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This study aimed to identify whether appetitive traits predict exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) duration for the first 6 months of life and to assess other predictors of its duration. 186 six- month-old term infants were included. Appetitive traits were assessed at 3-4 months of age. EBF duration, feeding practices, sex, maternal age and education, socioeconomic level, mode of delivery and gestational age were also evaluated. Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated through generalized linear regression models to identify predictors of EBF for the first 6 months of life. Only 32.9% of infants achieved 6-month EBF. Vaginal birth, not using formula the first 3 days, maternal education [greater than or equal to] university and slowness in eating significantly increased the probability of EBF for 6 months. Slowness in eating was the only appetitive trait related to EBF for the first 6 months and was the most significant predictor in the multivariate model.

This article investigates a teacher learning program in Mexico, Desarrollo de la Inteligencia a través del Arte: DIA (Development of Intelligence through Art: DIA), that supports teachers in applying holistic approaches to instruction that support social, emotional, academic, and cognitive growth. Using qualitative and quantitative measures, this article analyzes how pedagogical approaches that emphasize social and emotional learning affect teacher well-being and support practices associated with positive classroom culture. Analyses found that the DIA professional development program promotes an increase in teacher practices attending to social and emotional learning, such as emotional awareness, self-reflection, and student-centered learning. Teachers participating in the DIA professional development program also reported less emotional burnout and distress than control teachers. Analyses suggest that the DIA program may serve as a protective factor from emotional distress among teachers, promoting emotional support for students and student-centered learning.

The Healthy Change Program aimed to improve the accuracy of maternal perceptions of children's weight (MPCW), maternal feeding style (MFS) and feeding practices. Using a randomized control trial design, the intervention group received 4-weekly group sessions focusing on MPCW, MFS and healthy behaviors. The control group received the same dose of attention-control sessions on food hygiene. Data were collected at the baseline and at the end of the program via self-administered questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. Participants included 294 mother-child dyads with 149 in the intervention group and 145 in the control group. The accuracy of MPCW significantly increased at the study end point in the intervention group (57.0-67.1%, P < 0.05) but not in the control group (67.6-69.7%, P > 0.05), with no between-group difference in pre- and post-change (P > 0.05). At the study end point, more mothers of overweight and obese children in the intervention group had accurate MPCW than their control counterparts (31.4% versus 11.1%, P < 0.01). The intervention group had a shift toward an authoritative style at the study end point (17.4% versus 26.2%, P < 0.001) and favorable changes in feeding practices. The Healthy Change Program contributed to improving the accuracy of MPCW and shifts toward favorable MFS and feeding practices.

Financial products and services are increasingly present in our daily lives, so it is very important to know the advantages that can be obtained by using them. In this way, the present study seeks to determine the existence of an underlying structure that explains the knowledge towards the topics of Income, Money Management, Savings and Investment, Expenditure and Credit in students of higher education. For this, the Financial Education Test was applied to 126 participants. The results obtained through the exploratory factor analysis provide evidence of the existence of a structure that allows us to understand the phenomenon of financial education in the perception, knowledge, use and application of financial topics in Mexican students. Two factors represent 68.18 % of the phenomenon under study, the first on knowledge, use and application towards savings and investment (37.42 % of the total variance explained) and the second on knowledge, use and application about money management (30.75 % of the total variance explained).

Digital media are present in all areas of society, even configured as a new space for political socialization. This is especially applicable in the case of young people due to their high use of new technologies, as they are also trained with the necessary skills to do so. In this context, social networks have prompted the emergence of a new type of political participation: which takes place online. Therefore, this study delves into the relationship between the socialization that occurs in the network, digital skills and political participation online and offline. A quantitative survey-based methodology was used with university students from three Ibero-American countries: Mexico, Spain and Chile. The fieldwork was conducted between the months of December 2017 and June 2018. The results obtained show that young people consume mainly digital media, which does not prevent them from being critical with the quality they deserve. In this sense, the political participation actions in which they are involved are mostly developed in the network, thus participating to a lesser extent offline. Therefore, young people enter the world of politics through the consumption of information on the Internet, which favors a subsequent online political participation.

Objective: To assess effects of Healthy Change intervention on maternal perception of her child's body weight (MPCW), maternal feeding style, and obesogenic home environment. Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted, consisting of two arms: the intervention group received the Healthy Change program, and the control group received the Hygiene and Accident Prevention program. A total of 356 mother-preschool child dyads participated, 182 in the intervention group and 174 in the control group, residing in Mexico and the United States. Data were collected at baseline and after the program through self-administered questionnaires completed by mothers and child anthropometric measurements. Results: Although no significant between-group difference in pre- and post-intervention change of MPCW was found, sub-analyses revealed that a higher proportion of mothers in the intervention group accurately perceived their child's body weight at the study endpoint using categorical (67% vs. 57.1%, p < 0.005) and visual scales (48.9% vs. 41.8%, p < 0.015). Additionally, more mothers of overweight children in the intervention group accurately perceived their children's overweight and obese status compared to those in the control group (29.8% vs. 10.3%, X2 = 4.26, df = 1, p < 0.039). The intervention group also displayed a higher proportion of mothers with authoritative feeding style (26.4% vs. 16.5%, p < 0.036) and significantly higher family nutrition and physical activity scores (29.1 vs. 28.0, p < 0.000) at the study endpoint. Conclusions for practice: Healthy Change Intervention led to improved accuracy of MPCW, a shift toward maternal authoritative feeding styles, and positive changes in obesogenic home environments. Significance: What is already known on this subject?: Mothers of overweight or obese children often underestimate their children's weight status. Research shows when mothers are unaware of their children's weight issues, they are less likely to take preventive actions, or seek health services. The most frequent maternal child feeding style in Hispanic mothers is the authoritarian, What this study adds?: Healthy Change intervention was first of its kind designed to increase mothers' awareness about their preschooler's overweight and obese status. Healthy Change promote authoritative feeding style, and favorable changes in family nutrition and physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Endocrinología, Metabolismo y Nutrición is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this research work is to analyze whether there is a difference in the degree of anxiety towards mathematics among students of different educational levels. The study is not experimental and cross sectional, and it is based on difference of means between groups. The sample is not probabilistic, and consisted of 226 students from Tuxtepec, Mexico of different educational levels: basic, middle, upper-middle and upper. For this purpose, the questionnaire designed by Muñoz and Mato-Vázquez (2007) was utilized. It comprises five factors: anxiety toward evaluation, anxiety toward temporality, anxiety toward understanding of mathematical problems, anxiety about numbers and mathematical operations, anxiety toward mathematical situations of the real life. The results shows that anxiety toward mathematics is different by level of study, that significant differences exist between groups, and that anxiety toward assessment is higher among upper, upper-middle and middle levels, while for elementary students there is no perceptible anxiety toward mathematics.

Background: The Decade of Healthy Aging (2021–2030) emerges as a 10 years strategy to improve the lives of older adults, their families, and the communities in which they live. One of the actions defined in this framework is related to improving the measurement, monitoring, and understanding of characteristics, factors, and needs related to aging and health. The aim was to analyze and assess the process of construction and development of the Strategic Information System on Health, Funcional Dependence and Aging (SIESDE, for its acronym in Spanish). SIESDE will provide strategic information in Mexico at the municipal, state, and national levels that support the public policies on healthy aging. Methods: The system processes and analyzes the data sources of the Health Information Systems and the National System of Statistical and Geographical Information. SIESDE comprises three components: (1) Design, construction, and evaluation of the indicators; (2) storage, management, and visualization, and (3) diffusion and translation of information. Results: A total of 135 indicators were built on seven themes: (1) demographic, socioeconomic, and aging conditions, (2) health, (3) functional dependence, (4) healthy aging, (5) health services, (6) social and physical environments, and (7) complex indicators. Conclusions: SIESDE is an effective system for providing an overall view of health, aging, and functional dependence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: For most women, pregnancy is a normoevolutive physiological state; however, this is not true in all cases, as some obstetric patients present with life-threatening complications requiring admission to the obstetric Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Our study aimed to identify the primary reasons for admission to the obstetric ICU of a tertiary care center in Sinaloa, Mexico, from January 1 to December 31, 2023. This objective is crucial for understanding and improving maternal healthcare. Our study was a retrospective, cross-sectional, and descriptive analysis of 83 patient records from the Women's Hospital of Sinaloa ICU. This unique approach provides valuable insights into the leading causes of obstetric ICU admissions. Results: The mean age was 24±7.25 years; the patients had a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 6 pregnancies; 65% had been terminated by delivery, 72.2% by cesarean section, and 14.1% by abortion. Prenatal care had not been provided in 27.7% of cases. The mean length of stay in the ICU was 3.1 days. Regarding marital status, 15.7% were single, 41.4% were married, and 43.4% were in a common-law relationship. Twenty-five point three percent had primary education, 42.2% had secondary education, 27.7% had high school, and 4.8% had professional studies. The most common diagnoses were preeclampsia with severity criteria (25.3%), obstetric hemorrhage (21.7%), hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome (9.6%), and eclampsia (7.2%). Conclusions: Our findings underscore the significance of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and obstetric hemorrhage as the leading causes of ICU admissions in our hospital. This knowledge is crucial for improving maternal healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a metabolic disorder encompassing risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In Mexico, the MetS is a national health problem in adults and children. Environmental and genetic factors condition the MetS. However, studies to elucidate the contribution of genetic factors to MetS in Mexico are scarce. A recent study showed that variant rs9282541 (A‐allele) in ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) was associated with T2D in the Maya population in addition to low levels of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C). Thus, this study aimed to determine whether the genetic variant of ABCA1 A‐allele (rs9282541, NM_005502.4:c.688C > T, NP_005493.2:p.Arg230Cys) is associated with MetS and its components in Mexican Maya children. Methods: The study was conducted in 508 children aged 9–13 from the Yucatán Peninsula. MetS was identified according to the de Ferranti criteria. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan assay by real‐time PCR. Evaluation of genetic ancestry group was included. Results: The frequency of MetS and overweight–obesity was 45.9% and 41.6%, respectively. The genetic variant rs9282541 was associated with low HDL‐C and high glucose concentrations. Remarkably, for the first time, this study showed the association of ABCA1 rs9282541 with MetS in Maya children with an OR of 3.076 (95% CI = 1.16–8.13 p = 0.023). Finally, this study reveals a high prevalence of MetS and suggests that variant rs9282541 of the ABCA1 gene plays an important role in the developing risk of MetS in Maya children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud Pública de México is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present article reports on a study that explores the effects of the emotional experiences of Mexican language learners on their motivation to learn English. In this qualitative research we present how emotions impact the motivation of university language learners in south Mexico. Results suggest that emotions, both negative and positive, contribute to enhancing and diminishing motivation. Although negative emotions may be considered detrimental to foreign language learning, the findings of this study show that negative emotions serve as learning enhancers. Results also evidence that Mexican language learners perceive negative emotions as positive for their language learning process.

This paper focuses on the design and application of a teacher training strategy to promote the inclusive education of students with disabilities in the science classroom, through the creation of adult learning environments grounded on the principles of dialogic learning. Participants of the workshop proposal consisted of a group of twelve teachers who were working at various educational levels. Teacher teams proposed and implemented in their classroom, innovative, inclusive science-learning activities about a topic of their choice. Data were collected from interviews with teachers five months after the courses, teachers' portfolios about their practice during implementation of such sequences, and researchers' observations. The data suggest that it is possible to stimulate a gradual transformation of teaching practices through a teacher training proposal that promotes self-awareness and critical reflection, situated in the creation of meaning and a willingness to change in the spirit of solidarity and social action. We found elements to recommend the incorporation of these innovations at the curricular and practical level for teacher training schools and for in-service teacher development programmes in Mexico and elsewhere.

In light of the correlation between musical and linguistic skills, a program of musical activities was designed to promote discrimination of rhythmic and melodic elements and the association of auditory stimuli with visual stimuli and motor activities. The effects of the program on the vocabulary of preschool children were evaluated and compared with the vocabulary of children participating in the curricular subject of "Ritmos, Cantos y Juegos" [Rhythm, Songs, and Games] and that of children who were not exposed to either of the two programs. The results showed significant increases in receptive vocabulary only for the group exposed to the program with musical activities. The processes that caused the increase are discussed, as well as the possible use of the program that was implemented as a resource for preschool language stimulation. [Translated into English by Berkeley Hinrichs.]

Objective: To introduce MexOMICS, a Mexican Consortium focused on establishing electronic databases to collect, cross-reference, and share healthrelated and omics data on the Mexican population. Methods: Since 2019, the MexOMICS Consortium has established three electronic-based registries: the Mexican Twin Registry (TwinsMX), Mexican Lupus Registry (LupusRGMX), and the Mexican Parkinson's Research Network (MEX-PD), designed and implemented using the Research Electronic Data Capture web-based application. Participants were enrolled through voluntary participation and on-site engagement with medical specialists. We also acquired DNA samples and Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans in subsets of participants. Results: The registries have successfully enrolled a large number of participants from a variety of regions within Mexico: TwinsMX (n = 2,915), LupusRGMX (n = 1,761) and MEX-PD (n = 750). In addition to sociodemographic, psychosocial, and clinical data, MexOMICS has collected DNA samples to study the genetic biomarkers across the three registries. Cognitive function has been assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in a subset of 376 MEX-PD participants. Furthermore, a subset of 267 twins have participated in cognitive evaluations with the Creyos platform and in MRI sessions acquiring structural, functional, and spectroscopy brain imaging; comparable evaluations are planned for LupusRGMX and MEX-PD. Conclusions: The MexOMICS registries offer a valuable repository of information concerning the potential interplay of genetic and environmental factors in health conditions among the Mexican population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between Geriatric Syndromes (GSs) and in-hospital mortality in adults aged 65 and older admitted to the Emergency Department (ED). The study included 202 Older Adults (OAs) who met the inclusion criteria. We conducted a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and collected clinical and demographic data. A univariate analysis was carried out for each of the GSs analyzed. Those variables with p < 0.05 were entered into a multiple logistic regression using the backward stepwise entry method to analyze the independent predictor variables. The average number of GSs per individual was 4.65 (±2.76). Frailty syndrome was the most prevalent (70.2% of patients). Our study found an association between mortality and some GSs, such as frailty (p = 0.042), risk of falls (p = 0.010), delirium, cognitive impairment, dependence, and risk of ulcers (p < 0.001). We found that cognitive impairment (adjusted OR, 6.88; 95% CI, 1.41–33.5; p = 0.017) and dependence (adjusted OR, 7.52; 95% CI, 1.95–29.98; p = 0.003) were independent predictors associated with mortality in our population. It is necessary to develop new care strategies in the ED that respond to the needs of aging societies, including the use of new technologies and personnel with experience in gerontology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fractal dimension (D) can be used to characterise temporal changes of crown architecture of individual trees. Our goal in this study was to analyse seasonal changes in tree crown fractal dimension of two species of deciduous oaks (Quercus castanea and Q. obtusata) coexisting in a natural forest in central Mexico using low cost sampling, and relate these changes to morphological attributes and environmental variables. Every two months, from May 2017 to September 2018, for each oak species, we photographed fixed portions of the crowns of individual trees, measured their trunk diameters, and obtained average temperature and accumulated precipitation data recorded for the sampling date. From the obtained images, we calculated D values by the semivariogram method using three different variability estimators (square increment, isotropic, and transect variation). We identified a positive correlation between D and temperature, and a negative correlation between temperature and crown cover. The fractal dimension (D) of crowns of two deciduous oak species changes according to the tree's phenological stage. D values varied through time in relation to tree crown phenological variation, but not with crown cover dimension. We propose a model of annual D value fluctuation in deciduous trees, characterised by two high complexity peaks and two low complexity valleys, corresponding to the effects on crown cover of annual periods of leaf abscission and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In September 2017, two strong earthquakes hit the central region of Mexico, producing substantial damage to the historical buildings. A retroactive analysis for assessing the pre-event seismic vulnerability of these constructions allowed for testing the suitability of an existing parameter-based approach based on material and geometrical features. More than 160 adobe buildings in four municipalities of the State of Morelos were surveyed and included in a vulnerability-oriented GIS database. Data were collected on-site and managed by resorting to open-source GIS software combined with a Python-based database management tool and a cloud-based platform for onsite data collection using mobile devices. The parameter-based approach was used for assessing the analytical seismic vulnerability of the buildings and implementing a secondary, more conservative assessment that considers uncertainties associated with the data acquisition process. The capabilities of the database were further used to train a Machine Learning algorithm aimed at overcoming some representativeness limitations of the parameter-based analytical method. This third approach was found to be suitable for assessing the vulnerability of the building typologies addressed in this investigation. Although the implementation discussed in this paper is limited to a specific vernacular typology, it can be used to conduct customized local calibrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mexico generates specific phytosanitary regulations for each product and origin to prevent the entry of quarantine pests and/or delay their spread within the national territory, including fungi and oomycetes. Phytosanitary regulations are established based on available information on the presence or absence of these pathogens in the country; however, the compilation and precise analysis of reports is a challenging task due to many publications lacking scientific rigor in determining the presence of a taxon of phytosanitary interest in the country. This review evaluated various studies reporting the presence of plant pathogenic fungi and oomycetes in Mexico and concluded that some lists of diseases and phytopathogenic organisms lack technical-scientific basis. Thus, it highlights the need and presents an excellent opportunity to establish a National Collection of Fungal Cultures and a National Herbarium for obligate parasites, as well as to generate a National Database of Phytopathogenic Fungi and Oomycetes present in Mexico, supported by the combination of morphological, molecular, epidemiological, pathogenicity, symptom, and micrograph data. If realized, this would have a direct impact on many future applications related to various topics, including quarantines, risk analysis, biodiversity studies, and monitoring of fungicide resistance, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Asian citrus psyllid, ACP) is a devastating pest due to transmission of Liberibacter spp. to citrus plants. We identified presumed entomopathogenic fungi (EF) naturally associated with field-collected adult ACP, both killed (mycosed) and alive, at 14 field sites in the Gulf Coastal Plain of NE Mexico. On dead ACP, five species of EF (Hypocreales) were observed: Hirsutella citriformis Speare (Ophiocordycipitaceae), Cordyceps javanica (Frieder. & Bally) Kepler, Shrestha & Spatafora, Beauveria cf. bassiana (Bals.) Vuill., and Akanthomyces cf. lecanii (Cordycipitaceae); also, Niveomyces J.P.M. Araújo & C. de Bekker (Cordycipitaceae), a hyperparasite of Ophiocordycipitaceae, in this case H. citriformis. The most prevalent fungi on field ACP were H. citriformis and C. javanica, on dead and on live, incubated insects, respectively. In laboratory bioassays, C. javanica and H. citriformis conidia from cultures killed >60% of ACP adults. H. citriformis, C. javanica, and A. lecanii killed >60% nymphs. Niveomyces was observed only growing on H. citriformis fructifications on field-killed ACP; it was absent from live incubated insects, indicating Niveomyces is a mycoparasite on H. citriformis. Niveomyces cultures (ARSEF 10230) on agar grew as a Pleurodesmospora synanamorph; its LSU rRNA region D1–D2 sequences (Genbank OM780101) were 99.81% identical to Niveomyces sequences. Conidia from Niveomyces cultures were entomopathogenic on ACP nymphs and adults. These are the first reports of Niveomyces associated with H. citriformis; of the in vitro dimorphic growth (synanamorphs) Niveomyces/Pleurodesmospora; and of experimental verification of entomopathogenicity of Niveomyces. Understanding the interactions of these fungi will support sustainable ACP management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article addresses the following question what do Mexican planners do? The analysis of planning practice in this article is based on a survey of 141 planning practitioners in Mexico. The findings suggest that practice is still embedded in the institutionalized mode of technical rational planning and unable to deal with the 'stubborn realities' of urban and social inequities that are part of a historical legacy or path dependency that is difficult to change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mexican Republic ranks fifth in the world in terms of amphibian diversity, and within Mexico, the state of Oaxaca has the greatest amphibian richness and endemism. Unfortunately, various factors, such as land use change and global warming, have caused a global crisis that threatens the conservation of this class. In the face of these threats, an analysis of beta diversity provides information that can be applied to conservation strategies, since its study reveals the spatial scaling of diversity loss and clarifies the mechanisms of regional diversity maintenance. In this work, we analyzed the beta diversity at the species and higher taxa level (order, family, subfamily, genus and species) for the amphibians of Oaxaca and their replacement components and the differences in richness for anurans and caudates separately between physiographic subprovinces. Very high beta diversity was recorded, with higher diversity occurring among caudates (0.92) than among anurans (0.84). Species replacement was the component that most contributed to this result, and the subprovinces with substantial environmental differences had the most dissimilar amphibian communities. The results of this study show the need to implement conservation strategies in subprovinces with high amphibian richness and endemism levels, following the example of Sierra Madre de Oaxaca (SMO), where local communities have developed conservation actions in most of the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is a disease caused by hypersecretion of one or more parathyroid glands, it can be associated with ectopic mediastinal parathyroid glands (MEPA) in 2% of cases. The use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for the surgical resection of these glands is a safe, cost-effective, and low morbidity option for patients with MEPA. We report a case series of patients with this disease managed with VATS, the first in Mexico and Latinamerica. Methods: From 2008 to 2022, a retrospective study involving patients with MEPA and treated by VATS approach was performed in a tertiary hospital in Mexico city. Relevant biochemical and clinical variables such as imaging studies, pre and postoperative laboratory results, surgical strategy, outcomes and pathological analysis were analyzed. Results: Four cases of mediastinal parathyroid adenomas causing HPT were included. All patients were female with a median age of 52.5 years-old (range 46–59 years), half of the patients had primary HPT and the others tertiary HPT after kidney transplant. 75% of cases had a MEPA in the medium mediastinum, all had a preoperative positive SPECT-CT 99mTc Sestamibi scan. Mean preoperative PTH was 621.3pg/mL (182-1382pg/mL). All patients successfully underwent parathyroidectomy with a VATS approach, no deaths were reported. Conclusions: VATS is a minimally invasive surgery that provides adequate access to mediastinal located glands, optimal visualization of mediastinal structures and has a high resection success rate with less complications and morbidity than open approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the development and public performances of La Liga de la Decencia, a new play presented as part of the 2023 New Works Festival at the University of Texas at Austin. Inspired by the cabaret scene and teatro de revista of the 1940s in Mexico City, La Liga de la Decencia combines live performance and video art to explore how hegemonic gender and social norms shaped by the emergent nationalism of postrevolutionary Mexico continue to oppress femme and queer bodies today across the US–Mexico border. Through satire, parody, and dance, La Liga de la Decencia problematizes the social, class, and gender norms as established by the cultural elite and the state. Following research-based theatre as an inquiry process, this article describes how writing and directing this play allowed for a deeper understanding of the dynamics of a historical period. By mixing facts, fiction, and critical commentary, La Liga de la Decencia investigates history through embodiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leafcutter ants (Atta spp.) are one of the mos t economically harmful pests in agriculture, considered dominant in the Neotropics and South America. Mature colonies of A. mexicana have a great economic impact on Mexico's agriculture. Microbial agents in the form of biopesticides are an effective component of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies and may present a better alternative to synthetic insecticides. Among the fungi most used as biological insecticides there are Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the entomopathogenic fungi B. bassiana and M. anisopliae of commercial origin and a native strain of B. bassiana from México (MA-Bb1) on adults of Atta mexicana under controlled conditions. In the bioassay, five formulations and a control group were tested (B. bassiana MA-Bb1, B. bassiana MA-Bb1+ Diatomin®, B. bassiana®, M. anisopliae®, Diatomin®, and Tween 80 (0.01%). The MA-Bb1+ Diatomin® biopreparation induced the highest mortality (100%) in four-week-old A. mexicana, followed by the MA-Bb1, M. anisopliae®, and B. bassiana® biopreparations, which caused mortality of 83.33%, 73.98%, and 68.70%, respectively. Treatments containing B. bassiana and M. anisopliae were efficient in controlling A. mexicana under controlled conditions. The most efficient biological control was achieved with the B. bassiana fungus and Diatomin®, which presented the highest total death rate in A. mexicana 96 h post infection, in contrast to the control group (Tween 80), which attained the lowest speed of death in the present investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Frailty is a dynamic state in older adults. Current evidence, mostly in high-income countries, found that improving frailty is more likely in mild states (prefrailty). We aimed to determine the probability of frailty transitions and their predictors. Methods Participants were adults aged 50 years or over from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health in Mexico during 4 waves (2009, 2014, 2017, and 2021). We defined frailty with the frailty phenotype and we used multinomial logistic models to estimate the probabilities of frailty transitions and determine their predictors. Results For the 3 analyzed periods (2009–2014, 2014–2017, and 2017–2021), transition probabilities from frail to robust were higher for the younger age group (50–59 years) at 0.20, 0.26, and 0.20, and lower for the older age group (≥80 years), 0.03, 0.08 and 0.04. Transitioning from prefrail to robust had probabilities of 0.38, 0.37, and 0.35, for the younger age group, and 0.09, 0.18, and 0.10, for the older age group. The probabilities of transitioning to frail and to death were lower for the younger age group and for the robust at baseline; but higher for the older age group and for the frail at baseline. We identified age, disability, and diabetes as the most significant predictors of frailty transitions. Conclusions These findings show that frailty has a dynamic nature and that a significant proportion of prefrail and frail individuals can recover to a robust or prefrail state. They also emphasize that prefrailty should be the focus of interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease that commonly affects cattle, pigs, horses, and dogs in many countries. Infection in dogs is usually subclinical, but acute cases of leptospirosis may occur along with systemic failure, which may become fatal. After recovery from an acute infection, dogs may become asymptomatic carriers and shed pathogenic leptospires through urine for long periods of time. Here, a study of ten different cases of leptospirosis is presented, showing the relevance of dogs as asymptomatic carriers of pathogenic Leptospira. The diagnosis was confirmed via isolation and further serological and genetic identification. Four Leptospira isolates (LOCaS28, 31, 34, and 46) were obtained from the kidneys and urine samples of 58 dogs destined for destruction (6.89%) at a Canine Control Center in Mexico City. No spirochetes were observed in the urine samples of those Leptospira-positive dogs examined under dark-field microscopy, and no clinical signs of disease were observed either. Six additional isolates were obtained: two came from asymptomatic carrier dogs (CEL60 and UADY22); another isolate came from an asymptomatic dog that was a pack companion of a clinically ill dog with fatal leptospirosis (AGFA24); and finally, three isolates were taken from dogs that died of leptospirosis (LOCaS59, Citlalli, and Nayar1). Nine out of the ten isolates were identified as being from the serogroup Canicola via cross-absorption MAT using reference strains and specific antisera, and their identity was genetically confirmed as Canicola ST34 via multi-locus sequencing typing (MLST). In contrast, the isolate Nayar1 was identified as serovar Copenhageni ST2. Interestingly, the asymptomatic dogs from which Leptospira isolates were recovered consistently showed high antibody titers in the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), revealing values of at least 1:3200 against serogroup Canicola and lower titer values against other serogroups. Isolates showed different virulence levels in the hamster model. Taken as a whole, all these findings confirmed that dogs may act as asymptomatic carriers of pathogenic leptospires and possibly spread them out to the environment, thus representing an active public health risk. The results also showed that the Canicola ST34 clone is the most prevalent Leptospira serovar in dogs in Mexico, and finally that the old-fashioned MAT is a good alternative for the detection of presumptive Leptospira asymptomatic carrier dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the El Salado estuary in the Mexican Pacific coast, we examined the seasonal variation of organic carbon (OC) in sediments, pore water and litterfall in three areas dominated by common mangrove species (Avicennia germinans, Laguncularia racemosa, and Rhizophora. mangle), as well as in the water and sediments in the main channel of the estuary. Mangrove sediment OC varied from 3.70% in the R. mangle area to 12.58% in the L. racemosa area, whereas variations in sediment pore water OC varied from 285.6 to 22.6 mg·L−1. OC from mangrove litterfall varied from 151.2 to 0.6 g·m−2 in the different mangrove species areas. OC values were higher in the dry season and lower in the rainy season. The observed OC among the different species in the dominated areas indicates that mangroves are able to release a considerable amount of OC through litterfall, with part of it sequestered in sediments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The school is a suitable space in which the interrelationships between students come together in one place, where basic rules of coexistence and learning society through the acquisition and practice of socio-cultural codes. However, these learning can be seen undermined by situations of school violence and that interfere with the peaceful environment that are intended to create to carry out tasks of learning and coexistence, may reach degrade the relationships of those involved in those areas; While there are many characteristics of the actors involved in such situations of violence, the "primary" stakeholders are those who attack (aggressors) and who receives the aggression (victims), forming a binary relationship to each other, constitu-leaving the center of the attack. Method: Based on the item response theory by Rasch calibration reagents, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The scales of victims and aggressors are validated, which were measured in public middle school with young people aged 12 to 17 years old; both scales formed 12 Likert items that measure the perception of students. Results. Psychometric parameters obtained for confirmatory model of victims are suitable. The results show two dimensions on both scales, in the suffering of victims, "verbal violence/relational" and "physical/social violence", while the aggressors "verbal violence/physical" and "sexual violence/relational". Discussion and Conclusion: It was found that both scales match in removing reagents that deal with: physical violence against the property of others, sexual violence related to touch the private parts of other people and relational violence referred to submission of others to do or not to do something; It discussed from conception of the culture of silence. We conclude that the scales analyzed together are suitable for use in subsequent analyzes psychometric tests.

Aethina tumida is a pest from Africa, and has become an emerging threat to the health of bee hives outside of its endemic area. In 2007, it was reported for the first time in Mexico in the northern state of Coahuila. Later it would be confirmed in several Mexican states. In January 2023 in an apiary at the Municipality of Iguala in the Mexican state of Guerrero, a routine inspection by beekeepers revealed the presence of adults of A. tumida inside the managed colonies of Apis mellifera. This is the first report of the arrival of A. tumida to the State of Guerrero. The uncontrollable spread of A. tumida through beekeeping regions of Mexico becomes a threat to honey bee and wild bee hives. Aethina tumida es una plaga de África, y se ha convertido en una amenaza emergente para la salud de las colmenas de abejas fuera de su área endémica. En el 2007, se reportó por primera vez en México en el estado norteño de Coahuila. Posteriormente, sería confirmada su presencia en varios estados de México. En enero del 2023, en un apiario del municipio de Iguala del estado de Guerrero, una inspección de rutina realizada por apicultores reveló la presencia de adultos de A. tumida en colmenas de Apis mellifera. Este es el primer reporte de la llegada de A. tumida al estado de Guerrero. La incontrolable propagación de A. tumida a través de las regiones apícolas de México se convierte en una amenaza para las colmenas de abejas melíferas y silvestres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the structure of the global avocado trade network and to understand the dynamics of commercial interaction between the leading countries in the market, using the social network analysis approach. Design/Methodology/Approach: One-hundred thirty-three countries that established 989 commercial exchange relationships were analyzed. This exchange accounted for 99% of the volume of the global avocado market for the year 2021. Results: The significant diversification in the import sources and export destinations of countries such as Netherlands and Spain suggests a robust and diversified trade strategy. Network indicators give a valuable insight into the centrality and importance of countries in the global avocado trade network. Mexico plays an important role in the network that goes beyond the quantity produced. Study Limitations/Implications: The most current analyzed data available to date belong to the year 2021. Findings/Conclusions: The analysis reveals the complex dynamics of interaction between the leaders of the global avocado trade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the competitiveness of Mexican vanilla in the international market. Design/Methodology/Approach: The relative trade balance (RTB) and the revealed comparative advantage index (RCAI) were calculated to analyze the competitiveness of the Mexican vanilla in the international market. Both crushed and whole vanilla beans were evaluated. Results: Around 1% of the total vanilla area is harvested in Mexico, representing 6% of the world production volume. The Mexican market is competitive in the international whole vanilla beans market, but not in the case of crushed or ground vanilla. Study Limitations/Implications: The SIAVI portal was discontinued. Therefore, the international vanilla trade data could only be retrieved for the period ending on November 2021. Findings/Conclusions: The Mexican market has potential for the development of vanilla production. However, current production is practically absorbed by the local market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objectives of this study were to determine the richness, abundance, and diversity of bacteria in stray dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) infested by ticks in Comarca Lagunera, northern Mexico, and to establish their pathogenic and or/zoonotic potential. Materials and Methods: Blood samples from 12 dogs were collected, and their deoxyribonucleic acid was extracted. The V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal ribunocleic acid gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on a MiSeq Illumina platform, and the data were analyzed using quantitative insights into microbial ecology. Results: The operational taxonomic units resulted in 23 phyla, 54 classes, 89 orders, 189 families, 586 genera, and 620 bacterial species; among them, 64 species and/or bacterial genera with pathogenic or zoonotic potential were identified, some of which have been reported in the literature as relevant to public health (Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Brucella spp., Clostridium spp., Corynebacterium affermentants, Cutibacterium spp., Dietzia spp., Ehrlichia canis, Fusobacterium necrophorum, Leptotrichia spp., Mycobacterium spp., Paracoccus spp., and Roseomonas gilardii). Conclusion: This research offers relevant information on the prevalence of tick-borne diseases as well as other potential zoonotic diseases in the blood of stray dogs parasitized by ticks in northern Mexico. New molecular biology and massive NGS techniques may play an important role in the study and documentation of bacterial profiles from animals in close proximity to humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Premenstrual syndrome is characterized by pain and related symptoms that negatively affect women's quality of life. Our aim was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a specific oral fixed dose combination of naproxen 220 mg + paracetamol 300 mg + pamabrom 25 mg in tablet form. A prospective, open-label, multicenter, uncontrolled, observational post-marketing study was conducted from December 2017 to December 2019 consisting of 270 women over 18. The primary outcome was the number and severity of adverse effects. Secondary outcomes were pain intensity, number and intensity of other premenstrual symptoms, and the proportion of patients with a pain score reduction of at least 50%. The mean age of participants was 28.9 ± 8.8 years. We found that 8 women (3%) experienced adverse events, namely headache (5/8), gastritis (2/8) dyspepsia (1/8), diarrhea (1/8), and nausea (1/8). In three of the eight women, the study was discontinued due to adverse effects. Pain intensity was reduced (−4.5, 95%CI; −5, −4, p < 0.001). The proportion of patients with pain reduction of at least 50% was 70.7%. The study results suggest that the combination of drugs used in this formulation is safe and effective for premenstrual symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The population of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium tenellum (Smith, 1871) in four sites in the lower part of the coastal plain of the Ameca River, Mexico is analyzed before drastic anthropogenic modifications of the riverbed occurred. Of the 7,100 individuals of M. tenellum collected between February 2015 and January 2016, 45.7% of which were females (3,250), 4.3% ovigerous females (309), 39.3% males (2,79), and 10.6% undifferentiated (750). Males were significantly larger and heavier than females. In general, the largest individuals were collected at the most distant sites from the coastline (Colomo and San Juan), whereas the smallest ones were captured near the river mouth. The sex ratio (males:females 1:1.3) deviated from the expected 1:1. The length-weight relationship of females, males, and the population in general indicated a negative allometric growth for all three groups. The results of our research may serve as a reference point for future investigations assessing the impact of anthropogenic changes on M. tenellum populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a ground-motion prediction equation (GMPE) of peak ground acceleration (PGA) for the Gulf of California, Mexico, derived from 1326 PGA values of 720 earthquakes recorded between 2015 and 2018 by the Red Sismológica de Banda Ancha del Golfo de California (RESBAN), operated by the Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada, Baja California (CICESE). We evaluated and adjusted two different parametric forms of GMPE developed for transcurrent tectonic regimes that resemble the tectonic setting in the Gulf of California, along with an additional parametric form developed for central Mexico that incorporates the focal depth as an independent variable. All three adjustments exhibit appropriate behavior in terms of residual analysis and variables stability, with the adjusted parametrical form of Joyner and Boore (Bull Seismol Soc Am 71:2011–2038, 1981. https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0710062011) providing the best overall performance. The proposed GMPE is: l o g PGA = - 2.27 + 0.4 M + 0.065 log r - 0.0034 r + σ A + σ E , with r = d 2 + 11.86 2 . PGA is peak horizontal acceleration in cm/s2, M is magnitude and d is epicentral distance. σA = 0.18 and σE = 0.4 correspond to the intra-event and inter-event standard deviations, respectively. Although the inclusion of focal depth as an independent variable enhanced adjustments in various tectonic regions, it did not provide a specific advantage in this context. To account for depth variations, we incorporated a fixed value representing the average focal depth into the distance definition (11.86 km) effectively capturing the seismic characteristics of the region and emphasizing the importance of regional-specific factors in GMPE development and refinement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze how early and late sowing can improve the income of cucumber producers in the state of Michoacán, Mexico. Design/Methodology/Approach: Monthly income, production cost, profit, and benefit-cost ratio were calculated in three sowing scenarios: middle, early, and late. Results: In an early sowing scenario, the income and profit of the producers increase by 10.2 and 9.2 million pesos, respectively, compared to the middle sowing scenario. Likewise, in a late sowing scenario, producer income and profits increase by 29.2 and 20.0 million pesos, regarding the middle sowing scenario. Study Limitations/Implications: The negative effects on vegetable prices of temporary excess supply prove the need to plan the surface that will be used for early and late sowing, as well as to create a regulatory body that plans the cucumber sowing area. Findings/Conclusions: Sowing cucumber and other vegetables in early or late dates is recommended, since better production planning will increase the producers' income and profit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health problem, due to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The misuse of antimicrobials is the main cause of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to report antimicrobial resistance and antibiotic consumption in a secondary care hospital in Mexico. Methods: Within a cross-sectional study, antimicrobial resistance data on ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) and antibiotic consumption from 2020 to 2022 were collected. Antimicrobial resistance was reported based on percentages of resistance and consumption was analyzed using the defined daily dose (DDD)/100 bed days and the AWaRe (Access, Surveillance, Reservation) antibiotic group. Results: Antibiotic consumption in 2020, 2021 and 2022 was 330, 175 and 175 DDD/100 beds day, respectively. The rate of ceftriaxone resistance in E. coli (n = 526) and K. pneumoniae (n = 80) was 76% and 69%, respectively, the rate of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii (n = 168) and P. aeruginosa (n = 108) was 92% and 52%, respectively; the rate of oxacillin resistance in S. aureus (n = 208) was 27%; and the rate of vancomycin resistance in E. faecium (n = 68) was 47%. Conclusion: The reported results are congruent with global estimates of antibiotic resistance and consumption, providing an overview that could generate actions for antimicrobial optimization at the local and regional levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obesity is a public health problem with a growing prevalence worldwide. In Mexico, it is estimated that one out of three adults suffer from obesity. In these patients, the intestinal microbiota (IM) undergoes pathological changes that are associated with a dysbiotic state; however, the microbiota profile of adult subjects with obesity from western Mexico has not been described. To assess this, fecal samples were obtained from 65 participants (Obese = 38; Control = 27). The microbial composition was characterized by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The IM of the group with obesity revealed a clear decrease in richness and diversity (p < 0.001), as well as a significant increase in proinflammatory bacterial groups, mainly genera belonging to the Negativicutes class, Escherichia/Shigella, and Prevotella. Likewise, an increase in short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria was found, especially the genus Lachnoclostridium. Additionally, PICRUSt2 analysis showed a depletion of vitamin B9 metabolism and an increase in saccharolytic pathways. The IM of patients with obesity possesses a dysbiotic, proinflammatory environment, possibly contributing to lipogenesis and adiposity. Thus, assessing the IM will allow for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases of high prevalence, such as obesity. These findings are described for the first time in the adult population of western Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The data was collected for a cohort study to assess the capability of thermal videos in the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Using this data, a published study applied machine learning to analyze thermal image features for Covid-19 detection. Data description: The study recorded a set of measurements from 252 participants over 18 years of age requesting a SARS-CoV-2 PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test at the Hospital Zambrano-Hellion in Nuevo León, México. Data for PCR results, demographics, vital signs, food intake, activities and lifestyle factors, recently taken medications, respiratory and general symptoms, and a thermal video session where the volunteers performed a simple breath-hold in four different positions were collected. Vital signs recorded include axillary temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation. Each thermal video is split into 4 scenes, corresponding to front, back, left and right sides, and is available in MPEG-4 format to facilitate inclusion into pipelines for image processing. Raw JPEG images of the background between subjects are included to register variations in room temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Weeksella virosa pneumonia is an infection that has been described as a healthcare-associated infection. This is a rare gram-negative anaerobic bacterium associated with the use of mechanical ventilation for a long period of time and is more frequent in immunosuppressed patients. This is the first case reported in the state of Veracruz and the second in Mexico. Case presentation: We present the case of a 64-year-old female from Veracruz, Mexico who developed an infectious process in the right pelvic limb after a transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedure and subsequently developed sudden cardiorespiratory arrest requiring mechanical ventilation, with subsequent imaging studies demonstrating a pneumonic process associated with a nosocomial infection. Discussion and Conclusions: We should take into consideration that this pathogen affects not only adults with multiple comorbidities but also children with renal, hepatic, or oncological pathologies, as well as immunocompromised patients, who should be considered high-risk populations for W. virosa infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and/or Aim: Dogs are long-lasting companion animals, and ticks are the most common external parasites in dogs. An increase in the population of neglected domestic dogs has increased the risk of contact with ticks, especially in places where tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are endemic. We aimed to characterize the bacterial blood profiles of people who were either exposed (HE) or not exposed (HC) to tick bites using next-generation sequencing (NGS). Materials and Methods: In the present study, the bacteria observed in the blood of people exposed to tick bites were compared with those in the blood of people not exposed to tick bites in Northern Mexico. Human blood samples (n = 12) were analyzed, DNA was extracted, and the V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified. In addition, NGS was performed on a MiSeq platform (Illumina), and the data were analyzed through Quantitative Insights into Microbial Ecology. Results: Differences in beta diversity were significant. In HEs, several potentially pathogenic bacterial taxa were found to be the most abundant: Kocuria (x = 14.59%), Staphylococcus (x = 3.05%), and Treponema (x = 2.93%), in addition to Chlamydia, Clostridium, and Ehrlichia, which are considered TBDs. Conclusion: This study identified important differences in the bacterial composition of the HE and HC groups. In addition to Ehrlichia (a TBD considered a taxon), other bacterial pathogenic taxa, such as Chlamydia, Clostridium, Kocuria, Staphylococcus, and Treponema, were also observed in the tick bite-exposed group. Future studies with larger sample sizes should provide an improved understanding of the human blood microbiome profile by providing additional evidence of tick exposure, associated TBDs, and other pathogenic bacterial taxa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: perceived body weight refers to the subjectively assessed weight, which may not correspond to the objectively measured weight. Statistics show that 14 % to 83 % of parents misperceive their children's weight status, with a propensity for underestimation. Objective: we compared the accuracy of the visual versus the categorical method. We also identified factors and feeding practices associated with excess weight underestimation. Material and methods: we carried out a cross-sectional study in five states of Mexico with 1,845 mother-child dyads of children aged 2-12 years. The mothers were interviewed about weight perception with two methods, visual and categorical. The Child Feeding Questionnaire identified maternal feeding practices. Actual weight and height were categorized according to WHO criteria. Analysis consisted of Cohen's kappa estimation, multivariate logistic regression, and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: more mothers correctly identified the weight of their children with the categorical than with the visual method (68 % vs 42 %, p < 0.0001). The excess weight underestimation was lower (49 % vs 82 %, p < 0.0001) and the degree of agreement was higher with the categorical method (kappa, 0.39 and 0.08). The better results remained regardless of age. Age 2-5 years increased the odds of overweight/obesity underestimation. Feeding practices differed by weight perception category, child's age, and method of assessment. Conclusions: the categorical method was more accurate. Recognition of correct weight perception is one of the first actions required for controlling childhood overweight/obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Sierra de las Cruces and Montealto, in the State of Mexico, the Divine Face is a fractal divinity that lives in five sacred hills, known as “rosario”. Giver of life and seeds, this divinity receives maintenance and sustenance from “their bodies”, known as the mēfi (workers), which are chosen by the lightning and are trapped between the wrath of God and the envy of others humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to describe the disease burden and trends of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders in Mexico from 1990 to 2019. Method: A cross-sectional study using systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD study 2019) was performed to analyze data on MSK disorders and estimate crude and age-standardized rates per 100,000 population concerning disease prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALY), and years lived with disability (YLD). The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated using the joinpoint regression. Results: In 2019, there were 4.8 million (95% UI 4.3, 5.4) new cases and 3,312 (95% UI 2201, 4,790) deaths attributable to MSK disorders. In 2019, MSK disorders ranked first, increasing from 1990 (second rank) for the YLD in Mexico. Subnational variations were identified, with the state of Oaxaca having the highest age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) per 100,000 population in 2019. Joinpoint analysis revealed a significant increase in prevalence in Mexico from 1990 to 2019 (AAPC: 0.14%; 95%CI 0.09–0.19), incidence (AAPC: 0.05%; 95%CI 0.03–0.07), DALY (AAPC: 0.13%; 95%CI 0.04–0.22), and YLD (AAPC: 0.13%; 95%CI 0.02–0.24). Among the risk factors, occupational ergonomic factors and high body mass index (BMI) had the largest influence on MSK disorders. Conclusions: In Mexico, we observed an increase the national burden of MSK disorders from 1990 to 2019. Specific determinants, such as occupational ergonomic factors and high BMI, contribute to the MSK disorder burden. The burden of MSK disorders requires an improved and prompt assessment to plan valuable diagnostic and management approaches. Key Points • In Mexico, the burden of musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders increased from 1990 to 2019. • Specific risk factors, such as occupational ergonomic factors and high body mass index, contribute to the MSK disorder burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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