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Safety culture is a critical determinant of organisational performance, particularly in high-risk industries especially in oil and gas. Understanding stakeholder preferences is essential for developing effective strategies that enhance safety culture. This study utilised the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to prioritise stakeholder preferences, identifying key elements of safety culture in Malaysia's oil and gas sector. This study employed a structured methodology to evaluate safety culture within the oil and gas industry, focusing on 18 sub-elements across three key domains: psychological, behavioural, and situational factors. A diverse sample of industry experts was recruited using purposeful and snowball sampling to ensure a comprehensive representation of stakeholder views. The AHP framework was applied to analyse the data, utilizing structured questionnaires and multicriteria decision-making techniques to prioritize the identified safety culture elements. The AHP analysis identified distinct priorities among different professional groups within the oil and gas sector. Safety and Health Practitioners emphasized practical elements such as safety rules and management commitment, while academicians prioritized knowledge and training. Management personnel highlighted the importance of safety ownership and communication, whereas policymakers focused on broader, policy-oriented aspects. The findings suggest that safety culture improvement initiatives should be tailored to address the specific needs and priorities of each professional group. A nuanced understanding of stakeholder preferences is crucial for developing comprehensive strategies that integrate observable behaviours, situational conditions, and psychological factors, ultimately fostering a robust safety culture in the oil and gas industry., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Indigenous communities refer to animals and plants extensively in their folk proverbs. In this study an examination was conducted involving Bidayuh proverbs, with animal and plant elements, of the Bau Jagoi community in Sarawak, Malaysia by (a) categorising them according to the type and frequency of animal and plant elements used, and (b) analysing their implied and implicit meaning using inquisitive semantics approach. Data were collected from interviews with 12 Bidayuh informants aged 23 to 84 who lived in the same village. A total of 33 Bidayuh proverbs were elicited comprising 20 with animal elements and 13 with plant elements. The behaviours of the animals were associated with mostly negative behaviours in human whereas the characteristics of the plants were used to describe desirable human traits and appearance. The proverbs were also used to describe complex situations, teach moral values and good manners, express intense feelings, and give advice about life. Their deep meaning was related to the people's living environment and way of life, their thinking and ethics, their beliefs, and customary practices, which reflect their culture and philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaysian mosques exhibit remarkable variations, ranging from humble traditional timber structures to massive modern complexes. This evolution has been studied by numerous historians, architects, and academicians resulting in a steadily expanding historiography of mosque architecture. However, this body of work on the history and development of local mosques has never been formally studied in detail as a whole. Therefore, this paper focuses on 2 major aspects: first, identifying general research approaches present in the historiography of mosque architecture in Malaysia, and second, classifying the formal elements and characteristics used to describe the architecture of local mosques. Based on selected texts from 5 Malaysian authors, it was identified that these works are descriptive studies that are primarily structured on a combination of chronological, stylistic, cultural, geographical and typological approaches. Additionally, descriptions of mosque architecture by the authors were based on a set of formal elements and characteristics which falls into 5 distinct categories: i) typological element, ii) spatial organisation, iii) roof form, iv) building technology, and v) design articulation. These results reflect the complexity of mosque development in Malaysia and the multiple angles that are possible to holistically examine them. This paper also discusses 3 significant aspects embedded within the study of mosque architecture in Malaysia, covering unique elements and characteristics of local mosques, followed by issues related to language, conceptual, and factual ambiguity, and finally on the complexity of mosque classifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrochemistry of 27 elements and 8 anions in tropical surface waters of the Terengganu River (Malaysia) was investigated. Dissolved elemental concentrations changed significantly with distance along the flow path depending on redox and pH, often reflecting natural enrichment. High nitrate concentration is probably associated with untreated waste water input, agricultural runoff, and atmospheric input. Overall, the quality of water was found to be acceptable with the exception of a few sites. Dilution effects, water residence times and the weathering of local mineral deposits exert major control over hydrochemistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The geochemical baselines and distribution of 31 elements (Al, Fe, K, Na, Mg, Ca, Mn, Ba, Cr, Zr, Ni, Sr, Zn, Y, Li, Cu, Mo, Nb, Th, Co, Ga, W, Ta, Be, Ti, Ge, Se, Bi, Te, Sc and Re) and physico-chemical parameters of the tropical surface sediments of the Terengganu River basin, Malaysia, are reported. Sediments are sandy loam to sand in texture consisting of mostly quartz, low organic matter content (average–2.68%), low CEC (average–2.02 cmol(+)/kg) and mildly acidic pH1:5 (average–5.91). Concentrations of Mn, Fe, Ba, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo and Se were measured to be above the environmental sediment quality criteria at various locations. Lake sediments registered significantly higher Al, Fe, Ti, Mg, Ca, Mn, Te and Sc concentrations as compared to the river sediments. Most of the elements investigated showed an association with silt size fraction (2–63 μm). Among the investigated metals, Mo and Fe concentrations showed an increasing (>5-fold) and decreasing (>3-fold) trend, respectively, along the river path from the upstream to the downstream depending on the stream pH-redox conditions. The enrichment factor values (EF >5) of Cr, Ni, Mo and Se indicated enrichment from anthropogenic activities. Alkali and alkali earth metals registered a significant depletion (EF values <0.7) as compared to the Earth''s crust. Principal component analysis of the two main components (PC1, 87.4% and PC2, 8.7%) revealed a well-defined group of estuary sediments. Lake and river sediment sampling locations did not form defined groups revealing heterogeneity in the origin of geologic material and the in-stream geochemical processes. However, Cr, Ni, Mo and Se formed a separate group with elevated concentrations (e.g. Cr>1,000 mg/kg) indicating contamination of sediments. This work presents the geochemical baselines of the tropical sediments as industrial development and urbanization along the north east coast of Peninsular Malaysia are advancing rapidly. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The elemental profiles of six honey samples from Malaysia had been constructed using the data obtained from both ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Potassium and sodium were the most abundant minerals covering from 69.3-78.6% and 14.1-28.7%, respectively. The ratio of potassium to sodium was more than one. Even though the minerals and trace elements composition varied dependent on the type of honey samples, there was no statistically significant difference between the analysed honey samples, namely tualang, gelam, acacia and a few forest honeys based on two-factor ANOVA and cluster analysis. The total element content of honey samples were strongly correlated with the electrical conductivity, but only have moderate correlation with the ash content and honey colour based on the regression analysis. PCA result on the available elemental data from worldwide honeys, including honey samples from Malaysia revealed that potassium and sodium were the mineral markers to distinguish honey origin. Both tualang and gelam honey samples from Malaysia have close mineral profile with sesame honeys from Egypt and multifloral honeys from India, whereas forest honeys Malaysia were near to avocado honeys from Spain and multifloral honeys from India., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)