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Introduction: Brain parenchymal abscesses are relatively infrequent but potentially serious infections in the paediatric population. Surgical intervention in addition to a prolonged administration of antibiotics is generally appropriate management. Aims and objective: We performed this study to assess the clinical profile, aetiology and outcome of paediatric brain abscess which are treated surgically only by aspiration in the tribal region of Rajasthan. Material and method: A single-centre retrospective study was conducted over a 5 year period (2014-2019) in the department of neurosurgery in RNT medical college, Udaipur, Rajasthan. We treated approx. 60 patients of which 25 patients treated conservatively and 5 patient treated by craniotomy and abscess excision. So only 30 patient included in our study in which abscess treated by aspiration only. Patients<18 years of age with a confirmed intra-parenchymal abscess were included. Patient records were reviewed for abscess location, microbiology results, Clinical features, Surgical intervention, and outcome using the Glasgow Outcome Score at 3 months. Result: 11 patients had an abscess in the temporal lobe and Streptococcus was the most common causative micro-organism (n=15). 25 patients (80%) had an identifiable source which included: ENT infections, congenital cardiac malformations, recent dental surgery and meningitis. The most common symptom is fever f/b headache, seizure and vomiting. But despite previous studies seizure (10/30) presentation is comparatively more. All 30 patients underwent aspiration. Conclusion: In tribal regions of India ENT infections are a more common source of brain abscess because of poor hygiene and illiteracy and their ignorance of ENT infections and also not taking seriously to fever, headache and other health issues. But at present, there are also decreasing trends of brain abscess by ENT infections and rising trends by congenital heart disease which is a good sign that the health and educational infrastructure is strengthening in the tribal region also. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Traumatic brain injury is a leading cause of death and disability among children, adolescents. Therefore, analysing outcome predictors and initiating preventive policies may contribute to decreased incidence and better prognosis. Aim. Aim to describe the epidemiologic characteristics, mechanism of injury, radiological findings and also to analyse the determinants of outcome that could help to provide better critical care and also to establish effective preventive policies. Material and Methods. We conducted a prospective study including patients ≤18 years admitted to our Neuro-intensive care unit at R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India from September 2016 to June 2018.Factors including age, gender, mode of injury, Glasgow coma score(GCS) at admission, pupillary size-reaction, radiological findings and their relation to outcome was assessed. Patients were divided into mild, moderate and severe head injury according to GCS. Outcome of patients was assessed by Glasgow outcome scale. For statical Analysis used Chisquare test. Statistical Analysis was carried out using Stata 11.0(College station, Texas, USA). Results. The study comprised of 84 paediatric patients. 44.4%of patients were within 1-5-year age group. The most common cause for trauma was falls and traffic accidents. Patients with mild, moderate and severe head injury were 38.1%, 47.6%and 14.3% respectively. Poor outcome predictors included severity of head injury, pupil size and reaction, midline shift on CT. Conclusion. This study emphasizes increased burden of paediatric brain injury with assessment of predicting factors for more effective critical care of patients and emerging need for effective fall and traffic accidents prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]