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Purpose: A number of clinical trials, including the FIRIS study, have shown that S-1 plus irinotecan (IRIS) is safe and effective in patients with colorectal cancer. Several different treatment protocols for IRIS are commonly used in Japan, besides the one used in the FIRIS study. This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of a 5-week cycle of IRIS. Methods: Between January 2005 and February 2008, a total of 55 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were enrolled at nine centers in Japan. All patients received irinotecan intravenously (80 mg/m) on days 1 and 15 and S-1 orally (40-60 mg twice daily, according to body surface area) on days 1-21 of a 5-week repeated cycle. Results: The overall response rate was 29.1 %. The response rate was 43.8 % in patients who received IRIS as first-line therapy and 23.1 % in those who received IRIS as second-line or subsequent therapy. The median survival time was 678 days (22.6 months). Adverse events of Grade 3 or higher that occurred at an incidence of ≥10 % were neutropenia (12.7 %) and diarrhea (10.9 %). Conclusion: Our efficacy and safety data suggest that a 5-week cycle of IRIS is an effective alternative to used currently regimens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since large eyes are often perceived to enhance facial attractiveness, many individuals are motivated to change their eyes' appearance. Colored contact lenses are often used by young women to darken the limbal rings of their irides, to increase their facial attractiveness. Among Westerners, wearing contact lenses with limbal rings enhances facial attractiveness; a similar effect might exist for East Asians whose irides are darker; although, the mechanism underlying these preferences in Westerners and East Asians might differ. In this study, we investigated whether larger irides increased the attractiveness of Japanese and Chinese women, and whether this effect was accompanied by changes in perceived friendliness or youthfulness. We manipulated eye size by enlarging only the iris or the whole eye, and asked participants to rate face stimuli in terms of facial attractiveness, friendliness, and youthfulness. We found that larger irides enhanced not only attractiveness but also perceived youthfulness and friendliness, and that there was a significant correlation between attractiveness and friendliness. Further, iris-enlarged faces were perceived as more attractive even when the iris was originally dark, as enlarged dark irides were confused with dilated pupils, which are often perceived as a sign of attraction., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Purpose: Myopia is a known risk factor of pigmentary glaucoma (PG), and the increased prevalence of myopia in Asian countries indicates that more cases of PG will likely develop soon. However, there are no diagnostic criteria for PG for Asians. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of PG in Japanese individuals and establish three diagnostic signs for PG., Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, case series study of glaucoma patients who visited the Kagoshima University Hospital between January 2015 and January 2020. The inclusion criteria were age <50 years at time of diagnosis and presence of pigmentation in the anterior chamber (AC) angle including a Sampaolesi line. Eyes with pigmentation of the AC angle caused by other types of glaucoma such as uveitis, trauma, exfoliation, or childhood glaucoma were excluded. We investigated the classic diagnostic triad of signs of PG; posterior corneal pigmentation, mid peripheral iris transillumination defect, and pigmentation of the trabecular meshwork. We also examined the Sampaolesi line, iris concavity, and midperipheral iris depigmentation in eyes with PG., Results: Ten eyes of 5 Japanese men and 10 eyes of 5 Japanese women were studied. Their age ranged from 13 to 46 years at the time of diagnosis. One eye had posterior corneal pigmentation and 6 eyes had pigmentation of the trabecular meshwork. None had mid peripheral iris transillumination defect. The Sampaolesi line, iris concavity, and midperipheral iris depigmentation were found in all patients except one patient who lacked the mid peripheral depigmentation. Two eyes had the pigment reversal sign, none had lens pigmentation, and 2 eyes had peripheral retinal degeneration., Conclusion: The presence of the Sampaolesi line, iris concavity, and midperipheral iris depigmentation may be appropriate signs for the diagnosis of PG in Asians., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

This paper introduces an application of iris recognition technology, using the iris pattern for horse identification. There are several problems to be solved in horse iris recognition: (1) It is very difficult for horses to remain motionless, which leads to mislocation and loss of focus during image acquisition, so that the images often have poor quality. (2) Pupil size varies significantly between the conditions of dilation (mydriasis) and contraction (miosis). (3) Horse iris patterns are not clear. As a solution for issue (1), we used the reflection of the illumination sources employed for image acquisition and chose adequate images suitable for recognition. For issues (2) and (3), we propose region extraction appropriate to the equine eye structure, a stable coordinate model for pupil variation, and recognition using orthogonal wrinkles in the iris pattern. Recognition experiments based on 100 sets of horse iris data show that highly accurate horse identification is possible. © 2001 Scripta Technica, Syst Comp Jpn, 32(14): 12–23, 2001 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the use of the prosthetic iris-tinted soft contact lens, the SEED Opaque, during the past 5 years., Methods: The records of 42 outpatients (48 eyes) for whom the prosthetic soft contact lens was prescribed in the contact lens clinic of Juntendo University Hospital from July 2001 to June 2005 were investigated. An investigation was conducted in regard to the tint patterns of the prosthetic soft contact lens and the presence or absence of a transparent part in the middle, as a brown iris with a clear pupil or a solid pupil. The diagnosis, purpose of prescription, age when that lens was prescribed, complications, and changes in corrected visual acuities were analyzed retrospectively from the medical records., Results: The mean age at the first prescription, total number of years of wearing prosthetic contact lenses, total number of prescriptions, and mean period to use each SEED Opaque lens were compared. The mean age at the first prescription of solid-pupil lens wearers was significantly younger than that for clear-pupil lens wearers (P<0.05, Mann-Whitney U test). The solid-pupil type had been prescribed for 30 eyes, all for cosmetic purposes. The clear-pupil type had been prescribed for five eyes for cosmetic purposes and for 13 eyes for improvement of visual function. Complications were shown in 40% of wearers. Contact lens-induced papillary conjunctivitis was highest, followed by punctate superficial keratopathy, superficial punctate keratitis, and corneal erosion. In comparison of corrected visual acuities before and after wearing the clear-pupil cosmetic soft contact lens, significant improvement was observed (P<0.05, paired t test)., Conclusions: Although the SEED Opaque lens is a conventional soft contact lens, it is tailor-made for each patient. So it is possible to adjust the color and size of the cosmetic part and the pupil diameter. Further, corrected visual acuities could improve with the clear-pupil type for patients who had prescribed for improvement of visual function.