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Students who are abused in various ways are at a higher risk for psychological problems such as depression and suicidal ideation. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the mediating role of psychological problems and perceived social support in the relationship between cyber victimization and suicidal behavior. The participants in this cross-sectional study were 250 adolescents, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth-grade students (aged 13--18 years) in Bushehr, Iran. The instruments used to collect the data were the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), and Cyberbullying/Victimization Experiences Questionnaire. SPSS-25 and AMOS-24 software were used for data analysis. The indirect and negative effects of perceived social support showed that support (from family members and significant others) is associated with reduced suicidal behavior in students experiencing cyber victimization. Moreover, the indirect and positive effects of psychological problems showed that cyber victimization increases the risk of students experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, and may lead to increased suicidal behavior in them. The experience of cyberbullying victimization in students is associated with their suicidal behavior. These students need treatment through psycho-educational interventions or even psychotherapy in some cases.

Background: In recent years, Iran has encountered a growing frequency of earthquake disasters. Given that nurses constitute the largest group of healthcare providers, it is imperative that they possess adequate disaster preparedness skills, irrespective of the location or time. Despite the operating room nurses' roles in disasters, their experiences and challenges in disaster preparedness have been overlooked. Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the experiences, challenges, perspectives, and factors influencing the disaster preparedness of operating room nurses during the 2017 earthquake in Kermanshah, Iran. Methods: The present qualitative research was carried out in Iran In 2022 utilizing conventional content analysis. The study involved conducting semi-structured interviews with 16 operating room nurses who had participated in disaster preparedness during the Kermanshah earthquake. The participants were selected using a purposive sampling approach that aimed to achieve maximum diversity. The interviews were continued until the point of data saturation was reached, and the verbatim transcripts were analyzed using conventional content analysis in MAXQDA software. To ensure the rigor of the research, Guba and Lincoln's criteria were employed. Results: The study conducted data analysis to identify the main theme as "insufficient disaster preparedness due to a faded preparedness", along with six major categories and eighteen subcategories related to earthquake disaster preparedness. The major categories included: knowledge and perception of preparedness for disasters; educational and training programs for disaster preparedness; equipment preparedness for disasters; managerial-organizational preparedness for disasters; clinical skills for responding to disasters; and resilient ability in disaster response situations. Conclusion: The findings of the study provide valuable insights into the dimensions of disaster preparedness in earthquake disasters among operating room nurses. Nursing managers can utilize these findings to develop effective strategies and provide support in areas such as improving knowledge and educational level, equipment preparedness, strengthening plans and managerial structures, enhancing skills, and explaining resilience strategies to improve the disaster preparedness of operating room nurses and medical organizations' disaster response teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and microvascular thrombosis. No comprehensive report exists on clinical characteristics and risk factors of relapse and mortality in Iranian TTP patients. In this study, we aimed to report clinical features of Iranian TTP patients, to evaluate disease relapse and mortality rate and their associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: This study was a cohort study of patients diagnosed with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia admitted to the Shariati Hospital, Tehran, a referral center for TTP patients, from 2010 to 2017. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were recorded and patients were followed for 3 years regarding disease relapse and mortality. Results: 114 patients (80 females, 34 males) with a mean age of 39.3 ± 14.99 years were included. Hematologic and neurologic symptoms were the most common manifestations. Abnormal laboratory findings at the presentation included thrombocytopenia, anemia, and elevated LDH. All patients were treated with plasma exchange, and 75.5% of them had a response to treatment, while the 3-year relapse and mortality rate was 23.6 and 26.3%. Lower platelet count was a predictor of disease relapse. Age, hematological, or neurological initial presentation were associated with TTP mortality. Conclusion: Based on the largest study of TTP patients ever in Iran, the demographic and clinical characteristics of Iranian TTP patients are similar to other existing reports. Knowledge of the risk factors for TTP relapse and mortality could be useful to alert hematologists for prompt therapeutic actions when necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A population-based seroepidemiological and molecular survey on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was performed to detect induced antibodies to prior exposure and active infection of children aged 14 years or less in Tehran between 19 September 2020 and 21 June 2021. Moreover, correlations between the children's demographic data and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms with the infection status were investigated. Out of 1517 participants, cardinal symptoms of COVID-19 (fever > 38 °C and/or cough and/or diarrhea) were detected in 18%, and serological history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity were confirmed in 33.2% and 10.7% of the weighted population, respectively. The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was significantly higher among 10–14-year-old children. Active infection was significantly higher in symptomatic children and during autumn 2020 and spring 2021. The quantitative reverse transcription real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) positivity was significantly higher among families with a lower socioeconomic status, whereas no association between RT-qPCR or seropositivity was determined with household size, underlying diseases, or gender. In conclusion, high SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence and seroprevalence were detected in children in Tehran in different seasons. Infection prevalence was significantly higher in older children and in those with a positive history of close contact with infected cases and/or lower socioeconomic status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study aimed to study the trend, histologic pattern, geographical distribution, and characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and nasopharyngeal neoplasms (NPN) from 2003 to 2017 in Iran. Materials and Methods: The Ministry of Health and Medical Education collected NPN cases from the corresponding university in each province and stored them in Iran National Cancer Registry (INCR) database. The Joinpoint program calculated the average annual percent change (AAPC) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). The jump model minimized the interfering effect of INCR transformation. Results: 3653 NPN cases were reported between 2003-2010 and 2014-2017, with a mean age of 49.04 ± 18.31 years and a male-to-female ratio of 2.15. The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) per 100,000 person-years was 0.30 for females and 0.68 for males in 2017. Although the ASIR/100,000 of NPN raised from 0.35 to 0.49 during 2003-2017, the trend was constant with an AAPC of -2% (95% CI: - 4.8% to 0.9%). The age-specific incidence rate was highest in the older than 70 population (1.56/100,000). NPC formed 77.1% of NPNs and showed a constant pattern (AAPC CI: -5.7% to 0.2%), in contrast to the significant increase of non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (AAPC CI: 2.3% to 24.5%). Conclusions: Nasopharynx cancer is rare in Iran, and NPC incidence remained constant from 2003 to 2017, unlike previously reported rising trend. However, non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma exhibited a significant increase, and future studies are needed to examine the role of the Epstein-Barr virus on this growth rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the mediation role of perceived social support in the association between hope and health-related quality of life with coronavirus anxiety in the elderly. The research was conducted by descriptive method with a structural equations design. The population included all the over-60 elderly individuals residing in Sanandaj city, Iran, in 2021. Among them, 220 individuals were selected through available sampling method. To gather the data, the questionnaires of coronavirus anxiety, perceived social support, hope and health-related quality of life were used. Data analysis was conducted by using structural equations modeling and via SPSSv23 and AMOSv26 software. Data analysis indicated that there is a significant and negative relationship between hope, health-related quality of life, and perceived coronavirus anxiety among the elderly. Moreover, perceived social support plays a mediating role in the relationship of both hope and health-related quality of life with coronavirus anxiety. The present study provided an important insight regarding the mediating role of perceived social support in the relationship of hope and health-related quality of life with coronavirus anxiety the elderly. Through creating programs to hold suitable interventions for improving perceived social support, the COVID-19–related anxiety can be reduced during its prevalence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Hearing impairment can have an impact on adolescents’ quality of life and can lead to their isolation and depression. The main purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of a mental rehabilitation program based on positive thinking skills training on increasing happiness in a group of hearing impaired girls and boys. Methods: In this experimental study, pre- and post-test plan with a control group was used. All of the hearing impaired students (girls and boys) in all high schools of southern parts of Tehran, Iran, in year 2012-13 were our statistical research community. 48 hearing impaired girls and boys were selected by multistage sampling including stratified, purposive, and random sampling. They were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. Each group consists of 12 boys and 12 girls. Positive thinking skills were trained to experimental groups during eight 45-minutes sessions, twice a week. We used the Oxford happiness questionnaire to assess the level of happiness. Results: Using analysis of covariance showed that positive thinking skills training had meaningful and positive effect on increasing happiness of hearing impaired boys and girls in the experimental groups (p<0.01). Also, the mean happiness scores of boys and girls were meaningfully different (p<0.01). Conclusion: Positive thinking skills training increases the happiness scores of hearing impaired adolescents. So, the approach taken in this study can be considered as an appropriate method for psychological-education interventions, counseling and treatment in hearing impaired adolescent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a simple, innovative and effective procedure for measuring the dielectric properties of materials over a frequency range, based on the coaxial transmission/reflection method. The technique can measure the dielectric properties of materials from low to high loss with different sample sizes at different temperatures over a wide frequency range. The designed setup is tested and verified using air and polyamide samples, and simulated with 3D-electromagnetic software. Newer physical methods including dielectric heating have been considered, but information on the dielectric properties of date fruit, leaflet and Dubas bug, which causes great damage by reducing the quality and quantity of the date palm fruits in several countries, are lacking. The dielectric properties of date fruit, leaflet, and Dubas bug are measured at five temperatures between 20 and 60 °C and over the frequency range from 14 to 915 MHz. The experimental and simulation results show good statistical agreement. The designed setup is very useful for materials with low to high loss factor and for small objects like insects at different temperatures. The results show that the dielectric properties of the tested materials decrease with frequency and increase with temperature. Comparison of the dielectric loss factor of insects, date fruit, and leaflet shows that the insect differentially heats up faster than the date fruit and leaflet. The penetration depth decreases with increasing frequency and temperature. The results show that the dielectric heating at radio frequency might provide practical applications in controlling insects because of the differential heating and sufficient penetration depth. • Dubas bug is an important pest of date palms in several countries including Iran. • The dielectric heating is a new physical method for insect control. • No data have been reported on dielectric properties of date fruit and Dubas bug. • A simple procedure based on coaxial transmission/reflection method is presented. • To measure the dielectric properties of biomaterials at RF and MW frequencies band. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is an important adverse event experienced after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Severe HC could lead to significant morbidity, prolonged hospitalization with increased health-care costs, and may cause considerable mortality., Objectives: In order to investigate the influence of different contributing factors other than BK viruria on HC occurrence in a homogenous population, we retrospectively analyzed the potential risk factors., Study Design: We conducted a retrospective study among 200 patients (median age 12.4 years, IQR: 7.9-16.1) with acute leukemia who received peripheral blood allogenic HSCT after radiation-free myeloablative conditioning regimen, in pediatric cell therapy department of Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology and Cell Therapy (RIOHCT), Tehran, Iran, between December 2014 and December 2021. Associations between risk factors and outcomes were examined by univariable and multivariable logistic regression models., Results: A total of 46 patients (23%) had developed HC during the study period. The median onset of HC was 29 (IQR: 24-37) days post-transplant, and it persisted for a median of 33 (7-270) days. The incidence of HC in our patients was estimated to be 3 in 1000 cases (95% CI: 2-4). The results of multivariable logistic model shows that the chance of HC in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) compared to B-cell All is nearly five times more (OR = 4.88; 95%CI: (1.51-15.78), P = 0.008). The incidence of HC in patients who underwent HSCT from haploidentical donors was significantly higher than full matched donors (P < 0.001). Undergoing transplant from a matched unrelated and haploidentical donor both augment the chance of HC in about six times more than matched related donors (OR = 6.36; 95%CI: (1.58-25.49), P = 0.009 and OR = 5.7; 95%CI: (1.83-17.75), P = 0.003, respectively). In patients who developed HC compared to non-HC group, overall survival was much worse (P < 0.001)., Discussion: Most studies have failed to demonstrate any relationship between late-onset HC and the dose of cyclophosphamide. In our study, although the dose of cyclophosphamide was similar in HSCT from MRD and MUD, the hazard of HC incidence was significantly higher in the latter group. This could be accredited to ATG, as in patients in the MRD group who had not received any ATG, the incidence of HC was much lower than the patients who had underwent HSCT from MUD or haploidentical donor group., Conclusions: Patients with T-cell ALL and those who under haploidentical HSCT had the highest incidence of HC., (Copyright © 2022 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Objective: In response to the increasing rates of suicide in military personnel throughout the world, there is an increasing focus on the development and implement of interventions aimed at preventing suicide among this group. Therefore, the goal of the present systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of interventions focused on preventing suicidal ideation and behavior in military personnel., Method: Search for articles was conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), IranMedex, Scientific Information Database (SID), and MagIran. International databases were searched from June 2008 to May 2019, and Iranian databases were searched from their inception to May 2019. RCT and non-RCT studies focused on the effectiveness of preventive interventions for suicide in military personnel were included in the analysis. Narrative synthesis of results was the main strategy for data analysis., Results: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 articles were selected. Interventions were divided into four categories according to their nature: interventions based on psychotherapy, interventions based on crisis management, interventions based on pharmacotherapy, and community-based interventions. In addition, most studies had moderate methodological quality., Conclusion: Most of the preventive interventions were effective in reducing suicidal ideation and behavior in military personnel; however, in some cases, there were serious challenges in terms of effectiveness. Interventions based on cognitive-behavioral approaches constitute a significant portion of the interventions. Overall, RCTs and non-RCTs, especially community-based studies, need to use more rigorous examinations in order to gain research and clinical support. HIGHLIGHTSInterventions based on psychotherapy and community-based interventions were the most commonly used interventions, respectively.The majority of interventions based on psychotherapy came from cognitive-behavioral approaches.There are few evidence-based studies on prevention of suicide in military personnel.