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Fatty acid composition of beef adipose tissue is one of its important traits because a high proportion of monounsaturated fatty acid is related to favorable beef flavor and tenderness. In this study, we searched polymorphisms in full length coding DNA sequence of urotensin 2 recepter and investigated the effects on fatty acid composition ( C14:0, C14:1, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, monounsaturated fatty acid, saturated fatty acid). Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNP) were identified by sequence comparison among eight animals, including five Japanese Black and three Holstein cattle. One of these SNP (c.866 C> T) was predicted to cause amino acid substitutions ( P289L) and the other seven synonymous SNP, including c.267 C> T, were presumed to be in linkage disequilibrium. Therefore we selected two SNP (c.267 C> T and c.866 C> T) for further analysis. We investigated associations between these genotypes and fatty acid composition in three Japanese Black populations ( n = 560, 245 and 287) and a Holstein population ( n = 202). Tukey- Kramer's honestly significant difference test revealed that CC genotype in c.267 C> T indicated lower C14:0 and higher C18:1 than the other genotypes in Japanese Black cattle and CC genotype in c.866 C> T showed lower C16:1 than CT genotype in Holstein cattle ( P < 0.05). These results suggested that these genotypes would contribute to production of high-grade meat as selection markers in beef cattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A fiber-based frequency comb has been developed to measure the frequency of a 633-nm iodine-stabilized laser at the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ). The measured frequency was consistent with the previous results measured with a Ti:sapphire-based comb. The NMLJ comb was shipped to Australia for the validation of the measurement capability of the National Measurement Institute, Australia (NMIA) and NMIJ combs using a common microwave reference and a common optical frequency. Consequently, the frequency consistency of the two combs was approximately 8 × 10-17. Furthermore, we demonstrate that an absolute mode number of the comb can easily and clearly be determined by using the two combs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]