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Introduction: Medical emergencies are one of the most stressful situations in a dental office. The first and the most important step in managing the medical emergencies is the ability to provide basic life support, which requires knowledge, experience and equipment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the emergency equipment and drug status and the ability to use them by general dentists in three cities in Isfahan Province. Materials & Methods: The current cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted by referring to 85 general dental offices with a questionnaire. Data were analyzed with SPSS 23, and the results were reported in the form of the means for quantitative data and in the form of frequencies for qualitative data. In addition, independent t-test was used to assess statistical relationships at a significance level of (p value < 0.05). Results: Based on the results, 39.7% of dentists had encountered emergency events during the previous year, with vasovagal syncope as the most frequent of them. Hydrocortisone (35.6%) and nitroglycerin (32.8%) were the most common emergency drugs and an oxygen tank (54.7%) was the most common available equipment in dental offices. Independent t-test showed a significant relationship between participation in medical emergency courses and the availability of an emergency kit in the dental office (p value = 0.04). Conclusion: The majority of dental offices in our study had incomplete emergency kits and most of the dentists did not have adequate skill in providing emergency services such as IV or SC injections. The results of this study strongly suggest proper practical training both for dentists and students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives The most common type of reaction in blood donors is vasovagal reactions (VVRs). VVRs can negatively affect donor retention. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of VVRs in Kurdistan Blood Center and impact of VVRs on donor return rates. Materials and Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the donors referring to Blood Center of Kurdistan province in 2015. In addition, donors who had VVRs were evaluated for return donation within 12 months. Results were analyzed by SPSS 16 software and Pearson's correlation was applied for analysis. Results A total of 25891 blood donors were enrolled. Of the total number of donors, 170 (0.65%) experienced VVRs (157 male and 13 female); of these, 164 (95.9%) developed mild reaction, 3 (1.8%) had moderate, and 4 (2.4%) developed severe reaction. The mean age of female and male donors who experienced VVRs was 31.4 and 30.73 years, respectively. First-time donors (1.2%) had greater possibility to have a reaction. Donors with hemoglobin less than 15 gr/dl were significantly associated with VVR (p=0.004). The correlation of the body weight with VVR was significant (p=0.008). The return rate within 1 year was 18% (32/170) among donors with VVRs. Conclusions The results showed that the frequency of vasovagal reactions is higher in men with a greater weight loss than the minimum defined for blood donation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]