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The evolving Metaverse in Higher Education (HE) in Mexico can enrich pedagogy, facilitate skills development, and improve students' learning experience. This research aimed to identify the factors guiding the adoption of the Metaverse in a Business School in Mexico. A survey analysis was conducted to gauge insights from stakeholders on the Metaverse in HE. A total of 117 respondents, comprising students, professors, and staff members, completed the 21-item questionnaire. To determine the relationship between data, a quantitative analysis was performed using a structural equation model (SEM), and a path analysis was computed to illustrate the relationship among the adoption components of the UTAUT model. The study found no correlation between age, gender, and previous experience toward adopting the Metaverse. On the other hand, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions significantly impact the stakeholders' attitudes toward adopting this technology. The research reveals that a practical learning exercise in the Metaverse improved student knowledge acquisition. Implementing this model is to be at the service of concerned HE authorities to create an adequate environment for adopting the Metaverse in Universities in Mexico.

In the current context of COVID-19 and the limited availability of physical workplace settings for work-integrated learning (WIL), this study explores the intervention of a WIL pedagogical strategy in order to support career development learning during the pandemic. The innovative Entrepreneurial Mindset (EM) reflective model introduced at a Mexican University employs experienced entrepreneurs as professors and mentors to teach entrepreneurial mindset reflection via online modality. The effectiveness of the model as a teaching and learning tool is assessed in a class survey of 203 students. The study concludes that although the application of the EM model to the curriculum is well suited to a non-physical workplace environment, the survey to assess mindset reflections could have been conducted both at the beginning (pre survey) and at the completion (post survey) of the course, to assess any changes in mindset reflections between pre and post. However, the introduction of 'growth' mindset reflections to a curriculum is a significant contribution to WIL literature and a valid COVID-19 strategy.

In this paper, I report on research about the experience of a group of English teachers who returned from the violent gang culture of Southern California to Mexico, seeking a means of changing their identities from gang members into productive, educated members of society. On returning to Mexico, the teachers had to negotiate their otherness and differences stemming from the customs and traditions they learned to perceive as normal. They learned to adapt to and blend the culture and values they had in Southern California with those of Mexico, using their English as capital to join a new community of practice, English Teaching. Through teaching they were able to gain cultural capital and bring meaning and purpose to their lives as they adapted and their identities changed through time and space. This paper offers insight into the struggle of transnational youth and how they adapt to different communities. This is especially important in a country like Mexico, where Mexican youth often grow up in the United States and have to come back to Mexico, a country they often do not feel they belong to.

This article analyzes the strategies used in subnational governments to implement an education policy aimed to increase high school coverage in marginalized communities of rural Mexico. Based on in-depth interviews with responsible for administering the "telebachillerato" model, findings display the implications of enacting a poorly designed policy failing to match the complex realities of the communities. We observe innovative yet insufficient ways to maneuver a policy that provides scarce funding and generates tensions between levels of government. The findings contribute to the literature about implications of poor policy design and provide evidence for education policy makers working on school coverage expansion.

In response to the high demand for English proficiency exams for various purposes including placement, admission, certification, and program evaluation in Mexico, a university in Western Mexico created the English Proficiency Test (EPT) for the B1 level in the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). The EPT has been developed and piloted and is now ready to be administered for its operational use. This paper reports on the qualities of the language test which have been determined by the overall usefulness of the test in terms of several different but interrelated qualities including reliability, construct validity, authenticity, impact, and practicality. The test, which consisted of a reading, writing, speaking and listening section, was piloted with 91 students. Analyses of the test qualities revealed the test to be reliable and valid with regard to its functionality.

Black Sigatoka disease is a significant threat to banana (Musa spp.) fruit yield and quality. For the control of the fungal pathogen, Pseudocercospora fijiensis, producers currently rely on fungicides such as Quinone outside Inhibitor (QoI). In this study, we examined the resistance status of P. fijiensis to QoI fungicides using 80 isolates from 24 localities in the main banana‐producing areas of Mexico (Colima, Michoacán, Tabasco and Chiapas). Resistance was evaluated using the RFLP‐PCR mutation assay on Cytochrome b gen (Cytb). The results showed the G143A mutation in three isolates from Chiapas, indicating a relatively low mutation frequency in the sampled areas, where additionally, a microplate bioassay confirmed the resistance to fungicides. We also evaluated the genetic structure and differentiation among the sampled populations, detecting differences between populations within each region and among all populations. Furthermore, our analysis revealed shared haplotypes between resistant populations in Chiapas and nonresistant populations in Michoacán. These findings provide valuable insight into the resistance status of P. fijiensis to QoI fungicides in Mexico and serve as foundation for the development of strategies to manage strobilurin resistance in the country. Overall, this study highlights the importance of monitoring and implementing effective management practices to mitigate the spread of resistant strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article develops a qualitative, descriptive, and analytical methodological approach, to critically rethink the problems of cultural and linguistic inclusion that indigenous peoples fase. The modern/colonial world-system and the geopolitics of knowledge that hegemonic countries impose upon others are introduced. Then, this study describes the historical and political context that led to the creation of inclusive initiatives in universities. Later, it explains the educational philosophy that intercultural communication adopts in two educational centers. As a result, this work discusses the intercultural communication between indigenous and hegemonic populations.

Tequila production occurs in Mexico's designated area of origin, principally in the Jalisco State. Its residues are a challenge in treatment and tracking due to a lack of technology, non-economic treatments available, low environmental consciousness and incipient control from authorities. In 2021, average production was close to 1.5 million tequila litres per day with an estimated residue yield of 10–12 litres of stillage (tequila vinasses) per tequila litre produced, including volatile fractions. This research aims to reduce organic matter by electrooxidation (EO) from 5 distillation volatile residual effluents (two-stage still distillation) from three tequila distilleries, first and second-stage heads and heads and tails and second-stage non-evaporated fraction. Round 3 mm titanium (grade-1) electrodes (one anode and one cathode) were used, with fixed voltage to a value of 30 VDC at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 h with 75 experiments. Gas chromatography was used to analyse methanol, ethanol, acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, n-propanol, sec-butanol, iso-butanol, n-butanol, iso-amyl, n-amyl, and ethyl lactate content. Treatment shows positive results, reducing organic matter content in all effluents in a Chemical Oxygen Demand COD range of 580–1880 mg/L.h, particularly useful in the second-stage non-evaporated fraction for water recovery. Residual effluent treatment is beneficial to environmental and resource sustainability. Process without adding materials achieving cleaner treated effluents. Process aimed as the final step to recover water. This process could help the Tequila industry to reach a higher sustainability level by reducing water usage and untreated residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What relationships exist between Mexican students and their professors? This paper compares student expectations with their experiences. This comparison is done by analyzing which elements of personality, teaching style and learning environment are valued by Mexican students in the course of their formal university education. The study was conducted at two different Mexican multi-campus universities using a survey method. Exploratory factor analysis was used to aggregate characteristics that students were looking for in their teachers. Results indicate that expectations were not met a single time and the difference between expectations and experiences was statistically significant in all of the 52 items compared. Students are counting on the personality of their teachers to adapt their teaching styles and provide a positive learning environment.

School climate is an important construct for guiding violence prevention efforts in U.S. schools, but there has been less consideration of this concept in its neighboring country Mexico, which has a higher prevalence of violence. The U.S. Department of Education outlined a three-domain conceptualization of school climate (i.e., safe and supportive schools model) that includes engagement, safety, and the school environment. To examine the applicability of this school climate model in Mexico, the present study tested its measurement invariance across middle school students in the United States (n = 15,099) and Mexico (n = 2,211). Findings supported full invariance for engagement and modified-safety scales indicating that factor loadings and intercepts contributed almost equally to factor means, and scale scores were comparable across groups. Partial invariance was found for the environment scales. Results of a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) consisting of all 13 school climate scales indicated significantly positive associations among all scales in the U.S. sample and among most scales in the Mexico sample. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Background: Human rhinovirus (HRV), traditionally recognized as the primary etiological agent of the common cold, has become the second most important viral agent in bronchopulmonary conditions, such as pneumonia and asthma exacerbations. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, several viruses exhibited changes in their epidemiological behavior. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of children with HRV pneumonia before and during the pandemic in Mexico. Methods: A comparative ambispective longitudinal epidemiological study of two cohorts (prepandemic and pandemic periods) was carried out. Two databases were compared: one from 2010 to 2013 and the other from 2021 to 2023. Children under 5 years of age diagnosed with HRV pneumonia were included. Student's t‐test, χ2 tests, and logistic regression were used to assess risk factors associated with severe pneumonia. Incidence density was calculated as HRV cases per 10 new cases of pneumonia per month for each year. Results: During the pandemic, the age of presentation shifted from 5 months to 16 months. There was a higher incidence of HRV pneumonia in children during the pandemic, particularly in the second half of 2021, with a peak in July and August. In addition, there was an increase in severity (53% vs. 63%, p = 0.006) and coinfections (51.3% vs. 76% p < 0.001). A higher prevalence of all risk factors was observed in the second cohort. Conclusions: During the pandemic, a shift toward older age, a higher percentage of coinfections, and increased severity associated to HRV pneumonia were observed. These findings highlight the need for the development and implementation of targeted prevention and treatment measures for HRV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to analyse the role of Mexican District Courts in cases related to the education sector and, specifically, the stance courts take on guaranteeing the right to education. The study is conducted through thematic and frequency analysis of judgments available from indirect amparo trials in administrative and labour matters across the 32 judicial circuits in Mexico during 2019, 2020 and the first semester of 2021. This study arises from the need to understand, from the perspective of judicialisation, the impact that the Mexican education sector has faced in the context of approved structural reforms in recent years, the problems of quality and equality experienced, and any exacerbations provoked by the COVID-19 pandemic. The article's discussion centres on certain paradigmatic and particularly relevant cases for the protection of children's right to education in Mexico, including the examination of both the claims presented by the claimants and the arguments developed by the adjudicating institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a comprehensive dataset of hydrological information gathered from five key eastern basins in Jalisco, Mexico. The dataset encompasses approximately 50 limnological variables and phytoplankton counts specifically for one of these basins. Water‐quality data were collected by the State Water Commission of Jalisco, adhering to the methods outlined in the Official Mexican Norm 'NOM‐127'. Monthly samplings were conducted to assess environmental variables such as pH, temperature, oxygen, nutrients and heavy metals. Monitoring has been ongoing for three basins since 2009, while the remaining two basins have been monitored since 2015 and 2020. Phytoplankton data were obtained from monthly samples taken by the University of Guadalajara between 2014 and 2019 in Lake Cajititlán. The original data were cleaned and organized using tidy data principles, with codes accessible on GitHub. To facilitate data exploration and visualization, we developed a user‐friendly web application with the Shiny package in R. This application enables users to explore the dataset through summary statistics tables, time series plots and phytoplankton community analysis. The dataset is accessible on Zenodo. The presented data hold significance for environmental and water‐quality assessment and applications in machine learning, neural network models, community ecology and broader environmental research. Notably, the raw data, publicly accessible from the State Water Commission of Jalisco, have been previously utilized for these purposes. This dataset offers value due to its diverse limnological and phytoplankton variables, an extended time frame of availability, a curated and streamlined accessibility process and the inclusion of a web application for intuitive exploration and visualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

All too often phatic communion is neglected in the English as a foreign language classroom or relegated to the level of formulaic language which merits little or no attention. In this article we argue that phatic communion plays an important role in establishing, developing and maintaining interpersonal relationships between teacher and learners which can be seen in terms of solidarity and supportiveness. Furthermore, small talk offers one of the few opportunities for students to engage in meaningful communicative interaction in the English as a foreign language classroom which is largely characterised by non-authentic language activities. Using classroom data, we attempt to show that teachers and students actively look for ways to enhance personal relationships as they boost the face of other interactants.

Although bullying is increasingly researched in the USA, there remains a limited study of bullying among Mexican youth. To address this gap, the present study compared bullying dynamics across the two countries, with a specific focus on Latinx youth in the US and Mexican youth. Data come from a large school-based survey of 3030 US self-identified as Latinx/Hispanic and 2211 Mexican adolescents. The survey utilized the US-derived term "bullying" for the definition-based questions with the definitions and behaviors translated into the local Mexican Spanish dialect. Logistic regression results indicated that the prevalence of youth who bully is similar; however, more Mexican youth reported being a victim while more US Latinx youth reported witnessing bullying. US Latinx youths' responses to bullying reflect behaviors emphasized in bullying prevention programs whereas Mexican youth reported more retaliatory responses. This study informs our understanding of similarities and differences in bullying dynamics across contexts, which is critical to informing intervention development and adaptation to target locally relevant bullying behaviors.

Introduction. Cancer survivorship in Mexico is a research topic that is still in its infancy. No specific studies have been found on the needs of this population, meaning that there are no validated scales in the Mexican population measuring the needs of cancer survivors. Objective. To validate and adapt the Cancer Survivors' Unmet Needs survey, Spanish version (CaSUN-Mx) for use in the Mexican adult oncology population. Method. One hundred and eighty participants answered the questionnaire (CaSUN-S). For the analysis, the study was divided into three phases: content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency analysis. Results. The final version of the adapted questionnaire (CaSUN-Mx) has 34 items and one open question. It was divided into five factors with a total Cronbach's Alpha of .95 and a value of over .85, in all the subscales (psychological care, comprehensive and collaborative care, practical and information needs, and those associated with effects. Discussion and conclusion. The CaSUN-Mx questionnaire has content validity because it has been adequately linguistically and culturally adapted, and construct validity because of its factorial structure, and reliability, making it suitable for use in the Mexican adult oncology population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Mexico, hepatitis B and C infections are a significant burden on the health system. The aim of this narrative review was to analyze the state of the art on hepatitis B and C in Mexico by searching and studying available data in academic articles and government reports and statements on epidemiology, prevention, treatment, and elimination strategies undertaken by the Mexican government. Even where the government has implemented a hepatitis B vaccination strategy to reduce its incidence, a very low proportion of people complete the vaccination schedule. Regarding hepatitis C, there is a National Elimination Program that emphasizes the importance of screening, diagnosis, and treatment focused on the population at risk. With the implementation of this program, more than a million fast tests have been carried out and the positive cases have been verified by viral load. Infected patients are tested to determine liver function, fibrosis stage, and coinfection with HBV and/or HIV. Patients without cirrhosis and/or coinfections are treated in first-level care centers, while those with cirrhosis and/or comorbidities are referred to specialists. The possibility of hepatitis C eradication in Mexico seems more likely than eradication of hepatitis B; however, major challenges remain to be overcome to reach both infections' elimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entomopathogenic fungi have been considered potential biological control agents against the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), the world's most important pest of maize. In this study, we evaluated the natural infection, molecular characteristics, and biological activity of Metarhizium rileyi (Farlow) isolated from S. frugiperda larvae of this insect, collected from maize crops in five Mexican locations. Natural infection ranged from 23% to 90% across all locations analyzed. Twenty-four isolates were evaluated on S. frugiperda second instars at a concentration of 1.0 × 108 conidia/mL, causing 70% to 98.7% mortality and 60.5% to 98.7% sporulation. Isolates T9-21, Z30-21, PP48-21, and L8-22 were selected to determine their phylogenetic relationships by β-tubulin gene analysis and to compare median lethal concentration (CL50), median lethal time (LT50), and larval survival. These isolates were grouped into three clades. The T9-21, PP48-21, and J10-22 isolates were closely related (clade A), but phylogenetically distant from Z30-21 (clade B) and L8-22 (clade C) isolates. These genetic differences were not always reflected in their pathogenicity characteristics since no differences were observed among the LC50 values. Furthermore, isolates T9-21, J10-22, and L8-22 were the fastest to kill S. frugiperda larvae, causing lower survival rates. We conclude that native M. rileyi isolates represent an important alternative for the biocontrol of S. frugiperda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), arterial hypertension (HTN), and obesity are significant global health challenges, contributing to millions of premature deaths. In Mexico, these pose major challenges due to limited access to healthcare and inadequate primary care quality. Complementary medicine presents itself as an adjuvant in this context, offering minimally invasive techniques to enhance physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. However, effective treatment adherence is crucial for positive outcomes, influenced by self-efficacy, resulting in persistently low adherence rates—a pressing public health concern. This observational study aimed to explore how perceptions of complementary medicine and treatment adherence predict self-efficacy among individuals with chronic diseases in Mexico. Data were collected from 113 participants with chronic conditions, including T2DM, HTN, and obesity. Participants completed surveys assessing perception of complementary medicine, treatment adherence, and self-efficacy. Statistical analyses, including correlations and regression, were conducted to examine the relationships between variables. The study revealed significant correlations between the perception of complementary medicine, treatment adherence, and self-efficacy. Treatment adherence was positively associated with self-efficacy, while perception of holistic medicine was negatively correlated with self-efficacy. Perception of complementary medicine and adherence to treatment were found to predict 41.9% (p = 0.001) self-efficacy. These findings underscore the potential of complementary therapies in enhancing self-efficacy levels, and highlight the importance of holistic healthcare approaches in managing chronic conditions. Further research is needed to better understand these relationships and their implications for healthcare outcomes in Mexico and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigacion & Educacion en Enfermeria is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Enfermeria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Desacatos is the property of Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropologia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Risk factors for severe dengue manifestations have been attributed to various factors, including specific serotypes, sex, and age. Mexico has seen the re-emergence of DENV-3, which has not circulated in a decade. Objective: To describe dengue serotypes by age, sex, and their association with disease severity in dengue-positive serum samples from epidemiological surveillance system units. Materials and Methods: A descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the frequency of dengue severity by sex, age, disease quarter, geographical location, and dengue virus serotypes. The study was conducted using laboratory samples from confirmed dengue cases through RT-qPCR from the epidemiological surveillance laboratory network of the Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico. Simple frequencies and proportions were calculated using the z-test for proportional differences between groups. Bivariate analysis with adjusted Chi2 was performed, and binary logistic regression models were constructed using the forward Wald method considering the model's predictive capacity. The measure of association was the odds ratio, with 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was set to an alpha level of <0.05. Results: In 2023, 10,441 samples were processed for dengue RT-qPCR at the IMSS, with a predominance of serotype DENV-3 (64.4%). The samples were mostly from women (52.0%) and outpatient cases (63.3%). The distribution of dengue severity showed significant variations by age, with a lower proportion of severe cases in young children and a higher proportion in the 5- to 14-year-old group. Hospitalizations increased significantly with severity. Warm regions had more cases overall and severity. Cases were most frequent from July to September. While DENV-2 was associated with severity, DENV-4 was not. Binary regression identified higher risk in women, age extremes, and DENV-2, with an overall predictive model of 58.5%. Conclusions: Women, age groups at the extremes of life, and the DENV-2 serotype presented severe risk of dengue in a population with social security in Mexico during 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mexico and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) present a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with gender-differentiated risk factors and access to prevention, diagnosis and care. However, the political agenda in LMICs as it relates to health and gender is primarily focused on sexual and reproductive health rights and preventing violence against women. This research article analyses public policies related to gender and NCDs, identifying political challenges in the current response to women's health needs, and opportunities to promote interventions that recognize the role of gender in NCDs and NCD care in Mexico. Methods: We carried out a political mapping and stakeholder analysis during July–October of 2022, based on structured desk research and interviews with eighteen key stakeholders related to healthcare, gender and NCDs in Mexico. We used the PolicyMaker V5 software to identify obstacles and opportunities to promote interventions that recognize the role of gender in NCDs and NCD care, from the perspective of the political stakeholders interviewed. Results: We found as a political obstacle that policies and stakeholders addressing NCDs do not take a gender perspective, while policies and stakeholders addressing gender equality do not adequately consider NCDs. The gendered social and economic aspects of the NCD burden are not widely understood, and the multi-sectoral approach needed to address these aspects is lacking. Economic obstacles show that budget cuts exacerbated by the pandemic are a significant obstacle to social protection mechanisms to support those caring for people living with NCDs. Conclusions: Moving towards an effective, equity-promoting health and social protection system requires the government to adopt an intersectoral, gender-based approach to the prevention and control of NCDs and the burden of NCD care. Despite significant resource constraints, policy innovation may be possible given the willingness among some stakeholders to collaborate, particularly in the labour and legal sectors. However, care will be needed to ensure the implementation of new policies has a positive impact on both gender equity and health outcomes. Research on successful approaches in other contexts can help to identify relevant learnings for Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cyclospora cayetanensis is a protozoan parasite that causes intestinal illness in humans worldwide. Despite its global distribution, most genomic data for C. cayetanensis has been obtained from isolates collected in the United States, leaving genetic variability among globally distributed isolates underexplored. Results: In the present study, the genome of an isolate of C. cayetanensis obtained from a child with diarrhea living in Mexico was sequenced and assembled. Evaluation of the assembly using a lineage typing system recently developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention revealed that this isolate is lineage A. Conclusions: Given that the only other whole genome assembly available from Mexico was classified as lineage B, the data presented here represent an important step in expanding our knowledge of the diversity of C. cayetanensis isolates from Mexico at the genomic level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Patients with optic pathway gliomas (OPG) have good survival rates although their long-term quality of life can be affected by the tumor or treatment-related morbidity. This retrospective study sought to describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of children with OPG at a tertiary center in Mexico. Methods: Consecutive patients <18 years-of-age with newly diagnosed OPG between January 2002 and December 2020 at the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca in Guadalajara, Mexico were included. Results: Thirty patients were identified with a median age of six years. The most frequent clinical manifestations were loss of visual acuity (40%) and headaches (23%). Neurofibromatosis-1 was found in 23.3% of the patients. Surgery, either biopsy or resection, was done in 20 of 30 patients. Two patients died shortly after initial surgery. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was 79.3% ± 10.8% and the 5-year overall survival was 89.5% ± 6.9%. Lower EFS was associated with age less than 3 years, intracranial hypertension at presentation, and diencephalic syndrome. Patients who received surgery as first-line treatment had a 3.1 times greater risk of achieving a performance score of less than 90 points at 6 months after diagnosis (p=0.006). Of 10 patients with vision testing, 5 had improvement in visual acuity, 4 had no changes, and one patient showed worsening. Conclusion: Our data suggests that favorable outcomes can be achieved with OPG in low- and middle-income countries, although a high rate of surgical complications was described leading to a lower overall survival. These data can be used prospectively to optimize treatment at this institute and other middleincome countries through a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Mixtures of Mycotoxins, Phytoestrogens, and Other Secondary Metabolites in Whole-Plant Corn Silages and Total Mixed Rations of Dairy Farms in Central and Northern Mexico." The correction states that there was an error in Table 3 of the original publication, where a section of the table was unintentionally deleted. The corrected table has been provided, and the authors assure that the scientific conclusions of the article are unaffected. The document provides data on the levels of various mycotoxins, fungal metabolites, and plant metabolites found in different samples. The data includes the mean levels, ranges, and standard deviations for each compound. This information can be used to assess potential health risks associated with exposure to these compounds. [Extracted from the article]

Obesity is a public health problem with a growing prevalence worldwide. In Mexico, it is estimated that one out of three adults suffer from obesity. In these patients, the intestinal microbiota (IM) undergoes pathological changes that are associated with a dysbiotic state; however, the microbiota profile of adult subjects with obesity from western Mexico has not been described. To assess this, fecal samples were obtained from 65 participants (Obese = 38; Control = 27). The microbial composition was characterized by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The IM of the group with obesity revealed a clear decrease in richness and diversity (p < 0.001), as well as a significant increase in proinflammatory bacterial groups, mainly genera belonging to the Negativicutes class, Escherichia/Shigella, and Prevotella. Likewise, an increase in short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria was found, especially the genus Lachnoclostridium. Additionally, PICRUSt2 analysis showed a depletion of vitamin B9 metabolism and an increase in saccharolytic pathways. The IM of patients with obesity possesses a dysbiotic, proinflammatory environment, possibly contributing to lipogenesis and adiposity. Thus, assessing the IM will allow for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases of high prevalence, such as obesity. These findings are described for the first time in the adult population of western Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document titled "Sociolinguistic History of Mexico. Volume 5. New visits to the past and present" is a review of the book directed by Rebeca Barriga Villanueva and Pedro Martín Butragueño. The book addresses topics such as the role of migrations in processes of linguistic variation and change, the influence of linguistic attitudes and beliefs on speakers' decisions, the function of identity and linguistic ideologies in defining linguistic varieties, and the impact of language policies on speaker communities. It also analyzes variation and linguistic change in Mexican Spanish, as well as literature in indigenous languages and dialectal contact in Mexican Spanish. Additionally, it examines the language and educational policies implemented in relation to indigenous languages in Mexico, noting that they have contributed to the displacement of these languages and discrimination against indigenous communities. [Extracted from the article]

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental health of populations around the world, but few longitudinal studies of its impact on suicidal thoughts and behaviors have been published especially from low- and middle-income countries. This is a prospective cohort study of 1,385 first-year students from 5 Universities in Mexico followed-up for 1 year. We report 1-year cumulative incidence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors before (September 19, 2019–March 29, 2020) and during the COVID-19 period (March 30, 2020–June 30, 2020), focusing on those in the COVID-19 period with risk conditions and positive coping strategies during the pandemic. There was an increase in the incidence of suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 period compared to the pre-COVID-19 period (RR 1.65, 95%CI 1.08–2.50). This increase was mostly found among students with heightened sense of vulnerability (RR 1.95), any poor coping behavior (RR 2.40) and a prior mental disorder (RR 2.41). While we found no evidence of an increased risk of suicidal planning or attempts, there was evidence that those without lifetime mental health disorders were at greater risk of suicidal plans than those with these disorders especially if they had poor coping strategies (RR 3.14). In the short term, how students deal with the pandemic, being at high risk and having poor coping behavior, increased the new occurrence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Studies with longer follow-up and interventions to reduce or enhance these behaviors are needed. Suicidal ideation increased during the COVID-19 period Those with heightened sense of vulnerability and poor coping were more affected Studies with longer follow-up are needed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Criterio Libre is the property of Revista Criterio Libre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan is the property of Revista Biologico Agropecuaria Tuxpan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The World Health Organization (WHO) considers antimicrobial resistance to be one of the critical global public health priorities to address. Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium of the gut microbiota in humans and animals; however, some strains cause infections and are resistant to antibiotics. One of the most common ways of acquiring pathogenic E. coli strains is through food. This review analyzes multidrug-resistant E. coli isolated from food, emphasizing Latin America and Mexico, and the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) responsible for spreading antibiotic resistance determinants among bacteria in different environments and hosts. We conducted a systematic search of the literature published from 2015 to 2022 in open access databases and electronic repositories. The prevalence of 11 E. coli pathotypes was described, with diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes being the most frequently associated with foodborne illness in different Latin American countries, highlighting the presence of different antibiotic resistance genes mostly carried by IncF-type plasmids or class 1 integrons. Although the global incidence of foodborne illness is high, there have been few studies in Mexico and Latin America, which highlights the need to generate updated epidemiological data from the "One Health" approach, which allows monitoring of the multidrug-resistance phenomenon in E. coli from a common perspective in the interaction of human, veterinary, and environmental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This cross-sectional predictive correlational study hypothesizes the influence that the inhibitory control and online sexual material has on sexual compulsivity in high school adolescents. Simple random sampling was performed to select groups of high school adolescents (n = 347). Two instruments with acceptable psychometric properties and a neuropsychological test were used. A significant positive relationship was identified between phase 1 reaction time (rs=.16, p <.01), type of online sexual material (rs =.36, p <.01), coercive use (rs =.44, p <.01), problematic use (rs =.15, p <.01) and sexual compulsivity. The omission of both phases, reaction time, consultation of fetish sexual material, dominant, exploratory, and dependence, explained 22.1% of the variance in the sexual compulsivity of adolescents. The simple linear regression model was statistically significant (F[7,267] = 10.840, p <.001). Our findings show that omission (lack of attention), reaction time (impulsivity), and online sexual material influence sexual compulsivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is no prior study in Mexico reporting on the 6-h prevalence and risk of drug use among injured patients attending an Emergency Department (ED). Methods: We report here on a sample of 705 adult patients, admitted to the ED of a public hospital in Mexico City (January and February 2002). Patients reported on alcohol and drug use (amphetamines, tranquilizers, marihuana, cocaine, cocaine–crack, hallucinogens, inhalants, heroin, and others) during the last 12 months, within the 6 h prior to the injury and for the day prior to the injury, the same day the week prior and the same day the last month. Results: Drug use was not just infrequently reported immediately before the injury but was less frequently reported in that period than in any other control period. Co-occurrence of drug use and alcohol was not common and did not increase the risk of an injury. Sole use of alcohol was a strong risk factor, while sole use of drugs decreased the risk of injury. Conclusions: It is not apparent why drug use alone reduces the risk of an injury. Studies focusing on a single cause of injuries with larger samples to study the differential effects of specific drugs are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Answers from a set of questions about institutional management are analyzed, they were part of The Reconfiguration of the Academic Profession in Mexico survey, taken in 2007-2008. The study compares the perspective of technological public institutions professors and public state universities, relative to the communication, collegiality and administrative practices. The results show that the academicians of the first institutions perceived, with regard to the academicians of the seconds, the most complicated administrative processes, minor communication and a deficient participation on decisions making are discussed in the light of the federal policies and organizations concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endotherm homeotherms deal with the energetic cost of maintaining a stable body temperature (Tb) in ecosystems differing in ambient temperature (Ta). In response, animals adjust some of their thermal energetics to meet the energy requirements of thermoregulation. Bats are small mammals with a geographical distribution that may include environments with different Ta. Therefore, these animals should adjust their thermal energetics depending on the environmental characteristics of the habitats where they live. Using open-flow respirometry, we measured basal metabolic rate (BMR), thermal conductance (C'), lower and upper critical temperatures (TLC and TUC), and breadth of the thermoneutral zone (TNZb) of the cave myotis (Myotis velifer (J.A. Allen, 1890)) living in a coniferous forest versus a tropical deciduous forest in central Mexico. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to measure thermal energetics at the intraspecific level in populations measured at the same time. Bats from the coniferous forest had lower BMR, C', TLC, TUC, and a wider TNZb than bats from the tropical deciduous forest. The results we found here are likely the consequence of the differences between the energy demands imposed by Ta, where the animals roost, and the Ta and prey availability of their foraging areas. These differences may help individuals regulate their heat production and dissipation to maintain low thermoregulatory costs in the places they inhabit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala is the property of Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The national and international markets' demand for wheat commercialization is conditioned by quality standards, among which the protein content and percentage of vitreous grain, without white belly, stand out. In them, nitrogen plays an important role in the yield and quality of the wheat grain. For these reasons, the objective of this research was to determine the effect that nitrogen has on yield, grain protein, and the vitreous grain percentage. A field experiment, planted on December 16, 2009, was conducted at the Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Universidad Autónoma de Baja California. The experimental design was of complete randomized blocks with four repetitions. The assessed treatments were 0, 105, 210, 315, and 340 kg of N ha-1 (N0, N105, N210, N315 and N340, respectively). The sown seed was Aconchi F-76 variety crystal wheat. The evaluated variables were grain yield, protein content, and vitreous grain quantity (without white belly). The results indicated that the 210, 315, and 340 kg of N ha-1 treatments affected the yield, protein content, and white belly decrease in the grain. Grain quality is therefore improved with these nitrogen doses, in relation to the quality of the harvested grain in the plots with 0 kg ha-1 and those cultivated with 105 kg ha-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a 100% renewable and diversified system taking advantage of the available energy potential of renewable energies in Mexico with a view to a planned energy transition in cooperation with the environment. The processes of change that are experienced worldwide in favor of the planet make us reflect and propose alternatives that break traditional schemes in the production of energy (for which reason Mexico cannot deviate from its current model). It is here that this research becomes a transcendental and important reference for decision-making and the transformation of the energy sector in Mexico. The current electrical system relies on fossil fuels that need to be replaced by renewable energy sources (and it is necessary to satisfy growing demands in the long term). The methodological process is carried out with the use of the 100% renewable energy market design tool EnergyPLAN, which puts the concept of intelligent energy into practice by 2050. Finally, after analyzing the results, it is concluded that a good energy mix for 2050 is 30% solar photovoltaic, 25% wind, 14.5% hydraulic, 13.8% CSP plants, and 16.7% other technologies. Surpluses may be sold to the United States and Central America through interconnection points. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contribution of small farms to the global food supply is in debate due to lack of empirical evidence. In Mexico, small farms have been relatively important for national food supply due to an agrarian reform in the first half of the 20th century, but their role has been decreasing in the last decades. The aim of this study is to quantify how much small farms produce of the Mexican agricultural supply, and with which farming practices, using the 2019 National Agricultural Survey. The results show that small farms produce 19% of the national agricultural production with similar farming practices to those of medium and large farms. When considering imports and exports, small farms produce 15% of the national agricultural supply. The production of small farms consists mainly of cash crops (e.g. sugar cane, fruits & vegetables, animal products, fodder crops) and, to a lesser extent, staple crops such as maize and beans. The fact that small farms produce one fifth of the national production after decades of governmental support towards large farms suggests that they have resilient production systems. The results of this study support that stronger efforts should be made to enhance the role of small farms in achieving Mexican food sovereignty. This will not only have benefits in terms of food supply but may also have a wide range of social and environmental benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agricultura Sociedad y Desarrollo is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hirsutella citriformis Speare is the only entomopathogenic fungus that has been applied to control the hemipteran Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. However, the use of available commercial products under field conditions is limited due to conidia's shelf life and short environmental persistence. We have previously reported the citrus psyllid D. citri adults' biocontrol potential using H. citriformis strains. The aim of the present study was to evaluate different formulations based on H. citriformis (OP-Hir-3, OP-Hir-10, and OP-Hir-12 strains) conidia and gums as additives to improve D. citri adults' biocontrol, under laboratory, greenhouse, and field conditions, using Hirsutella gums as conidia stabilizers to improve their viability under environmental drought conditions and as insecticide. Laboratory bioassay results showed that the highest (p < 0.05) D. citri mortality was achieved using FOP-Hir-10GH (63.5%), followed by the Hirsutella gum control (42.2%). Under greenhouse conditions, adults' mortality reached up to 84.6% with FOP-Hir-12 and 49.0% with Hirsutella gum. In addition, we applied H. citriformis formulations under field conditions in a commercial citrus grove located in Tecomán, Colima, México, at 21.5 °C and 73.3% relative humidity (RH) in March and 25.7 °C and 72.5% RH in October 2022 and observed 67.3% and 94.0% mortality of D. citri adults, respectively. Hirsutella gum alone showed significant insecticidal activity against D. citri adults. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that Hirsutella gum functioned as additive to H. citriformis conidia formulations, improving D. citri adults' mortality and showing potential for this pest biocontrol in citrus orchards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. The objective of this research was to detect cases of newborns at risk of congenital critical heart disease through neonatal cardiac screening tests using the instrument called "pulse oximeter" manufactured by Masimo SET, as part of the collaboration between the Newborn Foundation, the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez and the Autonomous University of Queretaro. Method. A total of 547 newborns were screened from December 2019 to March 2021 at Femap Hospital (Ciudad Juarez, Mexico), following the Newborn Foundation algorithm to detect arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) in the right hand and foot; a saturation lower than 95% would be an indicator of heart disease risk. Results. Four risky cases of congenital critical heart disease were detected Using the pulse oximeter, referred to as a gold standard test (echocardiography). After the procedure, one case was confirmed positive by the specialist. With the data obtained, correlations and statistical associations were calculated using variables of SpO2 (dependent), height, weight, and age in hours of the newborn (independent). A positive correlation between hand SpO2 and foot SpO2 values was confirmed. Finally, SpO2 prediction graphs were obtained, where it was observed that the age in hours and the weight of the newborn (independent variables) influence the SpO2 variable, showing these maximum and minimum values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of depression as well the suicide rate in Mexico in the past years. Materials and Methods: Observational analysis through open access databases on cases of depression and mortality in Mexico between the years 2014-2021; the incidence and suicide rate were calculated along the 95% confidence interval by assuming a Poisson distribution. Results: The incidence of depression in Mexico has increased since 2014; the calculated incidence in the next years shows that this trend will continue. Females are more affected than men, while the age group most affected is people over 60 years of age. The Mexican state that registers more new cases is Durango. The suicide rate also shows an increasing trend in recent years. Conclusion: Depression is a growing health public problem. The early diagnosis of depression in Mexico is still insubstantial; then, better surveillance of this disease is necessary to properly address the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]