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The Changbai Mountains (2749 m a.s.I.) in northeastern China are one of the typical mountain regions with glaciation since late Pleistocene as evidenced by well-preserved erosive and accumulative land- forms at elevations above 2000 m a.s.I. formed by glaciers around the crater lake, Tianchi Lake. Cirque glaciers developed on both the inner and outer sides of the volcanic cone. Well-preserved cirques, glacial trough valleys, glacial threholds, polished surfaces of the glacial erratics and the moraine ridges indicate that several glaciation processes took place during the last glacial period in this region. Results of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating on the moraine sediments, and the K/Ar, thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), electronic spinning resonance (ESR) dating on the volcanic rocks suggest two periods of glacier advances. One is named the Black Wind Mouth glacier advance taking place on the west and north slopes of the volcanic cone at an elevation of 2000-2100 m a.s.l., which is dated to about 20 ka, being the result of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The other is named the Meteorological Station glacier advance at the elevation of 2400-2600 m a.s.I., dated to 11 ka during the late glacial period, and is tentatively correlated to the Younger Dryas stage. The scope of the former glacier advance is larger than that of the latter. Regional comparisons showed that the glacial sequences in the Changbai Mountains are similar to other glaciated areas in eastern Asia during the later part of the last glacial cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the genetic polymorphism of 9 short tandem repeats (STR) gene loci, namely CSFIPO, TPOX, TH01, D16S539, D7S820, D13S317, F13A01, FESFPS and vWA in Chinese Korean population in Mudajiang area., Methods: Amplified fragment length polymorphism (Amp-FLP) method was used to get the allele frequency distribution., Results: The genotype distributions of the 9 STR loci are conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by chi(2) test analysis. The total accord frequency, the accumulated total discrimination power and the the accumulative excluding probability of paternity were calculated., Conclusion: The result suggested that all 9 gene loci have high power of excluding probability of paternity and individual identification. They can be used in paternity testing and individual identification for forensic medicine. The gene frequencies of CSFIPO, TPOX and TP01 gene loci have significant differences between the Korean population in Mudanjiang area and those in Yanji area, but there is no difference in gene loci of D7S820, D17S317 and vWA.