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In this study, susceptibilities of Pasteurella multocida, Mannheimia haemolytica and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae to enrofloxacin and orbifloxacin were tested using an agar diffusion method with the commercial disks and a broth microdilution method. Good correlation between the 2 methods for enrofloxacin and orbifloxacin was observed for P. multocida (r = -0.743 and -0.818, respectively), M. haemolytica (r = -0.739 and -0.800, respectively) and A. pleuropneumoniae (r = -0.785 and -0.809, respectively). Based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute interpretive criteria for enrofloxacin, high-level categorical agreement between the 2 methods was found for P. multocida (97.9%), M. haemolytica (93.8%) and A. pleuropneumoniae (92.0%). Our findings indicate that the tested commercial disks can be applied for susceptibility testing of veterinary respiratory pathogens.

Outbreaks of a subacute disease characterized by lameness, corneal turbidity, dysstasia and depression occurred in Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) on a farm in Aomori Prefecture in February and May 1991. Nine strains of Pasteurella multocida were isolated from 5 to 6 dead ducks, and 4 of 8 ducks with clinical signs. Serotypes of the isolates were identified as Heddleston's serotype 1, 10 or 12 and Namioka's serotypes 5:A, 8:A, 9:A or 9:UT. These isolates were highly susceptible to 12 antibiotics, although, some of them were considerably resistant to chloramphenicol. Mouse LD50 values of the 9 isolates ranged from 10(1.0) to 10(5.3). The most virulent strain for the mouse killed 2 to 4 ducks when inoculated intramuscularly at a concentration of 10(3.3). This is the first report of outbreaks of fowl cholera in Muscovy ducks infected with various serotypes strains of P. multocida in Japan.

Sixty one strains of Pasteurella multocida and 35 strains of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from pneumonic lesions of porcine lungs during the period from 1985 to 1989 in Japan were tested for antibiotic susceptibility to chlortetracycline (CTC), thiamphenicol (TP), tylosin (TS), acetylisovaleryl-tylosin (AIV-TS), tilmicosin (TMS), mirosamycin (MRM). Most strains of both species were sensitive to CTC, TP and TMS. Growth of fifty-one strains (83.6%) and forty-six strains (75.4%) of P. multocida were inhibited with 3.13 micrograms/ml of CTC and 0.78 micrograms/ml of TP, respectively. TS showed low activity against almost all strains (MIC > or = 6.25 micrograms/ml). Fifty-eight (95.1%), twenty-three (37.7%) and fifty (82%) of P. multocida showed MICs of > or = 6.25 micrograms/ml against AIV-TS, TMS and MRM, respectively. The MICs of A. pleuropneumoniae against CTC were less than 1.56 micrograms/ml. Thirty-two strains (91.4%) and 33 strains (94.3%) of A. pleuropneumoniae were inhibited with 3.13 micrograms/ml of TP and TMS respectively. However, TS, AIV-TS and MRM showed low activity against all of A. pleuropneumoniae (MIC > or = 6.25 micrograms/ml). Three different resistance patterns were observed in P. multocida and two in A. pleuropneumoniae isolates, respectively.

A 53-year-old male visited our hospital due to nasal obstruction persisting for 6 months and constant rhinorrhea. Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida was isolated from his nasal discharge and lavage fluid of the maxillary sinus, and also from the oral cavity of the dog he kept. The bacterial strains isolated from the patient and dog were identical in terms of biochemical properties, and drug sensitivity. Although serotype was different, the strain from the patient showed (A:6) and that from his dog showed (A:5). The microorganism is not present in the general environment. The patient had contact with his dog such as he kissed it frequently, gave it food with his chopsticks et al.. From the mouth of the people who kiss one's dog, we detected Pasteurella of the same character of bacteria as from the mouth of the dog. We detected two Pasteurella multocida of different character from only one mouth of a cat. Pasteurella multocida was checked in only one colony for sero type. Sero type A is the popular type for dogs and cats. The above suggest that their was a high possibility that the Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida found in the patient was from his dog. In Japan, the incidence of Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida infection has been increasing. In 1969, the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare officially communicated this infection as a zoonosis to related institutions. At both medical and surgical departments, wither the patient keeps a pet should be confirmed during interview, and guidance of pet keeping methods is important in some cases from the aspect of clinical bacteriology.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)