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Background: University freshmen experience increased stress levels, and women, in particular, experience more stress and anxiety. Maintaining mindfulness through mindfulness programs may contribute to a successful university experience. This study aims to determine the effects of a mindfulness-based education program on mindfulness, emotional regulation, interoceptive awareness, and university-life adjustment among Korean university freshmen. Methods: This study was a single-group pre-test-post-test design and a clinical trial (No. KCT0008309) registered with the clinical research information service of South Korea. This study was conducted with 46 female university freshmen using a volunteer sampling approach in Korea from March 2023 to June 2023. The mindfulness-based education program was conducted in 12 sessions, 1 day per week, for 12 weeks. Standard questionnaires were used, including the Kentucky inventory of mindfulness skills, positive affect, and negative affect schedule, multidimensional assessment of interoceptive awareness, and college life adjustment scale. A paired-sample t-test was used for statistical analysis using IBM SPSS software, version 29. Results: Only attention related to mindfulness had a significant difference before and after the intervention (P=0.013). Interoceptive awareness sub-items, including accept (P=0.022), return to the body (P<0.001), and trusting (P=0.035) showed significant increases following the intervention. The interpersonal relationships required during university-life adjustment also revealed a significant improvement (P=0.025). However, no significant changes were observed in the emotional regulation variables after the intervention. Conclusion: These results suggest that implementing a mindfulness program can effectively improve self-awareness and mutual acceptance skills among female university freshmen. This can help them establish strong social connections with their peers and professors. Therefore, we suggest incorporating a mindfulness program into university curricula to support adjustment to university life among female university freshmen experiencing various forms of stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]