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Despite its rarity, pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (PCH) presents a significant diagnostic challenge. Due to its similarity to other pulmonary vascular diseases, such as pulmonary veno-occlusive disease, it is characterized by abnormal pulmonary capillary proliferation, which is a rare cause of primary pulmonary hypertension. This case was the first reported instance of PCH in Shahid Rajaee Heart Hospital in Tehran, Iran, in 2023, which was confirmed by genetic testing. It highlighted the importance of considering PCH among the differential diagnoses for pulmonary hypertension, even in adolescent patients. The 13-year-old patient's main complaints were progressive exertional dyspnea and chest pain. He had no previous medical history and had not taken any pharmaceutical or herbal medications. Critical clinical findings included a heart murmur, an electrocardiogram revealing right ventricular hypertrophy, and echocardiogram evidence of pulmonary hypertension. The main diagnosis was PCH, as shown by CT findings of pulmonary artery dilatation and diffuse nodular ground glass opacities. Genetic tests indicated pathogenic EIF2AK4 mutations and suspicion of PCH. Therapeutic intervention included vasodilator therapy, which exacerbated the patient's condition. This case emphasized the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for rare causes of pulmonary hypertension, such as PCH. The outcome was to prepare the patient for lung transplantation. To differentiate PCH from other pulmonary vascular diseases, a combination of clinical presentation, radiologic studies, genetic analysis, and response to treatment is required to determine appropriate management, particularly lung transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Early diagnosis of hepatic lesions can result in more successful treatment. Objectives: The present study aimed to diagnose hepatic space-occupying lesions by sonography in Guilan Cohort Center participants. Methods: In this cross-sectional prospective epidemiological research studies of Iranian adults (PERSIAN) Guilan cohort study (Sowme'eh Sara, Guilan, Iran) conducted in 2014 - 2017, the sample included 960 individuals of both genders, aged 35 - 60 years. A radiologist examined all individuals with sonography to determine hepatic space-occupying lesions. Demographical and clinical characteristics were recorded via a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 16). Results: Only 2.3% of the patients were diagnosed with hepatic lesions such as hemangioma, hepatic cysts, and other lesions with frequencies of 1.1%, 0.8%, and 0.4%, respectively. Also, there was a significant relationship between gender and the presence of hepatic lesions (P < 0.05). The frequencies of hepatic lesions were 1.7% and 3.6% in men and women and 1.6%, 2.5%, and 4.4% in the age groups of 35 - 45, 45 - 55, and over 55 years, respectively. Conclusions: Hemangioma was the most common hepatic lesion diagnosed in ultrasonography examinations. Moreover, the only factor influencing the frequency of hepatic lesions was gender, which was found twice more in women than in men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Hemangioblastoma refers to a benign vascular neoplasm that comprises stromal and capillary cells. Based on the classification of nervous system tumors proposed by WHO, hemangioblastomas are classified as Grade I meningeal tumors of uncertain origin. These tumors are found almost exclusively in the central nervous system (CNS) and account for 0.9% to 2.1% of all primary CNS tumors. Materials & Methods In this descriptive retrospective study, the archives of pathology reports were reviewed in the Department of Pathology of Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Tehran, Iran and patients with definite diagnosis of hemangioblastoma made through histopathological examinations during 2004-2014 were identified. Age, gender and the location of tumor were extracted from the medical records and entered into SPSS statistical software v.22 for analysis. Results Thirty patients including 16 males (53.3%) and 14 females (46.7%) were identified. The mean age of the patients was calculated to be 41.2±13.47 yr, ranging from 19 to 62 yr old. The majority of lesions had been found in the cerebellum of the patients (93.3%); only one had occurred in the cerebrum (3.3%) and another in the fourth ventricle (3.3%). Conclusion Cerebellum is the most commonly affected location in patients with CNS hemangioblastomas, and a male preponderance is observed in these cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genitourinary hemangiomas are very rare. To our knowledge few cases of female urethral hemangiomas have been reported and presenting cases are the first reports in Iran. They should be considered as differential diagnosis of any female patient with microscopic or gross hematuria or bloody urethral discharge, especially when other parts of urinary system are radiologically intact. Thorough physical examination of genital area is highly recommended in order not to miss any urethral lesions. Herein we report two cases of female urethral cavernous hemangioma, their management and a review of literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The combination of pulsed dye laser (PDL) and topical propranolol are used with variable effectiveness for the treatment of infantile hemangiomas (IH), particularly for superficial lesions. OBJECTIVE(S): The aim of this study was to investigate whether the therapeutic efficacy of prescribing topical propranolol along with PDL was superior to PDL therapy alone in the treatment of IH. METHODS: A total of 19 patients with IH were recruited to the study. Among them, nine patients were treated with PDL, 3 sessions 4 weeks apart, and 10 patients underwent PDL treatment alongside with topical propranolol for 12 weeks. The therapeutic efficacies of each regimen were assessed by comparing photographs of skin lesions before and after the treatment based on the cessation of the lesion growth, reduction in the lesion size, and lightening of the lesion color. RESULTS: No side-effect was reported by the parents. Among nine patients in PDL group, only two (22%) had excellent clearance, one (11%) had good, three (30%) had weak, and three (30%) had no responses. On the other hand, among 10 patients who were treated with both the PDL and topical propranolol, five (50%) showed excellent responses and five (50%) displayed good responses. Statistical data analysis with Mann-Whitney test revealed a significant difference in the clinical response between two treatment groups. CONCLUSION: The combination of PDL and topical propranolol seem to be a safe and effective therapy, and results in better clinical responses in the treatment of IH than PDL therapy alone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interventional radiologists are physicians who specialize in minimally invasive targeted therapies, offering the most in-depth knowledge of the less invasive therapies that are available and diagnostic and clinical experience across all specialties. Interventional radiologists offer treatments for hepatobiliary diseases without significant side effects or damage to the adjacent normal tissue. We briefly introduce some of the interventional procedures in gastroenterology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]