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The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a preventive counseling program for improving psychological hardiness (PsyH) and the positive use of social network sites (SNSs). The sample consisted of 30 students from Mu'tah University in Jordan who were randomly assigned into either an experimental group (15) or a control group (15). Two constructed scales--the PsyH scale and the Positive Use of SNSs scale--were administered to both groups pre-test and post-test, and a one-month follow-up measure was also administered to the experimental group. The findings revealed that the preventive counseling program significantly improved the level of PsyH and the positive use of SNSs and seemed to have sustained efficacy.

This research paper aimed to identify the level of psychological hardiness, the level of death anxiety, and the level of existential vacuum among the elderly, also the role of the predictive ability of death anxiety and existential vacuum in the psychological hardiness of the elderly at the governorates of Tafilyah and Ma'an in light of the Corona pandemic in Jordan. The descriptive-analytical approach was utilized. sample consists (500) elderly, that were selected by a simple random approach. Then the needed statistical measure was operated to achieve the required results. The results indicated a low level of psychological hardiness, a high level of death anxiety, and an existential vacuum in the elderly. The results show a suitable predictive ability for each of death anxiety and the existential vacuum in reducing psychological hardiness. The research paper recommended the necessity of rehabilitating the elderly in Jordan regarding the mental and psychological aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to identify the level of psychological hardiness and the big five factors of the dominant personality, and to reveal the contribution of those factors in predicting psychological hardiness among counselors working in providing psychosocial support to refugees in Jordan. The study sample consisted of 110 counselors, they were chosen by the purposive method. The researchers used a questionnaire as the study instrument that consisted of a sixty item of the big five personality factors scale and a twenty-six-item Psychological Hardiness scale. The results of the study showed the level of psychological hardiness was at a high level. The big five factors of dominant personality among the psychological counselors are in order: conscientiousness, openness, extraversion, agreeableness, all of them at a medium level, then neuroticism at a low level. The results also showed that the big five personality factors explained (48.3%) as a statistically significant predictor of counselor's psychological hardiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]