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Throughout history, folk tales reflect people's feelings, thoughts, and world perceptions, because of that they are an important element of Turkish folk literature. The folk tales, whose writers are generally unknown, which continue to represent oral tradition and culture, have a special place in Turkic lands. Turkish folk culture is the main source of these stories. Besides, the products of other cultures such as Arab, Iran and Indian cultures have been the source of our folk tales. The subjects of the stories that are common in these cultures are handled by Turkish authors and many works have been made. The work we will introduce in this study is one of the works of foreign culture. "es-Selsebîl fî Evsâfi'n-Nîl-i Mübâreke" is a work which we think it belongs to 16th century Classical Ottoman Turkish, because of its phonetical and orthographical attributes, and is a small folk story book. The events and adventures of Hâyid ibni Shâlûm during his long journey to reach the source of the Nile are described. The work has been written in a simple and lean language and has religious characteristics with the aim of teaching patience and determination to the people. In this study, the physical features, subject, source, language, spelling and sound features of the work named "es-Selsebîl fî Evsâfi'n-Nîl-i Mübâreke" was introduced and evaluated, then its text transcribed at the end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Due to inadequate cadaveric and living related organ supply, many end-stage renal disease patients go to Third World countries for commercial transplantation, although the high risk of complications is well established and ethical arguments debate this practice., Methods: The midterm outcome of 115 patients who had been commercially transplanted in various countries and admitted to our center for post-transplant care and follow-up between 1992 and 1999 was retrospectively analyzed. Data considering the transplantation practice and post-transplant course were collected from the patient files. Outcome of these patients was compared with those with a living related transplant performed at our center., Results: The patients (91 male and 24 female; mean age of 42 +/- 12 years) were transplanted in India (N = 106), Iraq (N = 7), and Iran (N = 2). The mean follow-up period was 64.5 +/- 23.9 months. Post-transplant course was complicated by numerous surgical and/or medical complications, and many of the latter were unconventional infections caused by malaria, invasive fungal infections, and pneumonia due to various opportunistic pathogens. Overall, 52 patients still have functioning allografts, while 22 lost their grafts, 20 died, and 21 were lost to follow-up. Graft survival rates at two, five, and seven years were 84, 66, and 53%, respectively, for the study group, while it was 86, 78, and 73% for living related transplantations performed at our center (P = 0.036). Patient survival rates for the same periods were 90, 80, and 74% for the study group and 90, 85, and 80% for the living related transplantations (P = 0.53)., Conclusions: Besides the ongoing ethical debate, commercial transplantation carries a high risk of unconventional complications, and despite that the patient survival rate is comparable, graft survival is worse than conventional living related transplantations at the midterm.