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Phlebopus portentosus (Berk. & Broome) Boedijn was firstly constructed from the collection of Indonesia in 1951. To date, the subsequent collection of this ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi has not been done in Indonesia. In addition, the utilization information of this edible mushroom as food is not popular for the country. The goal of our work was to update the current collection, provide the morphological and molecular data, and promote the utilization of this edible mushroom in Indonesia. Fresh fruiting bodies were evaluated for morphological and molecular evidence. The basidiomata were analysis on the basis of the morphological and molecular evidence. The phylogenetic tree was constructed following the rDNA-ITS 1/2 sequence. P. portentosus was verified by morphological and phylogenetic studies combined. The indigenous people in the research site use this wild edible mushroom for self-consumption and sell it to local market. Phlebopus portentosus BO24626 was solitary to connate, boletoid basidioma, yellowish to greenish brown pileus and stipe, yellowish hymenophore, clavate stipe, club shaped basidia, oval to subglobose basidiospores, cystidia present. The absence of sponge-like tissues and the occurrence of sterigmata distinguished our specimens from the similar morphological species P. spongious. The lack of reddish stipe distinguished our specimen from P. roseus. In addition, the presence of hymenial cystidia delimits our specimens from P. colossus. The inferred phylogenetic tree nested our specimen in the group of P. portentosus (sister to P. spongiosus). The ITS sequence of our specimen is now deposited at GenBank and can be applied to upcoming research of P. portentosus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The characteristics of atmospheric variables over the southern coast of West Java in the presence of Australian Monsoon (AUM) and Mixed Rossby-Gravity (MRG) waves were investigated by conducting a dedicated radiosonde observation campaign from 26 to 29 September 2022 at Pameungpeuk Station (107.7°E, 7.6°S). The vertical profiles of pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and wind in the presence of the AUM and MRG waves were obtained and analyzed. The Global Navigation Satellite System - Radio Occultation (GNSS-RO) and the latest ECMWF climate reanalysis (ERA5) data were used to identify the MRG waves features using Hovmöller, space-time spectral, and wavelet analyses. Furthermore, spatial and time-series analyses were performed to study the wave propagation. The results showed the characteristics of atmospheric variables over Pameungpeuk Station in the presence of the AUM and MRG waves. We found that the presence of AUM significantly reduced the relative humidity, particularly in the region from 2 to 10 km altitude, and enhanced the average wind speed during the campaign compared to the wet season. Moreover, we found the reduction of low-level pressure, the enhancement of temperature and relative humidity in the mid-troposphere, and the weakening of the easterly and southerly winds during the dry phase approaching the wet phase of the MRG waves over the southern coast of West Java following the wave structure and propagation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Panus lecomtei (Polyporales) is reported for the first time from Indonesia at the IPB University Campus Forest (IPBUCF). This species has similar macroscopic features to P. strigellus and P. neostrigosus. This study aimed to confirm the taxonomic position of P. lecomtei found at IPBUCF based on morphological and molecular evidence. The specimens were described by their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. A phylogenetic approach was used with the internal transcribed spacer 1/2 sequence data. The combination of morphological and molecular analyses confirmed the taxonomic position of our specimens as P. lecomtei. The recorded species was distinguished by gregarious basidiomata, an infundibuliform resembling a funnel, violet during the immature stage to orangish brown in the mature pileus and ellipsoid basidiospore stages. Our specimens were distinguished from P. strigellus by having smaller basidiospores. It was difficult to separate P. lecomtei BO24428 from P. neostrigosus based on morphological characters. However, the BLAST results showed that specimen BO24428 had 99.56% similarity with P. lecomtei. In addition, our phylogenetic tree nested P. lecomtei BO24428 in the P. lecomtei clade. Morphological illustrations and a phylogenetic tree of P. lecomtei are provided. We suggest combining the morphological and molecular evidence in future studies of P. lecomtei from Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tropical coastal ecosystems globally have been affected by land use changes. This condition has caused a discharge of pollutants into the water, affecting marine organisms, including fish. Due to their habitat preferences, fish are prone to elevate heavy metals in their tissue. Considering fish is consumable, heavy metal levels in fish can lead to health risks. One of the common edible fish in Southeast Asia is Pennahia argentata. Although widely consumed, there is limited information on how land use influences heavy metal levels in various tissues of this species and its health risk. Fish is one of the main food sources in this region, indicating this information's importance. This study aims to elaborate on and differentiate the heavy metal levels in tissues and land use types, including settlement and mangrove areas on the West Java coast of Indonesia. METHODS: Locations of this study are the Jakarta coast representing anthropogenic influences in the form of settlements and the Subang coast as a site of mangrove covers. This study combined remote sensing and Geographic Information System analysis with heavy metal analysis using inductively coupled plasma and studied heavy metals, including cadmium, copper, and zinc, in fish tissues such as the gill, digestive tract, and muscle. Differences and correlation of heavy metal data in each tissue and location were statistically analyzed using Pearson correlation values (r), Analysis of Variance, and x2-test. The estimated Daily Intake was used to determine the health risk consumption of this species. FINDINGS: All levels of heavy metals are below the World Health Organization's permissible limits. Zinc is consistently high in all tissues and locations, while cadmium is the lowest. The result shows that the digestive tract consistently has the highest heavy metal levels compared to other tissues in both locations. Heavy metal in muscle has the lowest level. Copper and zinc in the muscles of fish living on the settlement coasts were 62.69% and 37.18% higher (P <0.05) than fish inhabiting mangrove coasts. CONCLUSION: Trace elements in the commercial fish P. argentata were significantly affected by differences in land use. Variations in land use have elevated heavy metal levels in fish tissues. Given the high levels of heavy metals, the digestive tract can be chosen as a specific fish tissue to be used as a bioindicator to monitor cadmium, copper, and zinc, particularly on the West Java coast in Indonesia. Because the Estimated Daily Intake for zinc in Jakarta is high, consuming fish should be done with caution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Raster-based Probability Flood Inundation Model (RProFIM) approach was proposed in this study as a new model for flood inundation modelling. Scenarios of changes in land use/land cover (LULC) and differences in return periods are used as the basis for flood modelling scenarios in the study area. The aims of this study are: (a) to estimate the discharge volume in the scenario of changing LULC between 1990 and 2050 and the difference in return period between 2 and 100 years; (b) to create and produce flood inundation maps using the RProFIM approach; (c) to analyse the flood-affected area based on the results given by overlaying the flood inundation maps with LULC data. In general, the results of the flood probability modelling from the RProFIM model can provide the same pattern and conditions as indicated by the reference data. The results of the study also found several potential flood-prone areas in the Citarum Watershed, West Java-Indonesia, based on the RProFIM approach in the Districts of Margaasih, Kutawaringin, Margahayu, Katapang, Dayeuhkolot, and Baleendah. Furthermore, the results of overlaying the flood probability model from the RProFIM model with LULC data are used to determine the flood-affected area. These results indicate that in general the greatest impact of flooding occurs on agricultural and built-up lands which continues to increase every year in the return period range of 2–100 years. This study is expected to be used as one of the considerations in managing environmental problems in dealing with flooding in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Podostroma cornu-damae is considered one of the most poisonous mushrooms in the world. The first report of P. cornudamae in Indonesia was provided by Boedijn in 1934, located at Buitenzorg (Bogor), West Java. Our preliminary work based only on the macroscopic features in 2020 indicated the occurrence of Podostroma cf. cornu-damae in Central Kalimantan (Borneo). Hence, the current research aims to ensure the taxonomical identity of the macrofungi. Podostroma cornu-damae is confirmed based on morphological (macro-and microscopic) and molecular evidence. A brief description of the morphology of P. cornu-damae and the phylogenetic analyses inferred from the ITS sequence are provided. This study is the first comprehensive report of P. cornu-damae for Indonesia after nearly 100 years of hiatus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incomplete information on most reported macrofungi is one of the remaining challenges of taxonomic work in Indonesia. Cookeina tricholoma (Ascomycetes, Pezizales, Sarcoscyphaceae), otherwise known as cup fungi, is no exception. In this study, we report C. tricholoma from West Java, Indonesia. Fresh materials were evaluated using morphological and molecular analyses. The specimen was illustrated with macro- and microscopic features. Molecular analyses were performed using the internal transcribed spacer region. Cookeina voucher BO24423 was identified as C. tricholoma. The morphological characteristics of C. tricholoma BO24423 are cup-shaped, pinkish to reddish, and with prominent hairs. The phylogenetic tree analyses confirmed that our specimens were C. tricholoma with 99-100% bootstrap value. This study is the first contribution to the identification of C. tricholoma based on morphological and molecular evidence for Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lepista sordida (Schumach.) Singer (Agaricales) with the unusual growth pattern and stipe character is reported for the first time from West Java, Indonesia. Fresh basidiomata were assessed using morphological and molecular approaches. The morphological characters were observed based on the macro- and micromorphological features. The ITS 4/5 region was used for molecular analysis. A detailed description of basidiomata and the phylogenetic tree is provided. Our result indicated the morphological plasticity of L. sordida. This study is the first contribution of Lepista sordida based on both morphological and molecular evidence in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To be an entrepreneur is now the solution to end poverty lead to prosperity. The research aimed to know entrepreneurship education, efficacy, orientation toward entrepreneurship intension, and its' implication on entrepreneurship competence. This research used an explanatory survey method. The research locations were the student of University of Siliwangi, University of Galuh, University of Kuningan, and University of Garut. The sampling took Proportionate Randomized Sampling that had been chosen four Universities regarding 378 respondents. The result showed that entrepreneurship education and efficacy influenced student entrepreneurship intension in West Java that had ever been taken entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship orientation also influenced entrepreneurship intension, entrepreneurship education, efficacy, orientation and intension influenced entrepreneurship competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil biota is very diverse and contributes widely to ecosystem services that are important in the sustainable function of natural and managed ecosystems. Knowing the condition of the soil food web through the communities that inhabit it is necessary to assess the productivity of the soil. Nematode communities in the soil food web can be used as indicators because of their high abundance, and they inhabit various trophic levels, and participate in several important processes in the soil. The soil food web condition from three locations (Agr1, Agr2, Agr3) through the nematode functional index was evaluated using the maturity index (MI), the maturity index 2-5 (MI-25), the plant-parasitic index (PPI), the channel index (CI), the enrichment index (EI), the structure index (SI), and the basal index (BI). Nematode diversity was evaluated using Simpson's index of diversity, dominance, and evenness. The MI and MI2-5 scores indicated that Agr3 (3.81) had an undisturbed food web, while Agr2 (2.88 and 3.0) and Agr1 (2.5 and 2.51) were in a moderate condition with minor disturbances. Fauna profile analysis using SI and EI shows that Agr3 and Agr1 had an undisturbed soil food web, and Agr2 was in enriched conditions. CI results found that Agr1 and Agr3 had a fungal decomposition pathway while Agr2 had a bacterial decomposition pathway. This research showed that prospect of the nematode community to serve as a collection of biological indicator data in assessing soil or ecosystem health can be considered in further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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