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An experiment was conducted during October to January, 2018 at Gir Cattle Farm, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India to evaluate the effect of hydroponic maize fodder with and without supplementation of probiotics on rumen fermentation. A feeding trial of 120 days was conducted on 36 male Gir calves of same age group (6-12 months) and randomly allotted to nine dietary treatments. All the animals were offered basal feed ad lib. The T1 i.e. control group were fed concentrate mixture as per requirement. For calves in T2, T3, T4 and T5 groups, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of crude protein (CP) supplied through concentrate mixture was replaced by hydroponics maize green fodder, respectively. Whereas, in T6, T7, T8, T9 groups, 25% 50%, 75% and 100% of crude protein (CP) supplied through concentrate mixture was replaced by hydroponics maize green fodder along with probiotics, respectively. All the rumen parameters viz. pH, Total protozoal count (105 ml-1), Total Volatile Fatty Acids (meq l-1), Ammonia nitrogen (mg dl-1), Total nitrogen (mg dl-1), TCA-precipitable nitrogen (mg dl-1), and Non protein nitrogen (mg dl-1), were estimated according to treatment and time intervals. There was non-significant effect of treatments on rumen pH but due to time intervals were found to be highly significant (p<0.01). The concentration of Total protozoal count, Total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), Total ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), Total nitrogen, TCA-Precipitable N and Non-protein nitrogen (NPN) were highly significant (p<0.01) effect due to treatments and time intervals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Black gram (Vigna mungo) is one of the most important pulse crops grown throughout the country. It is hardy crop and fixes nitrogen in soil. Organic black gram fetch higher price in market i.e., Rs. 175 whereas other receive Rs. 120. Vermiwash, is one among the organic manures which has high potential to increase the crop growth and yield. Thus, present study aims to evaluate the influence of vermiwash prepared from different combination of organic sources on growth and yield of black gram. Methods: The field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2018 at Organic Farming Unit, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur, with nine treatments [T1= vermiwash from 100% cow dung, T2= vermiwash from 100% buffalo dung, T3= vermiwash from 50% cow dung + 25% dry farm waste + 25% green farm waste, T4= vermiwash from 50% buffalo dung + 25% dry farm waste + 25% green farm waste, T5= vermiwash from 90% green waste incubated with 10% cow dung, T6= vermiwash from 90% green waste incubated with 10% buffalo dung, T7= vermiwash from 90% dry waste incubated with 10% cow dung, T8= vermiwash from 90% dry waste incubated with 10% buffalo dung and T9= water spray (control)] and were replicated thrice in Randomize Block Design. Result: The result of experiment revealed that the application of vermiwash from 100% cow dung significant influence towards growth parameters and yield attributes thus achieved maximum seed yield, haulm yield and B:C ratio (2.3). On the basis of field performance, it may be concluded that the treatment T1(top dressing in two equal split application at the rate of 10% at initiation of flowering and 15 days after 1st spray) may be recommended as a better organic package of blackgram. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Weeds infestation is one of the major threats to crop production and leads to severe crop-weed competition which finally reduce the crop productivity in term of quality and quantity. To enhance crop productivity therefore efficacy of various pre and post-emergence herbicides were evaluated on the basis of Amaranthus viridis, Commelina benghalensis and Cynodon dactylon population reduction, nutrient concentration and their uptake by groundnut. Methods: The present investigation was conducted consecutively for two kharif seasons of 2016 and 2017, at Instructional Farm, CTAE, MPUAT, Udaipur with six weed management practices and four phosphorus levels thus, 30 treatment combinations; all were evaluated in split-plot design with three replications. Result: The experimental results revealed that all herbicidal treatments as well as weed free recorded significantly lowest weed density as well as highest weed control efficiency, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentration and also their uptake by groundnut as compared to weedy check except quizalofop-ethyl at 30 DAS in respect to control Cynodon dactylon. Further, pod yield response to phosphorus was found quadratic. The results also showed that phosphorus exhibit significantly increase nutrients concentration and their uptake by groundnut over control during the experimentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation was undertaken to study the epidemiological features and clinico-haemato-biochemical changes in colibacillosis affected lambs in and around Udaipur region. A total of 100 rectal swab samples were collected from selected diarrhoeic lambs. The samples were subjected for the isolation of E. coli through a series of conventional bacteriological and biochemical techniques. Besides prevalence study, risk factors were also studied and they were-age, sex, hygienic status and season. The overall prevalence of E. coli in the rectal swabs of diarrhoeic lambs of 0 to 3 month age group was 78 per cent (n=78/100). The prevalence was higher 86.53 per cent (45/52) in the lambs that were reared in poor hygienic condition as compared 68.75 per cent (33/48) to the lambs that were reared under good hygienic condition. The neonates (0-15 days) were highly susceptible 89.6 per cent (26/29) to E. coli infection as compared to 3 months old lambs (57.6 per cent; n=15/26). The prevalence of colibacillosis was higher in male lambs than female lambs but statistically there was no significant difference in the prevalence of colibacillosis in male and female lambs (P>0.05). The highest overall prevalence of colibacillosis in lambs during rainy season (92.8 per cent), followed by winter (77.7 per cent) and summer season (50 per cent) at organized farm and under field condition collectively. Each colibacillosis affected lamb was also subjected to thorough clinico-haemato-biochemical changes. There was significant increase in rectal temperature, heart rate and respiration rate and faecal consistency was semi-solid to watery. Haematological examination of colibacillosis affected lambs revealed significant increase in haemoglobin, PCV, TEC, TLC and neutrophils and significant decrease in MCV, MCH and MCHC. While, biochemical examinations of colibacillosis affected lambs revealed marked decrease in serum sodium, serum chloride and serum glucose and significant increase in serum potassium, total serum protein and A/G ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was aimed to make a report on “Icthiyofaunal diversity of Goverdhhan Sagar Lake (Udaipur, Rajasthan)” during January, 2018 to June 2018. The reservoir has a fairly rich in fish fauna and so far 32 species representing 9 families have been recorded. Out of these, Cyprinidae family predominantly contributed to the commercial fisheries of this reservoir. During study period, the Indian major caps were dominated in catch with the contribution of 90 percent to the total landings from Lake Gowardhan Sagar. Besides the Indian major carps, minor carps and catfishes were also reported in the catch. Among the Indian major carps, Catla catla dominated the groups followed by Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala. The lake is in need to be conserve for the some species, which are found very less during the study period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are different types of pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) carrying various types of genes. E. coli has universal stress protein (usp) genes which are species specific and confirm its presence. The uspA gene is important for survival of E. coli during cellular growth, adhesion and motility. Likewise, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) are an important cause of infantile diarrhoea which colonizes the small intestinal epithelial lining and causes lesions in the microvilli. There are several different well-characterized and putative adhesive factors involved in this process including bundle forming pilin (BFP) protein, and well defined bfpA gene. In the present study, E. coli were isolated from a total of 100 diarrhoeic lambs of Udaipur region located in southern part of Rajasthan. These isolates were screened by a series of biochemical tests and then subjected to amplification of the genomic DNA using universal stress protein A (uspA) gene for E. coli resulting into a single amplicon of 884 bp. These isolates were then subjected to characterization of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) using bundle forming pilin protein A (bfpA) gene. The amplification of bfpA gene resulted into a single amplicon of 326 bp. A normal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify genes and quantification of amplified products of both the genes were obtained by using fluorescent probes or fluorescent DNA-binding dyes and real-time PCR instruments that measure fluorescence while performing the thermal cycling for PCR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mastitis is an economically important disease in goats. In the present study, a total of 100 quarter milk samples were collected from 50 apparently healthy Sirohi Goats in Udaipur district. The culture examination of these samples revealed the prevalence of subclinical mastitis in Sirohi goats as 26 (26/100) % and 34 (17/50) % on udder quarter basis and animal basis, respectively. The highest prevalence of subclinical mastitis was observed in 3rd lactation (50%). Among the different isolates, staphylococci were found as most prevalent organism accounting for 37.50 (12/32) %, followed by streptococci 28.12 (9/32) %, E. coli 18.75 (6/32) %, bacilli 9.37 (3/32) % and Corynebacterium spp. 6.25 (2/32) %. The threshold values of modified California mastitis test, total somatic cell count and electrical conductivity in subclinical mastitic milk samples were observed to be +1, 1.0 million cells/ml of milk and 6.0 mS/cm, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present study was carried out in 836 calves suffering with tropical theileriosis and clinical signs manifested were investigated. In these calves most common clinical sign recorded were swollen pre scapular lymph nodes and tick infestation in 89.95 per cent, fever in 82.89 per cent cattle, anorexia in 78.70 per cent cases and depression in 69.97 per cent cases. Anaemia was recorded in 60.88 per cent cases. Least common clinical signs recorded associated with tropical theileriosis were constipation (28.94%), dyspnoea (24.76%), conjuctival hemorrhage (20.93%), prefemoral lymph node swelling (9.56%) and haemoglobinuria (1.07%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]