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Mexico is undertaking a complete transformation of its energy sector. In December 2013, the Mexican Congress approved a series of constitutional amendments that intended to open the hydrocarbons and power sectors to private and foreign investment for the first time since the 1950s through profit- and production-sharing contracts and through new licenses for exploration and production. This energy reform was boosted by the decline in oil and gas exploration and production over the past 10 years, and the rise of electricity prices for both industrial and domestic consumers. Even though it is still soon to analyse the impact that the energy reform is having on Mexico׳s energy sector, this reform is likely to have a profound impact on long-term oil and gas production in Mexico, as well as on its power sector. In this sense, in relation with the changes that the Mexican energy reform entails both in the hydrocarbons and power sector, two competing visions of advocates and opponents have arisen since its approval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]