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The multivariate nature of academic well-being makes difficult to provide a single definition, and finding adequate measures is a difficult task. We accomplished this purpose using job satisfaction and work engagement as measures for academic well-being thanks to the results obtained from the project PIR 2012 "Productivity of Italian Researchers" and the results of the questionnaire UWES-17 administered to Italian scholars. The territorial element appeared to be important to analyse properly the phenomenon of well-being; in particular, we used two notions of territoriality. One aimed to gather information relatively to the perception of the Italian academic system with respect to foreign systems and was mainly concerned with job satisfaction. The other one aimed to gather information at the regional level, comparing the three dimensions of work engagement by macro-areas. The results of our research indicate that there is a lower perception of the Italian system respect to foreign countries because of insufficient career opportunities and an inadequate administrative and bureaucratic structure. This reveals dissatisfaction of Italian academic workers and low academic well-being. From the second analysis we learn that there are significant differences among the engagement scores obtained in different Italian macro-areas but, most importantly, the mean value of engagement in all the areas was only "average". Low levels of engagement may be the result of low levels of well-being. This empirical analysis offers precious data and suggestions for the Italian policy maker and, in general, for policy makers of similar countries. Enhancing the satisfaction and the engagement of academic workers is fundamental to prevent detrimental outflows of skilled human capital and to attract foreign skilled human capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The built heritage in Italy holds enormous value for the community and cultural assets such as monuments and buildings, places of worship and fortifications, were often considered unrelated to their surroundings despite their great interest. Large towns, small villages and the countryside depend on each other and are in balance with each other, so all rural and cultural landscapes represent a rich heritage composed of various types of spaces characterised by great diversity. Case study is the Casina Spinelli located in the Calabricito forest, in the territory of the city of Acerra. The contribution attempts to demonstrate how the adoption of aerial survey methodologies and photometric restitution allow, through and with the help of historical research, an interesting and renewed tourist archive of the territorial heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years the bio-districts have been considerably spread in Italy. The bio-district can be defined as a locally rooted multifunctional project with the involvement of farms and institutions. Our research aims at assessing potential relations between territorial, socio-economic features and the presence of bio-districts in an area, by means of a logit regression analysis at municipal scale in Italy. Data have been collected from several sources, among which ISTAT digital databases. Main results show as farms with diversification activities and the presence of Local Action Groups are factors related to the rising of bio-districts in a territory. Moreover, the study highlights the role of bio-districts in disadvantageous and mountain areas, in developing effective territorial governance. In terms of policy implication, CAP 2023-2027 can constitute the ideal bench for testing bio-districts function playing a crucial role in reaching the objective set by the Farm to Fork strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ager: Journal of Depopulation & Rural Development Studies / Revista de Estudios sobre Despoblación y Desarrollo Rural is the property of Rolde de Estudios Aragoneses and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Turismo & Desenvolvimento (RT&D) / Journal of Tourism & Development is the property of Associacao de Gestao e Planeamento em Turismo da Universidade de Aveiro (AGPTUA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The process of political and territorial unification of the Kingdom of Italy (1860) and Austria-Hungary (1867) highlighted the issues of territoriality both on land and at sea. As a part of that effort, a need of maritime survey of the Adriatic conducted by the joint forces of the Austro-Hungarian and Italian hydrographic offices appeared. The purpose of this endeavour was to enable the production of modern charts based on a comprehensive survey covering the whole sea surface area, from coast to coast. Under the supervision of Commander Tobias Ritter von Oesterreicher and Counter-Admiral Duke Antonio Imbert, the survey started in 1866 and, by the end of 1873, resulted in a general chart of the Adriatic, 4 course charts of the Adriatic Sea, 55 coastal charts as well as number of harbour plans. This paper presents an analysis of the course of the survey, its products as well as its impact on the subsequent cartography of the Adriatic Sea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Third Sector is assuming an ever greater role in various social spheres, in particular with an increasingly important role in the construction of welfare policies. In 2017 the Third Sector was reformed with a single text, regulating all types of organizations defined "Third Sector Entities (ETS)". It is possible to identify in the contents of the reform an attempt to link ETS and welfare, as well as between welfare policies and territorial imbalances. However, at the moment it seems that the ETS are not playing a decisive role of agents of change. Rethinking local social policies with an active role of the ETS and tracing new profiles is strategic for the future of the welfare state in Italy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this paper is to analyze cultural tourism in Italy and its relationship with the territory (that is considered the principal driver of the analysis) and to provide a tool to policy makers to know the territorial dynamics and identify the best local development policies. The cultural tourism is studied by the relation between tourism statistics and cultural statistics; data used for this study mainly derive from the official surveys produced by Istat (Italian National Institute for Statistics): "Capacity and Occupancy in accommodation establishments" and "Museums and other cultural institutions". Through a georeferenced approach, mapping the variables on tourism (arrivals and bed places) and culture (museums/cultural exhibits and admissions) at Italian municipality level with reference to the year 2015, the analysis allows the identification of well-defined geographical areas having significant different tourism and cultural characteristics. A system is proposed to categorize the Italian territory in order to identify the areas with the greatest cultural-tourism vocation and those having greatest potential for development, focusing on the most explanatory case studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Around 2.5 billion people worldwide consume street food every day, thanks to it being low cost, easily available, and convenient. Street food also has high socioeconomic value, as it fosters preservation of the local cultural and food heritage, resulting in increased benefits from tourism and strengthened links with the territory. Two street food operators were reviewed, using the Business Model Canvas (BMC), to investigate street food in Italy and draw public attention to the current situation, highlighting what is needed to counteract flattening of flavors, to promote tourism and safeguard local identity. This initial study aims to identify the unique aspects of the street food business and to describe its close links to its surroundings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent research shows employer associations strategically responding to external challenges, from collective bargaining decentralisation, by altering their offerings of "selective" goods (to directly address threats to membership levels) and of "elective" goods (to revenues). Implicit is that traditional "collective goods" are irrelevant for achieving sustainability. That literature also suggests that territorial associations are more vulnerable than sectoral ones. In this qualitative, longitudinal comparative case study, we explore why and how two territorial associations, the largest each in Italy and Australia, have pursued sustainability by also innovatively enlarging their collective goods activities. This has involved shifting from bargaining leadership to promoting economic dynamism within their territories. Using metaorganisation theory and the resource‐based view, we explain how these associations realised their strategic advantages. Our evidence suggests that innovatively developing new collective goods may be another important way associations can improve their competitive positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to explore the attitude of residents towards the phenomenon of tourism. Specifically, the study aims to highlight the factors that can affect, positively or negatively, the relationship between residents and tourists. The geographical context of the study is the Iblei tourist district.The Iblei tourist district was founded in 2010. Its mission is to promote, develop and promote the integrated tourism offer of the Ibleo territory. The study involved 320 residents, the scales used are: the Tourism Impact Attitude Scale-TIAS (Lankford and Howard, 1994), the Satisfaction with Life Scale-SWLS (Diener et al., 1985) and the affective and evaluative attitude of residents towards tourism (Osgood et al., 1957). The results show how the satisfaction with the quality of life perceived by the resident is able to mediate the relationship of dependence between the attitude he has towards tourism and the global attitude in terms of utility and affection towards the phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Letonica is the property of University of Latvia, Institute of Literature, Folklore & Art and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Italian agro-food is the third industry in Europe, after Germany and France. The connection between culture and territory has made the Mediterranean dieta a value for the whole humanity. The relevance of agro-food industry for Italian economy leads us to investigate geographical strategies to promote the 'Made in Italy' in the world. We present results of some cases studies of agro-food firms. Our article offers an innovative perspective for promoting Italian agro-food industry in the world. It reinforces the idea that both technological and non-technological innovations have to be realized to support geographical diversification of firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of agricultural multi-functionality is affirmed in European countries in the 1990s of the XX century to contrast the agricultural crisis, sustain the farmers income and protect the biodiversity of rural landscapes. In 1996, the Declaration of Cork, after revealing incoherence in CAP and underlining that public support for rural development is acceptable if harmonized with a proper management of natural resources and with the conservation and maintenance of biodiversity of the landscape, promoted a ten-step program to battle rural mass migration and to promote employment and equal opportunities. This paper wants to emphasize the state of the art relation that there is among agriculture, territory and multi-functionality in consideration of the new European program 2014-2020. Taking for example, the South-East of Sicily in general and the Plateau of Modica in particular. Where we can find a considerable livestock patrimony which, on its own, is of great aesthetic and identity value. If preserved, it may continue to be a great resource for the whole territory. These objectives can be reached, not only, by a marked rural policy with strong local roots in the territory and the diversification of livestock farms that can satisfy the social demand for leisure time, tourism and culture. Multi-functionality in the rural environment is completely recognized by the new European program 2014-2020, which again aims to assure a sustainable, competitive and multi-functional agriculture. Consequently, the experimentation of additional activities, compared to the primary function of producing food, fits into the areas under inspection as strategies to avoid the decline of agricultural land values and at the same time as an opportunity to benefit from European programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Italian manufacturing sector features after the «ventennio infelice» (twenty years of economic and industrial long term slowdown) 1990-2010. In particular the research question concerns whether it is still possible to discuss this issue by analysing the industrial districts. They were rediscovered during the 1970s by Giacomo Becattini (1979). From that moment on great attention has been paid to this economic model and to its Italian empirical evidences (e.g. Piore - Sabel 1984; Porter 1990). Nowadays the industrial district is considered as an obsolete model by most observers, mainly due to the industrial decline and the pressure of globalization. By analysing several Italian districts cases of success - even if they need specific policies to strengthen their community services and infrastructures - the author aims at reversing this perspective: territory is here not merely understood as a stock of resources but as a living system, therefore it still plays a role in activating and sustaining economic and social development processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is focused on the contribution that French Swiss geographer Claude Raffestin has made to Italian geography studies and, more generally, on his role in linking Italian geography to social theory and philosophy. It also explores the adoption of, and the engagement with, his ideas by a select group of Italian geographers during the last three decades or so. The first part of this paper claims that one reason for such an influence is Raffestin's capacity to be often conceptually 'ahead of time' and to his extraordinary capacity to present his theoretical approach in a very accessible way. While reflecting on how his concepts of 'territory' and 'territoriality', together with his speculation on the relationship between semiotics, power, and space, left a deep mark on the ways in which the discipline is practised in Italy today, the paper also shows how and why other aspects of Raffestin's work were less received. The second part of this paper is thus focused on four key 'intersections' of people, concepts, events, etc in which Raffestin's specific contribution to the Italian intellectual scene became particularly remarkable. The conclusion, while restating that any clear cultural mapping of Raffestin's 'Italian travels' is, perhaps, an operation doomed to failure (if anything, because of the complexity of his diverse interventions), at the same time highlights how his work has been and continues today to be of extraordinary relevance for Italian geographers and for their practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crisis has if anything shown that myopic views satisfying short-term interests cannot be the basis for sustainable economic policies. Rather, this paper calls for a more holistic approach to understanding and developing industrial policy and develops a tool to view such policy initiatives. This 'sundial' is based on four main pillars: entitlements (seen here as the right and capability of individuals to take part in the learning processes underlying development); provisions (the tangible and intangible resources necessary for development); innovation (the necessary dynamic character of any action supporting development, adjusting and sustaining learning processes determining development paths); and territory (as learning processes sustaining development are embedded in specific territories). We suggest that whatever the territory under consideration, policy action must be coherent at all levels, be it regional, national or supranational. We apply this analysis to the specific case of Emilia-Romagna (ER), and argue that the case shows how a long-term and sustainable vision of industrial development can be effectively defined and implemented if this is done in a process involving local stakeholders and ensuring consensus. The ER industrial policy also illustrates a way to develop beyond the 'traditional' Italian model of industrial development based on industrial districts. However, we argue that regional level initiatives could do with more support from consistent national level policy initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Italy only few researches have been devoted to the analysis of the farmhouses market. This stems from the difficulty of having information about the real price of selling. In an attempt to partially overcome such drawback, the offer prices of more than 600 farmhouses were collected from the website of the estate agents in the Veneto region in 2008. Using these data it was found that the factors affecting the value of the farmhouses are in many ways similar to those of the housing market of the region. The value of the farmhouses is higher in the cities and tends to decline gradually moving to the metropolitan municipalities and to the marginal rural areas. In the hills and mountains, however, the value tends to be higher than the urban houses. The value of the rural houses seems depend on the degree of economic development of the territory and its environmental and landscape features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents Chapter 11 of the book "Research in Urban Sociology," Volume 11, edited by Camilla Perrone, Gabriele Manella and Lorenzo Tripodi. It examines the perception and satisfaction of product users using the data gathered from an empirical survey in Navigli area of Milan, Italy and evaluates the basis of product consumption. It highlights how immaterial characteristics affect the consumption of a place. Furthermore, it provides a case study to investigate the capacity, market potential and competition in Navigli area.

The article is based on an ethnographic observation of a crew of graffiti writers in the northeast of Italy. Extending some considerations emerging from the case study, the article advances a reflection on the territorial dimension of graffiti writing in urban environments and the relationship between walls, social relationships and the public domain. This task entails understanding walls as artefacts that are subject to both strategic and tactical uses, as well as the relationship between walls and the public domain as a territorial configuration. In particular, graffiti writing is observed as an interstitial practice that creates its own specific way of using walls: it is a "longitudinal" rather than a "perpendicular" style, which transform the wall into a fragment of a "prolongable" series, a part of a continuing conversation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue d'Économie Régionale & urbaine is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article aims to examine how, and to what extent, the process of Europeanisation has affected the reshaping of territorial representation in Italy. To explore this research question, it was considered how European Cohesion Policy and structural funds exercise a potential influence over the key dimensions of representation by providing regions with the opportunity to strengthen their roles as both ‘actors’ and ‘arenas’ of representation. Empirical research conducted through interviews and the analysis of documents in all twenty Italian regions revealed how each region has reacted to structural funds in a distinctive way due to different internal factors, such as the legacy of pre-existing policy styles and political structures, and the attitudes of the political/administrative elite. The article discusses this point in detail by focusing on the changes that occurred (or did not occur) at the regional level in light of the aforementioned dimensions of representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is based on the study of what a local digital food hub is. Topics such as the sustainability of agri-food systems, de-agrarianization and the causes related to them are covered, but also such principles as "shared value", useful for improving the competitiveness of a company as well as the economical and social conditions within the communities in which it operates. In addition to these discussions, an excursus is created on the actual developments of the models ranging from "field to table", with the new possibilities obtained from modern types of distribution networks, particularly focusing on Food Hubs and the first reasons for the validity of the system. Having explained these issues, the focus shifts exclusively to the Food Hub topic, defining what it is and what the models used for its different structures are, also based on the social and local contexts in which this reality is located or created. The results of the study highlight the presence of Food Hubs already developed and functioning in the USA, although they are almost non-existent in Europe and Italy where they could be a source of economic recovery in this sector, with the possibility of both digital and non-digital development. The presence of the only concrete example of a food hub in Italy is highlighted. Also, the current problems faced by Italian politics are considered regarding the possible legislative evolutions for the innovation and digitization of businesses, supported by the new financial programs envisaged by the "New Generation EU" European Plan, through which substantial funds have been allocated to Italy, also for the development of digital innovations and the enhancement of Italian products, as well as the "made in Italy" brand., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The Italian food movement shows some peculiarities of meeting consumer demand in the foodservice subsector where innovation is considered strategic to meet targets and reach goals. A particular kind of innovation is the return to tradition by enhancement of the territory, e.g., reinstating local recipes and local gastronomy or high-quality local raw materials. Some entrepreneurs are redefining the fast-food service, providing foodstuffs through a short supply chain. The aim of this paper is to identify the different hamburger foodservices operating in North-West Italy and address their diverse peculiarities. A sample of 11 hamburger restaurants was identified, a mystery shopping analysis was implemented to collect information on the foodservice phenomenon, and a Business Model Canvas was carried out to compare different foodservices. The results consider two different hamburger foodservices, i.e., International Hamburger Foodservice (IHF) and Local Hamburger Foodservice (LHF), the former concentrating mainly on customer service, human resource management, and operations management, and the latter focussing on high product quality in terms of materials and psychology, plus selection of local raw materials and ingredients, supporting the local economy and businesses. Moreover, the findings provide some information on the interaction between selected Hamburger Foodservices and related supply chains, highlighting the consumer transition toward meals of high quality standards in terms of raw materials and ingredients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Italian manufacturing sector features after the «ventennio infelice» (twenty years of economic and industrial long term slowdown) 1990-2010. In particular the research question concerns whether it is still possible to discuss this issue by analysing the industrial districts. They were rediscovered during the 1970s by Giacomo Becattini (1979). From that moment on great attention has been paid to this economic model and to its Italian empirical evidences (e.g. Piore - Sabel 1984; Porter 1990). Nowadays the industrial district is considered as an obsolete model by most observers, mainly due to the industrial decline and the pressure of globalization. By analysing several Italian districts cases of success - even if they need specific policies to strengthen their community services and infrastructures - the author aims at reversing this perspective: territory is here not merely understood as a stock of resources but as a living system, therefore it still plays a role in activating and sustaining economic and social development processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]