitates parents, midwives, and other health workers in working to monitor the nutritional development of pregnant women and the growth of infants and toddlers for stunting prevention., (Copyright © 2021 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)