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Adler was among the first feminists who opposed Freud's views on the inferiority of women. He argued that it was society, not nature, which had hindered women's affinity for Social Interest and that this oppression could be overcome through movements for social justice. He believed that women held the capacity and resilience to fight for themselves against gender-based tyranny. One such fundamental tyranny is against women's bodily autonomy through the enforcement of strict dress codes, especially in autocratic countries such as Iran. The tyranny of the compulsory hijab in Iran is used to describe the mandatory dress code imposed on women, which involves covering their hair and wearing loose-fitting garments that conceal their bodies. This dress code, referred to as hijab, has been enforced since the Islamic Revolution in 1979. In September 2022, the murder of the Iranian woman Mahsa Amini for her supposed improper observance of hijab ignited the worldwide Woman, Life, Freedom movement. This movement calls for the preservation of women's rights and a shift to secular democracy in Iran. Adlerian art therapy workshops inspired by this movement were held in Vancouver, Canada, to promote resilience and social justice in the Iranian diaspora. These workshops successfully echoed the Woman, Life, Freedom movement and encouraged allyship and advocacy for women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although numerous social interest scales and questionnaires exist, none has specifically been developed to measure social interest in Iranian children. In response to this gap in research, we developed the 24-item Social Interest Scale for Iranian Children (SISIC), which was based on a first-approximation 66-item scale that had less convincing factor-analytic support. The SISIC measures parents' statements about their children. Boys and girls from age 4 to 12 were selected from different cities in Iran. Confirmatory factor analysis identified three factors in our final 24-item scale, each of which revealed a critical Adlerian construct related to social interest: concern for others, courage, and vertical striving (reverse scored). We found that girls demonstrated more overall social interest than boys and less vertical striving. Differences among grade level were also identified. The SISIC will allow for more effective future research on social interest in children. Implications and future directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]