32 results on '"Schulz, A."'
Search Results
2. Contemplating Law, Film and Mennonites.
- Author
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Schulz, Jennifer L.
- Subjects
MENNONITES ,TRIANGLES (Interpersonal relations) ,FILMMAKING ,PRODUCTIVE life span ,PATRIARCHY - Abstract
In this article, I put Carlos Reygadas' prize-winning art film, Stellet Licht, to use for Law and Film purposes. Stellet Licht (or Silent Light) is the first film made in the medieval German/Prussian dialect, Plautdietsch (or Low German), and filmed in an Old Order (very conservative) Mennonite colony in Mexico. Viewers of Stellet Licht must be prepared to be contemplative because the film often eschews dialogue or action in favour of contemplation. This fictitious film invites us to contemplate a heterosexual love triangle and provides a novel site for thinking about how law and patriarchy can unconsciously work in our lives. When we do the contemplative work invited by the film, we not only see law differently, but we can also imagine miraculous reconciliation between people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Fifteen years of change in the food environment in a rural Mexican community: The Maycoba project
- Author
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Chaudhari, L S, Begay, R C, and Schulz, L O
- Published
- 2013
4. Social and Leisure Activities Predict Transitions in Cognitive Functioning in Older Mexican Adults: A Latent Transition Analysis of the Mexican Health and Aging Study.
- Author
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Robertson, Michael C, Downer, Brian, Schulz, Paul E, Samper-Ternent, Rafael, Lyons, Elizabeth J, and Milani, Sadaf Arefi
- Subjects
LEISURE ,SOCIAL participation ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,PERCEPTUAL disorders ,COGNITION ,COGNITIVE aging ,HEALTH behavior ,MEMORY disorders ,LEARNING disabilities ,RESEARCH funding ,LATENT structure analysis - Abstract
Objectives Mexico has a rapidly aging population at risk for cognitive impairment. Social and leisure activities may protect against cognitive decline in older adults. The benefits of these behaviors may vary by patterns of cognitive impairment. The objectives of this study were to identify latent states of cognitive functioning, model the incidence of transitions between these states, and investigate how social and leisure activities were associated with state transitions over a 6-year period in Mexican adults aged 60 and older. Methods We performed latent transition analyses to identify distinct cognitive statuses in the 2012 and 2018 waves of the Mexican Health and Aging Study (N = 9,091). We examined the transition probabilities between these states and their associations with social and leisure activities. Results We identified 4 cognitive statuses at baseline: normal cognition (43%), temporal disorientation (30%), perceptual-motor function impairment (7%), and learning and memory impairment (20%). Various social and leisure activities were associated with reduced odds of death and disadvantageous cognitive transitions, as well as increased odds of beneficial transitions. Discussion Mapping the effects of popular social and leisure activities onto common patterns in cognitive functioning may inform the development of more enjoyable and effective health-protective behavioral interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Learning from Others and Spontaneous Exploration: A Cross-Cultural Investigation
- Author
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Shneidman, Laura, Gweon, Hyowon, Schulz, Laura E., and Woodward, Amanda L.
- Abstract
How does early social experience affect children's inferences and exploration? Following prior work on children's reasoning in pedagogical contexts, this study examined U.S. children with less experience in formal schooling and Yucatec Mayan children whose early social input is predominantly observational. In Experiment 1, U.S. 2-year-olds (n = 77) showed more restricted exploration of a toy following a pedagogical demonstration than an interrupted, accidental, or no demonstration (baseline). In Experiment 2, Yucatec Mayan and U.S. 2-year-olds (n = 66) showed more restricted exploration following a pedagogical than an observational demonstration, while only Mayan children showed more restriction with age. These results suggest that although schooling is not a necessary precursor for sensitivity to pedagogy, early social experience may influence children's inferences and exploration in pedagogical contexts.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Allele-specific Expression Reveals Multiple Paths to Highland Adaptation in Maize.
- Author
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Hu, Haixiao, Crow, Taylor, Nojoomi, Saghi, Schulz, Aimee J, Estévez-Palmas, Juan M, Hufford, Matthew B, Flint-Garcia, Sherry, Sawers, Ruairidh, Rellán-Álvarez, Rubén, Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey, and Runcie, Daniel E
- Subjects
GENE expression ,GENETIC regulation ,UPLANDS ,CONVERGENT evolution ,CORN ,HETEROSIS in plants ,SEA level - Abstract
Maize is a staple food of smallholder farmers living in highland regions up to 4,000 m above sea level worldwide. Mexican and South American highlands are two major highland maize growing regions, and population genetic data suggest the maize's adaptation to these regions occurred largely independently, providing a case study for convergent evolution. To better understand the mechanistic basis of highland adaptation, we crossed maize landraces from 108 highland and lowland sites of Mexico and South America with the inbred line B73 to produce F
1 hybrids and grew them in both highland and lowland sites in Mexico. We identified thousands of genes with divergent expression between highland and lowland populations. Hundreds of these genes show patterns of convergent evolution between Mexico and South America. To dissect the genetic architecture of the divergent gene expression, we developed a novel allele–specific expression analysis pipeline to detect genes with divergent functional cis- regulatory variation between highland and lowland populations. We identified hundreds of genes with divergent cis- regulation between highland and lowland landrace alleles, with 20 in common between regions, further suggesting convergence in the genes underlying highland adaptation. Further analyses suggest multiple mechanisms contribute to this convergence in gene regulation. Although the vast majority of evolutionary changes associated with highland adaptation were region specific, our findings highlight an important role for convergence at the gene expression and gene regulation levels as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
7. Search for a meteoritic component within the impact melt rocks of the Chicxulub impact structure peak ring, Mexico.
- Author
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Feignon, Jean-Guillaume, Schulz, Toni, Ferrière, Ludovic, Goderis, Steven, de Graaff, Sietze J., Kaskes, Pim, Déhais, Thomas, Claeys, Philippe, and Koeberl, Christian
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SIDEROPHILE elements , *DRILL cores , *CORE drilling , *HYDROTHERMAL alteration , *IMPACT (Mechanics) , *CONTINENTAL crust , *MELTING , *OCHRATOXINS - Abstract
Constraining the degree of preservation of a meteoritic signature within an impact structure provides vital insights in the complex pathways and processes that occur during and after an impact cratering event, providing information on the fate of the projectile. The IODP-ICDP Expedition 364 drilling recovered a ∼829 m continuous core (M0077A) of impactites and basement rocks within the ∼200-km diameter Chicxulub impact structure peak ring. No highly siderophile element (HSE) data have been reported for any of the impact melt rocks of this drill core to date. Previous work has shown that most Chicxulub impactites contain less than 0.1% of a chondritic component. Only few impact melt rock samples in previous drill cores recovered from the Chicxulub might contain such a signal. Therefore, we analyzed impact melt rock and suevite samples, as well as pre-impact lithologies of the Chicxulub peak ring, with a focus on the HSE concentrations and Re–Os isotopic compositions. Similar to the concentrations of the other major and trace elements, those of the moderately siderophile elements (Cr, Co, Ni) of impact melt rock samples primarily reflect mixing between a mafic (dolerite) and felsic (granite) components, with the incorporation of carbonate material in the upper impact melt rock unit (from 715.60 to 747.02 meters below seafloor). The HSE concentrations of the impact melt rocks and suevites are generally low (<39 ppt Ir, <96 ppt Os, <149 ppt Pt), comparable to the values of the average upper continental crust, yet three impact melt rock samples exhibit an enrichment in Os (125–410 ppt) and two of them also in Ir (250–324 ppt) by one order of magnitude relative to the other investigated samples. The 187Os/188Os ratios of the impact melt rocks are highly variable, ranging from 0.18 to 2.09, probably reflecting heterogenous target rock contributions to the impact melt rocks. The significant amount of mafic dolerite (mainly ∼20–60% and up to 80–90%), which is less radiogenic (187Os/188Os ratio of 0.17), within the impact melt rocks makes an unambiguous identification of an extraterrestrial admixture challenging. Granite samples have unusually low 187Os/188Os ratios (0.16 on average), while impact melt rocks and suevites broadly follow a mixing trend between upper continental crust and chondritic/mantle material. Only one of the investigated samples of the upper impact melt rock unit could also be interpreted in terms of a highly diluted (∼0.01–0.05%) meteoritic component. Importantly, the impact melt rocks and pre-impact lithologies were affected by post-impact hydrothermal alteration processes, probably remobilizing Re and Os. The mafic contribution, explaining the least radiogenic 187Os/188Os values, is rather likely. The low amount of meteoritic material preserved within impactites of the Chicxulub impact structure may result from a combination of the assumed steeply-inclined trajectory of the Chicxulub impactor (enhanced vaporization, and incorporation of projectile material within the expansion plume), the impact velocity, and the volatile-rich target lithologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Mexican-Origin Women's Construction and Navigation of Racialized Identities: Implications for Health Amid Restrictive Immigrant Policies.
- Author
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LeBrón, Alana M. W., Schulz, Amy J., Gamboa, Cindy, Reyes, Angela, Viruell-Fuentes, Edna, and Israel, Barbara A.
- Subjects
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IMMIGRATION law , *PREVENTION of racism , *MEXICAN Americans , *RACISM , *HEALTH policy , *SELF advocacy , *HEALTH services accessibility , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) , *GROUNDED theory , *RESEARCH methodology , *GROUP identity , *INTERVIEWING , *SOCIAL stigma , *EXPERIENCE , *QUALITATIVE research , *ACTION research , *HEALTH impact assessment , *PSYCHOLOGY of immigrants - Abstract
This study examines how Mexican-origin women construct and navigate racialized identities in a postindustrial northern border community during a period of prolonged restrictive immigration and immigrant policies, and it considers mechanisms by which responses to racialization may shape health. This grounded theory analysis involves interviews with 48 Mexican-origin women in Detroit, Michigan, who identified as being in the first, 1.5, or second immigrant generation. In response to institutions and institutional agents using racializing markers to assess their legal status and policing access to health-promoting resources, women engaged in a range of strategies to resist being constructed as an "other." Women used the same racializing markers or symbols of (il)legality that had been used against them as a malleable set of resources to resist processes of racialization and to form, preserve, and affirm their identities. These responses include constructing an authorized immigrant identity, engaging in immigration advocacy, and resisting stigmatizing labels. These strategies may have different implications for health over time. Findings indicate the importance of addressing policies that promulgate or exacerbate racialization of Mexican-origin communities and other communities who experience growth through migration. Such policies include creating pathways to legalization and access to resources that have been invoked in racialization processes, such as state-issued driver's licenses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. MOVILIDAD ACADÉMICA INTERNACIONAL Y FORMACIÓN DOCTORAL: Un acercamiento desde la visión de los coordinadores(as).
- Author
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QUIROZ SCHULZ, LESLIE ADRIANA and MÉDOR, DUCANGE
- Subjects
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DOCTORAL degree , *TEACHER mobility , *GLOBALIZATION , *DOCTORAL programs , *HISTORY of education - Abstract
This article studies the importance of international academic mobility in doctoral education in Mexico from the perspective of the coordinators of doctoral programs in education and history. We analyze official documents and interview doctoral program coordinators in several disciplines to show the existence of interest in promoting mobility through public policy, as well as the programs' implementation of strategies to encourage this activity. The importance attached to international academic mobility is related to the certainty that such experience is fundamental in learning the craft of research, regardless of the discipline. We also show the presence of contradictions in government discourse on internationalization and the inconsistency that has characterized government support for internationalization. The result is the uncertain future of the practices of doctoral education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
10. Learning From Others and Spontaneous Exploration: A Cross-Cultural Investigation.
- Author
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Shneidman, Laura, Gweon, Hyowon, Schulz, Laura E., and Woodward, Amanda L.
- Subjects
LEARNING ,COMPREHENSION ,CROSS-cultural studies ,CULTURAL studies ,CULTURE ,BEHAVIOR ,CHILD behavior ,COMPARATIVE studies ,NATIVE Americans ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,RESEARCH ,ETHNOLOGY research ,EVALUATION research - Abstract
How does early social experience affect children's inferences and exploration? Following prior work on children's reasoning in pedagogical contexts, this study examined U.S. children with less experience in formal schooling and Yucatec Mayan children whose early social input is predominantly observational. In Experiment 1, U.S. 2-year-olds (n = 77) showed more restricted exploration of a toy following a pedagogical demonstration than an interrupted, accidental, or no demonstration (baseline). In Experiment 2, Yucatec Mayan and U.S. 2-year-olds (n = 66) showed more restricted exploration following a pedagogical than an observational demonstration, while only Mayan children showed more restriction with age. These results suggest that although schooling is not a necessary precursor for sensitivity to pedagogy, early social experience may influence children's inferences and exploration in pedagogical contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Environmentally Driven Increases in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in Pima Indians and Non-Pimas in Mexico Over a 15-Year Period: The Maycoba Project.
- Author
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Esparza-Romero, Julian, Valencia, Mauro E., Urquidez-Romero, Rene, Chaudhari, Lisa S., Hanson, Robert L., Knowler, William C., Ravussin, Eric, Bennett, Peter H., and Schulz, Leslie O.
- Subjects
PEOPLE with diabetes ,OVERWEIGHT persons ,LIFESTYLES & health ,DISEASE susceptibility ,EPIDEMICS ,PIMA (North American people) ,DISEASES ,OBESITY ,LIFE change events ,RESEARCH ,CROSS-sectional method ,RESEARCH methodology ,ECOLOGY ,EVALUATION research ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,COMPARATIVE studies ,DISEASE prevalence ,RESEARCH funding - Abstract
Objective: The global epidemics of type 2 diabetes and obesity have been attributed to the interaction between lifestyle changes and genetic predisposition to these diseases. We compared the prevalences of type 2 diabetes and obesity in Mexican Pima Indians, presumed to have a high genetic predisposition to these diseases, to those in their non-Pima neighbors, both of whom over a 15-year period experienced a transition from a traditional to a more modern lifestyle.Research Design and Methods: Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and obesity in Mexican Pimas (n = 359) and non-Pima Mexicans (n = 251) were determined in 2010 using methods identical to those used in 1995.Results: During this 15-year period, age-adjusted diabetes prevalence was unchanged in Pima men (5.8% in 1995 vs. 6.1% in 2010) yet increased in non-Pima men from 0.0 to 8.6% (P < 0.05). Diabetes prevalence tended to increase in both Pima women (9.4 vs. 13.4%) and non-Pima women (4.8 vs. 9.5%). Age-adjusted prevalence of obesity increased significantly in all groups (6.6 vs. 15.7% in Pima men; 8.5 vs. 20.5% in non-Pima men; 18.9. vs 36.3% in Pima women; 29.5 vs. 42.9% in non-Pima women).Conclusions: Type 2 diabetes prevalence increased between 1995 and 2010 in non-Pima men, and to a lesser degree in women of both groups, but it did not increase in Pima men. Prevalence of obesity increased among Pimas and non-Pimas of both sexes. These changes occurred concomitantly with an environmental transition from a traditional to a more modernized lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
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12. The Role of the Internet in Transnational Mobilization: A Case Study of the Zapatista Movement, 1994-2007.
- Author
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Schulz, Markus S.
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INTERNET ,WIDE area networks ,PUBLIC opinion ,SOCIAL conflict - Abstract
The Internet has been hailed as a promising tool for fostering transnational interactive communication, the creation of a global civil society, and the empowerment of local grassroots actors. This paper aims to provide a nuanced account and assessment of the role of the Internet and other media interfaces in a conflict in which transnational public opinion was widely seen as having generated decisive impact: the case of the Zapatista movement. Rejecting exaggerations and underestimation of the Internet's role, the paper investigates how the relations between heterogeneous components of the movement were established, maintained, mobilized, and modified, dissolved or replaced over time. The dynamic network linked struggles for the public good at local, national, and global levels and fosteredâ?”within specific limitsâ?”the cooperation between otherwise unlikely allies. The multi-method project examines a data set of over 42,000 electronic mails and web-pages, as well as national international newspaper articles, television footage and transcripts, and ethnographic notes from interviews and fieldwork in multiple sites in Mexico, the United States, and Europe over the period 1994-2007. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2007
13. From Rancheros to Punk Rock: The Music of the Zapatista Movement.
- Author
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Schulz, Markus S.
- Subjects
PUNK rock music ,HISTORY of Chiapas, Mexico ,TRANSNATIONALISM - Abstract
This paper explores the role of music in the transnational Zapatista movement, 1994-2004. When indigenous peasants rose up in arms in the South-Esstern Mexican state of Chiapas on January 1, 1994 to protest longstanding grievances of discriminiation, repression, and lack of access to land and other resources, their cause was met with wide-spread sympathy and support in different regions of Mexico as well as in scores of other countries. This transnational support was crucial in facilitating the rebels' survival and it took on momentum of its own. The unlikely alliance between Mayan peasants and urban dwellers from the post-industrial world was bridged through a variety of media devices, including of music. It is argued that the analysis of music helps to explain the dynamics of these transnational network-linkages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
14. Study Design of the Maycoba Project: Obesity and Diabetes in Mexican Pimas.
- Author
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Urquidez-Romero, Rene, Esparza-Romero, Julian, Chaudhari, Lisa S., Begay, R. Cruz, Giraldo, Mario, Ravussin, Eric, Knowler, William C., Hanson, Robert L., Bennett, Peter H., Schulz, Leslie O., and Valencia, Mauro E.
- Subjects
GENETICS of type 2 diabetes ,OBESITY genetics ,DIABETES ,EXPERIMENTAL design ,INDIGENOUS peoples of the Americas ,MORTALITY ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,OBESITY ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding - Abstract
Objective: To focus on the rationale and methods of the Maycoba Project. Methods: Study population included Mexican Pima Indians (MPI) and Blancos aged ≥20-years, living in the village of Maycoba and surrounding area. Surveys in 1995 and 2010 included a medical history, biochemical and anthropometric measurements. Additionally, socioeconomic, physical activity, and dietary interviews were conducted. The 2010 study incorporated investigations on type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity-associated genetic alleles and human-environment changes. Results: The study results are limited to demographic data and description of the eligible and examined sample. Conclusions: This study may yield important information on T2D and obesity etiology in a traditional population exposed to environmental changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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15. Land-use and land-cover assessment for the study of lifestyle change in a rural Mexican community: The Maycoba Project.
- Author
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Giraldo, Mario A., Chaudhari, Lisa S., and Schulz, Leslie O.
- Subjects
PIMA (North American people) ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,LIFESTYLES ,LAND use ,DISEASES - Abstract
Background: In 1995, a study was conducted to identify the effects of traditional and westernized environments on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians (Pimas) in Mexico and the United States. The study concluded that the more traditional lifestyle in Mexico had a protective effect against this metabolic disorder. In the ensuing 15 years, the environmental circumstances of the Mexican Pimas changed, and a follow-up study was conducted to determine the role environmental change plays in the development of diabetes in this genetically susceptible population. A major element of environmental transition relates to land-use and land-cover (LULC) changes that could affect physical activity and promote an obesogenic environment. This study examined changes in the region's LULC to determine whether there have been transitions in agricultural land use and urbanization that would be consistent with a more sedentary lifestyle. Changes were assessed from 1994 aerial photographs and 2007 satellite images. Results: The land-cover analysis showed that mixed vegetation and dense trees cover most of the study area. It suggested a rural environment that includes a low percentage of impermeable areas, and it indicated that the area experiencing human intervention covers 7% of the total area. The land-use-change findings showed a decrease or no change in agricultural or ranching areas and a decrease in farmland due to reforestation or revegetation. Three variables from the land-use-change analysis were examined as proxies for lifestyle change: urban development, dwelling-unit density, and variation in the road network. Two of the measures--the amount of urbanization and the number and density of dwelling units--showed increases, most notably in the town of Maycoba. There were only minor changes in the road network: most of the road segments are short and concentrated in Maycoba where most of the buildings, points of interest (e.g., church, stores), and cars are located. Conclusions: The LULC in Maycoba and surrounding settlements had changed during the study period. LULC change was used as a proxy to examine lifestyle changes that can affect levels of physical activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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16. Context of Entry and Number of Depressive Symptoms in an Older Mexican-Origin Immigrant Population.
- Author
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Miranda, Patricia, Schulz, Amy, Israel, Barbara, and González, Hector
- Subjects
- *
HISPANIC Americans , *IMMIGRANTS , *ACCULTURATION , *ANALYSIS of variance , *COMPUTER software , *CONCEPTUAL structures , *MENTAL depression , *EMIGRATION & immigration , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *PRACTICAL politics , *RESEARCH funding , *DATA analysis , *SECONDARY analysis , *OLD age - Abstract
We examined the association between context of entry into the United States and symptoms of depression in an older age Mexican-origin population. We found that context of entry was associated with the number of depressive symptoms reported in this population. Specifically, immigrants who arrived to the U.S. following the Mexican Revolution (1918-1928) reported significantly fewer depressive symptoms, and those who arrived following enactment of the Immigration Reform Control Act (1965-1994) reported significantly more symptoms of depression, compared to those who arrived in the Bracero era (1942-1964). These findings suggest that sociopolitical context at the time of immigration may be associated with long-term psychological well-being. They contribute to a growing body of literature that suggests that the context of immigration may have long-term implications for the health of immigrant populations. We discuss implications of our findings for understanding relationships between immigration policies and the health of Mexican immigrant populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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17. Examining the Influence of Family Environments on Youth Violence: A Comparison of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Non-Latino Black, and Non-Latino White Adolescents.
- Author
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Estrada-Martínez, Lorena M., Padilla, Mark B., Caldwell, Cleopatra Howard, and Schulz, Amy Jo
- Subjects
RISK of violence ,ANALYSIS of variance ,BLACK people ,CHI-squared test ,COMPARATIVE studies ,FAMILIES ,FAMILY assessment ,SURVEYS ,WHITE people - Abstract
Existing research rarely considers important ethnic subgroup variations in violent behaviors among Latino youth. Thus, their risk for severe violent behaviors is not well understood in light of the immense ethnic and generational diversity of the Latino population in the United States. Grounded in social control theory and cultural analyses of familism, we examine differences in the risk for severe youth violence, as well its associations with family cohesion, parental engagement, adolescent autonomy, household composition, and immigrant generation among Mexican (n = 1,594), Puerto Rican (n = 586), Cuban (n = 488), and non-Latino Black (n = 4,053), and White (n = 9,921) adolescents with data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Results indicate a gradient of risk; White youth had the lowest risk for severe violence and Puerto Rican youth had the highest risk compared to all other racial/ethnic subgroups. Within-group analysis indicates that family factors are not universally protective or risk-inducing. While family cohesion decreased the risk of severe violence among all groups, parental engagement was associated with increased risk among Blacks and Whites, and adolescent autonomy was associated with increased risk among Puerto Ricans and Cubans. In addition, Cuban and White adolescents who lived in single parent households or who did not live with their parents, had higher risk for severe violent behaviors than their counterparts who lived in two parent households. Among Latinos, the association of immigrant generation was in opposite directions among Mexicans and Cubans. We conclude that family and immigration factors differentially influence risk for violence among Latino subgroups and highlight the significance of examining subgroup differences and developing intervention strategies that are tailored to the needs of each ethnic subgroup. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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18. An Exploration of Gardens in Maycoba, Mexico: Change in the Environment of a Population Genetically Prone to Diabetes.
- Author
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Begay, R. Cruz, Chaudhari, Lisa S., Esparza-Romero, Julian, Romero, Rene Urquidez, and Schulz, Leslie O.
- Subjects
LIFESTYLES & health ,DIABETES ,COMMUNITIES ,CULTIVATION theory (Communication) - Abstract
Gardens are an important part of the environment as they play multiple roles and are central to the lifestyle and economy of many communities. The investigators use qualitative methods to explore patterns and perceptions about changes in gardening and cultivation in the community of Maycoba, Mexico. Maycoba is home to a large community of Pima Indians, an Indigenous population genetically prone to diabetes. Pima Indians living in the United States have been shown to have an extremely high prevalence of diabetes, but the genetically comparable Pimas in Maycoba, Mexico, were found to have little diabetes in the early 1990s. The authors examine home gardens and other cultivation in the area as an element of a changing environment and lifestyle during the past 15 years. Methods include interviews and focus groups. Preliminary findings are presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Understanding the Literacy Lives of English Language Learners.
- Author
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Schulz, Melissa
- Subjects
LITERACY ,FAMILIES ,CHILDREN ,SCHOOLS ,STUDENTS - Abstract
The article explores the literacy practices a Mexican family values and its two children bring to school. With the complex background of the family, the author highlights the questions raised about the lives of other students from diverse backgrounds and the opportunities that literacy and schooling can provide for them. With the article, the author aims to provide teachers with recommendations to support children and families from diverse backgrounds. She stresses the need for parents to view themselves as partners in their child's learning.
- Published
- 2010
20. The prevalence of melasma and its association with quality of life in adult male Latino migrant workers.
- Author
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Pichardo, Rita, Vallejos, Quirina, Feldman, Steven R., Schulz, Mark R., Verma, Amit, Quandt, Sara A., and Arcury, Thomas A.
- Subjects
SKIN diseases ,MIGRANT labor ,HISPANIC Americans ,QUALITY of life ,DERMATOLOGY ,DISEASES ,PATIENTS - Abstract
Background Melasma is a common condition of Latino women that detracts from their quality of life (QOL). The prevalence and impact of melasma in Latino men is not well characterized. Aim To assess the prevalence of melasma and its association with QOL in Latino men from Mexico and Central America working in the USA. Methods The prevalence of melasma was assessed in three studies of Latino men: by direct examination in a study of 25 Latino poultry workers; by direct examination in a study of 54 Latino farm workers; and by examination of store-and-forward teledermatology images in a study of 300 Latino farm workers. QOL was assessed with a Spanish version of the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Results The prevalence of melasma was 36.0%, 7.4%, and 14.0% in the three studies. The prevalence of melasma was greatest amongst those aged 31 years and older, who were from Guatemala, and who spoke an indigenous language. The presence of melasma was associated with higher DLQI scores, indicating a poorer QOL, in the poultry worker population. Conclusions Melasma is a common condition in Latino men and is associated with a poor QOL in some affected individuals. Clinicians should be aware that melasma may be a concern for their male Latino patients. Research on the association of skin conditions with QOL amongst minority men is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Elemental dispersion and stable isotope fractionation during reactive fluid-flow and fluid immiscibility in the Bufa del Diente aureole, NE-Mexico: evidence from radiographies and Li, B, Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope systematics.
- Author
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Romer, Rolf, Heinrich, Wilhelm, Schröder-Smeibidl, Birgit, Meixner, Anette, Fischer, Carl-Otto, and Schulz, Cathrin
- Subjects
LIMESTONE ,CHERT ,CRYSTALLINE rocks ,AQUIFERS ,MAGMAS ,MARBLE ,CRYSTALLIZATION - Abstract
The 31.6±0.3 Ma old Bufa del Diente alkali-syenite (NE Mexico) intruded a sequence of Cretaceous limestones with intercalated sub-horizontal chert layers. The cherts acted as aquifers that facilitated transport of brines and pegmatitic melts within the shallow-level (<1 kbar) contact-metamorphic aureole. Fluid-driven reactions between chert and marble wallrock, and the influx of late melts and various fluids gave rise to distinct chemical and isotopic signatures within the aquifer and across the zones of infiltration and fluid-driven reaction. Aqueous brines of magmatic origin produced thick wollastonite mantles around the chert layers. Wollastonite formation occurred at the expense of limestone and chert and generated CO
2 . This CO2 -induced fluid unmixing into an aqueous brine and a low-density CO2 -rich fluid, which was lost to the overlying marble where it oxidized organic matter and caused δ13 C and δ18 O shifts in a zone some 5–10 cm wide. After wollastonite formation, the chert aquifers were locally intruded by pegmatite veins carrying alkali feldspar, quartz, aegirine-augite, eudialyte, zircon, and apatite. Aqueous fluids that exsolved during crystallization of the pegmatite veins escaped along late cross-fractures and migrated along the inner and outer borders of the wollastonite margins. Chemical dispersion patterns of U, Al, Na + K, P, S, Fe, and REE across the chert-to-marble boundary and its metasomatic rims are shown by autoradiography and neutron-induced radiography. Scavenging of cations at mineralogical contacts and cation transport into the marbles occurred only on the mm to cm scale. Isotopic data for Pb and Sr across a simple metachert-marble boundary and for Pb, Sr, Nd, B, and Li across a metachert-pegmatite-marble sequence demonstrate the following: (1) The Pb and Sr isotopic signature of early fluids was buffered by the carbonate wallrock. Only late fluids, shielded from wallrock interaction by a wollastonite mantle, variably preserved a memory of their initial magmatic signature. (2) Since the Nd isotope signature of marble and chert is bound to calcite and clay minerals, systematic shifts to unradiogenic Nd in marble reflect loss of carbonate-bound Nd as the wollastonite margin is approached. Nd in the wollastonite margin is dominated by Nd originally bound to clay minerals. The later emplacement of the pegmatite, which carried the Nd isotope signature of its alkali-syenite source, had little effect on the Nd isotopic composition of the wollastonite rim. (3) Although the Li and B isotopic compositions reflect the alkali-syenite source, they are also affected by isotopic fractionation and partitioning between melt, fluid, and solids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Thanksgiving.
- Author
-
Schulz, Edgar Martínez
- Subjects
- *
FIRST person narrative , *THANKSGIVING Day , *BROTHERS - Abstract
This article discusses the author's experience of searching for his half-brother during Thanksgiving Day in Tijuana, Mexico. The author recalls stopping over Gigante, a supermarket chain that has several stores in Tijuana. He cites that the next stop was at a multitude of clubs and bars where contemporary club and pop music blend from all speakers He recalls looking at thousands of shanty homes on the hillsides and wondering if his half-brother lives there as he drove back home.
- Published
- 2007
23. Crystal Chemical and Structural Characterization of Natural and Cation-Exchanged Mexican Erionite.
- Author
-
Quiroz-Estrada, Karla, Pacella, Alessandro, Ballirano, Paolo, Hernández-Espinosa, Miguel Ángel, Felipe, Carlos, and Esparza-Schulz, Marcos
- Subjects
ION exchange (Chemistry) ,RIETVELD refinement ,ANALYTICAL chemistry ,CRYSTALS ,ZEOLITES - Abstract
In this work, the chemical structural characterization of the erionite-type zeolite from Agua Prieta, Sonora, México, was performed on both pristine and Na, Ca, and Mg exchanged samples in order to identify the various modifications due to cation exchange. The samples investigated were those that showed the best behaviour of CO
2 and CH4 adsorption at zero coverage levels and the higher values of surface area reported in our previous studies. According to the crystal-chemical formula (Na3.44 K1.96 Mg0.63 Ca0.62 )[Al8.21 Si27.79 O71.85 ]·29.63H2 O, the pristine sample has been classified as erionite-Na. Morphological FE-SEM investigation performed on both pristine (ERIN) and Na-exchanged samples (ERINa3) showed a similar range of fiber diameters (27–37 nm). The chemical analyses of the ion-exchanged samples evidenced the upload of Ca and Mg following ion exchange with Na. Rietveld analysis results allowed the identification of the chemical structural modification caused by the ion exchange process, occurring mainly at the Ca1 site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. MEXICO IN CRISIS.
- Author
-
Schulz, Donald E.
- Subjects
MEXICAN presidents ,NORTH American Free Trade Agreement ,FREE trade - Abstract
This study examines the development of the crisis in Mexico, with the primary focus on the 6-year term of President Carlos Salinas de Gortari and the first few months of his successor, President Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon. It poses the question of how a country with such seemingly bright prospects as Mexico in the wake of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) approval by the U.S. Congress could so quickly plunge into crisis. The answer is that these problems had been festering for some time. By 1994, a combination of factors-including recurrent economic crises, a failure to introduce meaningful political reforms, the social devastation wrought by neoliberal economic policies, continuing corruption and mismanagement by Mexican political and economic elites, human rights violations, and the growing power of narcotraffickers-was sufficient to destabilize what had long been considered one of the most stable countries in Latin America. The prospects for the future are mixed, at best. While some substantive political, judicial and police reforms have been belatedly made, serious doubts remain as to how far President Zedillo will be willing/able to go in challenging the power and perquisites of the traditional government/Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI) elite and the narcotraffickers. A major threat to these elements would probably in itself be destabilizing; it could also be personally dangerous for Zedillo at a time when political assassinations are becoming increasingly commonplace. Moreover, corruption and inefficiency are so ingrained in the political institutions and practices at all levels of Mexican society that nothing short of a wholesale cultural revolution seems likely to solve the basic problem. Such fundamental changes in values are notoriously difficult to carry out and would take years, indeed decades, to accomplish. Thus, while the economy may pick up in a year or two and significant advances in democratization may occur, political violence and social turmoil will continue, at least in the short-to-medium run. In turn, this will pose serious problems for the United States, especially in the areas of illegal immigration, narcotrafficking, and all the costs and dangers they pose for American society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1995
25. MEXICO AND THE FUTURE.
- Author
-
Schulz, Donald E.
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL relations ,DEMOCRACY ,POLITICAL stability ,SOCIAL status - Abstract
This study examines Mexico's prospects for democracy, socioeconomic development, political stability, relations with the United States, and the implications for the national security of both countries. The main findings are as follows: On Democratization. • While considerable progress has been made, the process remains incomplete and the gains are by no means irreversible. Democratization poses serious risks and costs for both the governing party (Partido Revolucionario Institutional, or PRI) and President Zedillo. It will likely lead to the further erosion of the PRI's political dominance and could weaken the current administration's ability to govern. There is also a possibility that the regime could lose control and that Mexico could descend into political immobilism or chaos. For these reasons, there may be a temptation to limit, halt, or even reverse the reforms. • If the economy continues to decline, social discontent will grow, making governability even more problematic. If this occurs in conjunction with an upsurge in political violence, the prospects for an authoritarian restoration will significantly increase. • The most likely outlook is for a long, drawn-out process of democratization that will take years-and probably decades-to complete. This process is unlikely to be unilinear. There will be setbacks as well as successes. While there will hopefully be more of the latter than the former, one cannot dismiss the possibility of an authoritarian restoration. On Economic Recovery. • The prospects are mixed. While currently most of the macroeconomic indicators are favorable, at the micro level the situation is grim and will probably get worse in the second half of this year. Economic recovery remains fragile and highly dependent on forces beyond Mexican control. Similarly, political/social stability is tenuous. If the conflict in Chiapas resumes and spreads to other states, if there are more political assassinations, scandals, and other forms of turmoil, then the crucial psychological preconditions for recovery may not be established. Investors tend to avoid risky, unstable environments. • Both the economic crisis and government policies meant to deal with it are severely aggravating the country's social crisis, making it unlikely that social turmoil will diminish. This in turn will make it more difficult to generate economic recovery. • A major challenge will be to attract enough long-term, fixed investments (plants and equipment) to offset losses of the short-term, highly liquid portfolio investments that played such a large role in bringing on the crisis. While portfolio investments will be needed also, Mexico must avoid becoming overly dependent on them. • While the Mexican Government is forecasting a rapid recovery, it seems more likely that the economy will sputter along in a recession/meager growth pattern for another year or two. At the micro level, moreover, the recovery will be much slower than at the macro level. Equally possible, however, is the prospect that social and political instability and external forces beyond Mexican control will continue to undermine a recovery. If this occurs, then the most likely outcome is a lengthy period of recession/stagnation or, in the worst case, a resumption of a descending economic spiral. If U.S ./international support for Mexico should falter, the latter would become the most probable scenario.… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1995
26. THE AWAKENING: THE ZAPATISTA REVOLT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS AND THE FUTURE OF MEXICO.
- Author
-
Wager, Stephen J. and Schulz, Donald E.
- Subjects
CIVIL-military relations ,DEMOCRATIZATION ,HUMAN rights ,INSURGENCY ,GUERRILLAS - Abstract
This study examines the origins and nature of the Zapatista rebellion in Chiapas, the response of the Mexican government and military, and the implications for civil-military relations and the future of Mexico. It places the armed forces' reaction within the context of the institution's resonse to the country's accelerated transition to democracy and analyzes the implications of that democratization for the army. The main findings are as follows: On the Zapatista Revolt. • The Zapatista rebellion is not primarily a "military" problem. Rather, it is the product of a convergence of economic, social and political problems that exist not only in Chiapas but in much of rural Mexico. • Unlike most traditional guerrilla movements, the Zapatista National Liberation Army (EZLN) did not seek to destroy the state or take power itself, but rather to force a democratic opening. In this, it has been at least partially successful. Indeed, the Zapatistas may have done more to accelerate the process of Mexican democratization than the previous 5 years of dramatic economic reform under the Salinas administration. • Nevertheless, since the breakdown of peace talks last spring, there has been little progress in terms of defusing a potentially explosive situation. The Zapatistas have assumed an uncompromising stance with regard to the issue of democratic reform. At the same time, they remain very weak militarily. They are largely surrounded by the much stronger Mexican army (with Guatemala being their only escape route), and any attempt to resume their offensive would likely prove suicidal. This has led to a classic standoff. Neither side wants to resume the fighting, yet their negotiating positions remain incompatible. And so unable to move forward and unwilling to surrender, the rebels risk being indefinitely consigned to limbo. • This is dangerous, for as long as the deadlock continues, violence could break out anew; thus, the need to bring the rebels in from the cold. One of the priority tasks of the Zedillo administration should be to explore ways to co-opt the Zapatistas and their supporters, both economically and politically. That means fulfilling the promises that have been made to alleviate the poverty and desperation that drove so many people to support the guerrillas. It also means reforming state and local power structures to assure the rule of law and the access of those who have been shut out of the system in the past. Nor are these requirements limited to Chiapas. Many other areas of rural Mexico suffer comparable problems which, if neglected, may lead to social explosions. • It is also imperative that the process of national political reform be deepened and consolidated, for without democratization other gains will likely prove ephemeral.… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1994
27. Foreign Banks in Mexico: New Conquistadors or Agents of Change?
- Author
-
Schulz, Heiner
- Subjects
- *
FOREIGN investments , *BANKING industry , *MARKET entry , *ECONOMIC impact - Abstract
This paper examines the effect of FDI on the Mexican banking sector. Results show that foreign entry had a positive but limited impact on sector development. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
28. From State-Led Import Substitution Industrialization to Neoliberal Deregulation: New Information and Communication Technologies in Mexico.
- Author
-
Schulz, Markus
- Subjects
INDUSTRIALIZATION ,ECONOMIC development ,IMPORT substitution ,MONOPOLIES ,TELECOMMUNICATION policy ,COMPUTER industry ,HIGH technology industries - Abstract
This paper focuses on the case of Mexico to analyze how the development, adoption, and diffusion of the New Information and Communication Technologies (NICT) was shaped by the state’s policies and, in turn, impacted economy and polity. The economic policies of import substitution industrialization through active state entrepreneurship prior to 1982 had embraced plans for a national computer project and the state monopoly of telecommunication. The neoliberal reforms later initiated in the wake of financial crisis opened doors to foreign investment for an emerging computer industry and paved the way for the re-privatization of the telecommunication sector. The Internet entered Mexico then in a policy environment dominated by neoliberalism. The first computer networks were set up by academics and activists with ties to U.S. universities and foundations. NICT-related legal frameworks were formulated and implemented in the period of the Internet’s commercialization and largely influenced by business interests. The market model of diffusion led to the neglect of universal access efforts and highly unequal distribution of usage opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
29. 'Logistics City' Moves Ahead.
- Author
-
Schulz, John D.
- Subjects
BUSINESS logistics ,COMMERCE - Abstract
Focuses on the Colombia logistic project in Mexico. Commitment of achieving efficiency for the eight-lane Colombia International bridge; Improvement of commerce with the United States; Expansion of port and airport to top-notch cargo facilities.
- Published
- 2001
30. WATER, WATER EVERYWHERE.
- Author
-
Schulz, Nancy
- Subjects
CITIES & towns ,TOURISM ,TRAVEL - Abstract
Describes the city of Cancun, Mexico. Tourist attractions; Transportation; Accommodations; Package tours.
- Published
- 2000
31. MEXICAN COMPANIES' NEW INVESTMENTS.
- Author
-
Tullo, Alex, Schulz, William G., and Dodd, Janet S.
- Subjects
- *
INVESTMENTS , *CHEMICAL industry , *CHEMICAL plants , *POLYETHYLENE terephthalate - Abstract
Reports on the increase in investments in the chemical industry despite the uncertainty of the Phoenix Project, an effort led by Pemex SA de CV to build an integrated ethylene complex in Mexico. Investment of Alpek SA de CV on two polyethylene terephthalate projects; Joint venture between Nova Chemicals Inc. and Grupo Idesa company; Focus of the joint venture.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Mexico: Leading the Southern Hemisphere.
- Author
-
Schulz, Cynthia D.
- Subjects
- *
CHILDREN'S literature , *NONFICTION - Published
- 2015
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