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In 2005, Hurricane Katrina and the subsequent levee breaks left 80% of New Orleans under water for weeks. Within 4 short weeks, the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at New Orleans had relocated its campus temporarily to Baton Rouge and resumed operations. Many lessons were learned in the first year of recovery and disseminated to the field regarding emergency and disaster preparedness and response. As we approach the second anniversary of the nation's most devastating natural disaster, we reflect on the long haul of rebuilding and offer new insights and lessons for sustaining operations and enhancing long-term rebuilding efforts.

Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans and the coastlines of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama on August 29, 2005. The flooding in New Orleans left hundreds of thousands of people homeless and threatened to close businesses and institutions, including Louisiana State University (LSU) School of Medicine and its two principle training sites in New Orleans, Charity Hospital and University Hospital. In the weeks immediately after the storm, LSU School of Medicine resumed undergraduate and graduate medical education in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and elsewhere. The authors discuss the specific challenges they faced in relocating administrative operations, maintaining the mission of medical education, and dealing with the displacement of faculty, staff, residents, students, and patients, and the processes used to overcome these challenges. They focus on the school's educational missions, but challenges faced by the offices of student affairs, faculty affairs, and admissions are also discussed. LSU School of Medicine's experience provides lessons about organizational preparedness for a mass disaster that may be of interest to other medical schools.

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) infecting the genital tract are associated with warts and anogenital malignancies. Although HPV is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted disease (STD), the majority of research has focused on female cohorts due to gender specific sequelae. Our objective was to measure the epidemiological features and seroprevalences of HPV-6/11 and 16 in a predominantly male group of STD clinic patients. High-risk individuals (n=687), who attended the public STD clinic were administered a behavioural questionnaire and serum tested for antibodies against HPV-6/11 and HPV-16 capsids via capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Despite the male predominance in this study, women were significantly more likely to have antibodies against both HPV-6/11 and HPV-16. Condom use appeared to be partially protective against HPV-16 seropositivity only. In conclusion, despite exhibiting increased risk behaviour, men were less likely to be HPV seropositive. Additional studies utilizing male cohorts are warranted to further elucidate this phenomenon.

Epidemiologic, clinical, and microbiologic data were collected from 299 men with nonsyphilitic genital ulcer disease. One hundred eighteen (39%) were culture-positive for Haemophilus ducreyi, 57 (19%) were culture-positive for herpes simplex virus, and 124 (41%) were culture-negative. Patients with chancroid were significantly more likely than those with genital herpes to have been frequent users of alcohol (44% vs. 23%, P = .006). They were also more likely recently to have used cocaine (25% vs. 9%, P = .013), had sex with a prostitute (17% vs. 5%, P = .035), traded drugs for sex (16% vs. 2%, P = .005), and had a sex partner who used drugs (38% vs. 13%, P = .001). Culture-negative patients were similar to chancroid patients with respect to most epidemiologic risk factors. Despite the epidemiologic similarities, the clinical features of culture-negative ulcers resembled those of culture-proven herpes ulcers more closely than they did those of culture-proven chancroid ulcers. These data establish a link between chancroid in the United States and the use of crack cocaine.