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This research aims to analyze the effect of phase change energy storage wall on the internal thermal environment in high-sunshine passive solar residential buildings. The residential buildings in Lhasa are taken as research objects, and the differences in indoor and outdoor thermal environments of the residential buildings in winter are first evaluated. Then, the energy storage wall model based on phase change material is constructed, the meteorological data of the winter solstice day is used to simulate, and the changes of the thermal environment in the room are detected. The results showed that the average solar radiation intensity of the dwellings in Lhasa is 441.8 W/m2, and the average scattering intensity is 156.3 W/m2. The average humidity and temperature of outdoor air are 24.4% and 1.54 ℃, respectively. The temperature difference of the indoor south and north bedrooms is 3.3 ℃, the internal temperatures of the indoor south and north walls are 13.4 ℃ and 7.9 ℃, respectively, and the temperature difference is 5.5 ℃. After the adoption of phase change energy storage materials, the indoor temperatures of the south and north walls on the winter solstice day are 16.75 ℃ and 16.52 ℃, respectively, with a temperature difference of 0.23 ℃. The inner surface temperatures of the south wall and the north wall increase by 25.0% and 109.1%, respectively, after adopting the phase change energy storage wall, indicating that applying the phase change energy storage wall to the passive solar residential buildings in Lhasa can effectively improve the indoor thermal environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]