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This article presents the findings of a comparative study of values-based adult learning and education (ALE) fields; specifically, in Austria, critical-emancipatory adult basic education; Scotland, learner-centered, community-based adult learning; and South Tyrol, Italy, the "Winterschule," a radical-critical popular education format. We studied the voices of experienced practitioners to understand their challenges and constraints and how they resisted changes that did not reflect their values. It highlights local practices to promote visibility, create dialogue, and strengthen the understanding and recognition of these fields in which practitioners are unequivocally committed to social justice. Our findings highlighted repertoires of resistance, affirmed pedagogy as a values-based endeavor, and elucidated practitioners' commitments to holistic approaches that re-negotiate ideas of social justice for people and the planet. Our analysis shows that when ideas of social justice are shared amongst allies, practitioners can effectively maintain their values-based approaches and thus re-affirm and protect democratic ALE practice.

The article discusses Juan and Antonio Cabezón's trip to Italy during the 16th century. The author reports that the two Spanish composers were able to meet with Italian musicians and study toccata's composition in particular. It is noted that both countries learned from each other about organ music.

The article discusses Spanish composers Antonio and Juan de Cabezón's trip to Italy during the 16th century. The author reports that the two organists had been able to meet Italian musicians and to learn from them, and to visit some of the great instruments of the country, including the one situated in San-Lorenzo.

Background: Little is known about the clinical value of Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-7 (IGFBP7), a cellular senescence marker, in an elderly general population with multiple co-morbidities and high prevalence of asymptomatic cardiovascular ventricular dysfunction. Inflammation and fibrosis are hallmarks of cardiac aging and remodelling. Therefore, we assessed the clinical performance of IGFBP7 and two other biomarkers reflecting these pathogenic pathways, the growth differentiation factor-15 (GFD-15) and amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (P1NP), for their association with cardiac phenotypes and outcomes in the PREDICTOR study., Methods: 2001 community-dwelling subjects aged 65-84 years who had undergone centrally-read echocardiography, were selected through administrative registries. Atrial fibrillation (AF) and 4 echocardiographic patterns were assessed: E/e' (> 8), enlarged left atrial area, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and reduced midwall circumference shortening (MFS). All-cause and cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization were recorded over a median follow-up of 10.6 years., Results: IGFBP7 and GDF-15, but not P1NP, were independently associated with prevalent AF and echocardiographic variables after adjusting for age and sex. After adjustment for clinical risk factors and cardiac patterns or NT-proBNP and hsTnT, both IGFBP7 and GDF-15 independently predicted all-cause mortality, hazard ratios 2.13[1.08-4.22] and 2.03[1.62-2.56] per unit increase of Ln-transformed markers, respectively., Conclusions: In a community-based elderly cohort, IGFBP7 and GDF-15 appear associated to cardiac alterations as well as to 10-year risk of all-cause mortality.